Mojolicious.pm

package Mojolicious;
use Mojo::Base 'Mojo';

use Carp 'croak';
use Mojo::Exception;
use Mojolicious::Commands;
use Mojolicious::Controller;
use Mojolicious::Plugins;
use Mojolicious::Renderer;
use Mojolicious::Routes;
use Mojolicious::Sessions;
use Mojolicious::Static;
use Mojolicious::Types;
use Scalar::Util qw(blessed weaken);

# "Robots don't have any emotions, and sometimes that makes me very sad."
has commands => sub { Mojolicious::Commands->new };
has controller_class => 'Mojolicious::Controller';
has mode => sub { $ENV{MOJO_MODE} || 'development' };
has plugins  => sub { Mojolicious::Plugins->new };
has renderer => sub { Mojolicious::Renderer->new };
has routes   => sub { Mojolicious::Routes->new };
has secret   => sub {
  my $self = shift;

  # Warn developers about insecure default
  $self->log->debug('Your secret passphrase needs to be changed!!!');

  # Default to application name
  return ref $self;
};
has sessions => sub { Mojolicious::Sessions->new };
has static   => sub { Mojolicious::Static->new };
has types    => sub { Mojolicious::Types->new };

our $CODENAME = 'Rainbow';
our $VERSION  = '3.15';

# "These old doomsday devices are dangerously unstable.
#  I'll rest easier not knowing where they are."
sub AUTOLOAD {
  my $self = shift;

  # Method
  my ($package, $method) = our $AUTOLOAD =~ /^([\w:]+)\:\:(\w+)$/;
  croak "Undefined subroutine &${package}::$method called"
    unless blessed $self && $self->isa(__PACKAGE__);

  # Check for helper
  croak qq{Can't locate object method "$method" via package "$package"}
    unless my $helper = $self->renderer->helpers->{$method};

  # Call helper with fresh controller
  return $self->controller_class->new(app => $self)->$helper(@_);
}

sub DESTROY { }

# "I personalized each of your meals.
#  For example, Amy: you're cute, so I baked you a pony."
sub new {
  my $self = shift->SUPER::new(@_);

  # Paths
  my $home = $self->home;
  push @{$self->renderer->paths}, $home->rel_dir('templates');
  push @{$self->static->paths},   $home->rel_dir('public');

  # Default to application namespace
  my $r = $self->routes->namespace(ref $self);

  # Hide controller attributes/methods and "handler"
  $r->hide(qw(AUTOLOAD DESTROY app cookie finish flash handler on param));
  $r->hide(qw(redirect_to render render_content render_data));
  $r->hide(qw(render_exception render_json render_not_found render_partial));
  $r->hide(qw(render_static render_text rendered req res respond_to send));
  $r->hide(qw(session signed_cookie stash tx ua url_for write write_chunk));

  # Prepare log
  my $mode = $self->mode;
  $self->log->path($home->rel_file("log/$mode.log"))
    if -w $home->rel_file('log');

  # Load default plugins
  $self->plugin($_) for qw(HeaderCondition DefaultHelpers TagHelpers);
  $self->plugin($_) for qw(EPLRenderer EPRenderer RequestTimer PoweredBy);

  # Exception handling
  $self->hook(
    around_dispatch => sub {
      my ($next, $c) = @_;
      local $SIG{__DIE__}
        = sub { ref $_[0] ? CORE::die($_[0]) : Mojo::Exception->throw(@_) };
      $c->render_exception($@) unless eval { $next->(); 1 };
    }
  );

  # Reduced log output outside of development mode
  $self->log->level('info') unless $mode eq 'development';

  # Run mode
  if (my $sub = $self->can("${mode}_mode")) { $self->$sub(@_) }

  # Startup
  $self->startup(@_);

  return $self;
}

sub build_tx {
  my $self = shift;
  my $tx   = Mojo::Transaction::HTTP->new;
  $self->plugins->emit_hook(after_build_tx => $tx, $self);
  return $tx;
}

sub defaults { shift->_dict(defaults => @_) }

sub dispatch {
  my ($self, $c) = @_;

  # Prepare transaction
  my $tx = $c->tx;
  $c->res->code(undef) if $tx->is_websocket;
  $self->sessions->load($c);
  my $plugins = $self->plugins->emit_hook(before_dispatch => $c);

  # Try to find a static file
  my $res = $tx->res;
  $self->static->dispatch($c) unless $res->code;
  $plugins->emit_hook_reverse(after_static_dispatch => $c);

  # Routes
  return if $res->code;
  if (my $code = ($tx->req->error)[1]) { $res->code($code) }
  elsif ($tx->is_websocket) { $res->code(426) }
  $c->render_not_found unless $self->routes->dispatch($c) || $res->code;
}

# "Bite my shiny metal ass!"
sub handler {
  my ($self, $tx) = @_;

  # Embedded application
  my $stash = {};
  if (my $sub = $tx->can('stash')) { ($stash, $tx) = ($tx->$sub, $tx->tx) }
  $stash->{'mojo.secret'} //= $self->secret;

  # Build default controller
  my $defaults = $self->defaults;
  @{$stash}{keys %$defaults} = values %$defaults;
  my $c
    = $self->controller_class->new(app => $self, stash => $stash, tx => $tx);
  weaken $c->{app};
  weaken $c->{tx};

  # Dispatcher
  unless ($self->{dispatch}) {
    $self->hook(
      around_dispatch => sub {
        my ($next, $c) = @_;
        $c->app->dispatch($c);
      }
    );
    $self->{dispatch}++;
  }

  # Process
  unless (eval { $self->plugins->emit_chain(around_dispatch => $c) }) {
    $self->log->fatal("Processing request failed: $@");
    $tx->res->code(500);
    $tx->resume;
  }

  # Delayed
  $self->log->debug('Nothing has been rendered, assuming delayed response.')
    unless $stash->{'mojo.rendered'} || $tx->is_writing;
}

sub helper {
  my ($self, $name) = (shift, shift);
  my $r = $self->renderer;
  $self->log->debug(qq{Helper "$name" already exists, replacing.})
    if exists $r->helpers->{$name};
  $r->add_helper($name, @_);
}

# "He knows when you are sleeping.
#  He knows when you're on the can.
#  He'll hunt you down and blast your ass, from here to Pakistan.
#  Oh...
#  You better not breathe, you better not move.
#  You're better off dead, I'm tellin' you, dude.
#  Santa Claus is gunning you down!"
sub hook { shift->plugins->on(@_) }

sub plugin {
  my $self = shift;
  $self->plugins->register_plugin(shift, $self, @_);
}

sub start { ($ENV{MOJO_APP} = shift)->commands->start(@_) }

sub startup { }

1;

=head1 NAME

Mojolicious - Real-time web framework

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  # Application
  package MyApp;
  use Mojo::Base 'Mojolicious';

  # Route
  sub startup {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->routes->get('/hello')->to('foo#hello');
  }

  # Controller
  package MyApp::Foo;
  use Mojo::Base 'Mojolicious::Controller';

  # Action
  sub hello {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->render_text('Hello World!');
  }

=head1 DESCRIPTION

Take a look at our excellent documentation in L<Mojolicious::Guides>!

=head1 ATTRIBUTES

L<Mojolicious> inherits all attributes from L<Mojo> and implements the
following new ones.

=head2 C<commands>

  my $commands = $app->commands;
  $app         = $app->commands(Mojolicious::Commands->new);

Command line interface for your application, defaults to a
L<Mojolicious::Commands> object.

  # Add another namespace to load commands from
  push @{$app->commands->namespaces}, 'MyApp::Command';

=head2 C<controller_class>

  my $class = $app->controller_class;
  $app      = $app->controller_class('Mojolicious::Controller');

Class to be used for the default controller, defaults to
L<Mojolicious::Controller>.

=head2 C<mode>

  my $mode = $app->mode;
  $app     = $app->mode('production');

The operating mode for your application, defaults to the value of the
C<MOJO_MODE> environment variable or C<development>. You can also add per
mode logic to your application by defining methods named C<${mode}_mode> in
the application class, which will be called right before C<startup>.

  sub development_mode {
    my $self = shift;
    ...
  }

  sub production_mode {
    my $self = shift;
    ...
  }

Right before calling C<startup> and mode specific methods, L<Mojolicious>
will pick up the current mode, name the log file after it and raise the log
level from C<debug> to C<info> if it has a value other than C<development>.

=head2 C<plugins>

  my $plugins = $app->plugins;
  $app        = $app->plugins(Mojolicious::Plugins->new);

The plugin manager, defaults to a L<Mojolicious::Plugins> object. See the
C<plugin> method below if you want to load a plugin.

  # Add another namespace to load plugins from
  push @{$app->plugins->namespaces}, 'MyApp::Plugin';

=head2 C<renderer>

  my $renderer = $app->renderer;
  $app         = $app->renderer(Mojolicious::Renderer->new);

Used in your application to render content, defaults to a
L<Mojolicious::Renderer> object. The two main renderer plugins
L<Mojolicious::Plugin::EPRenderer> and L<Mojolicious::Plugin::EPLRenderer>
contain more information.

  # Add another "templates" directory
  push @{$app->renderer->paths}, '/home/sri/templates';

  # Add another class with templates in DATA section
  push @{$app->renderer->classes}, 'Mojolicious::Plugin::Fun';

=head2 C<routes>

  my $routes = $app->routes;
  $app       = $app->routes(Mojolicious::Routes->new);

The router, defaults to a L<Mojolicious::Routes> object. You use this in your
startup method to define the url endpoints for your application.

  sub startup {
    my $self = shift;

    my $r = $self->routes;
    $r->get('/:controller/:action')->to('test#welcome');
  }

=head2 C<secret>

  my $secret = $app->secret;
  $app       = $app->secret('passw0rd');

A secret passphrase used for signed cookies and the like, defaults to the
application name which is not very secure, so you should change it!!! As long
as you are using the insecure default there will be debug messages in the log
file reminding you to change your passphrase.

=head2 C<sessions>

  my $sessions = $app->sessions;
  $app         = $app->sessions(Mojolicious::Sessions->new);

Simple signed cookie based sessions, defaults to a L<Mojolicious::Sessions>
object. You can usually leave this alone, see
L<Mojolicious::Controller/"session"> for more information about working with
session data.

=head2 C<static>

  my $static = $app->static;
  $app       = $app->static(Mojolicious::Static->new);

For serving static files from your C<public> directories, defaults to a
L<Mojolicious::Static> object.

  # Add another "public" directory
  push @{$app->static->paths}, '/home/sri/public';

  # Add another class with static files in DATA section
  push @{$app->static->classes}, 'Mojolicious::Plugin::Fun';

=head2 C<types>

  my $types = $app->types;
  $app      = $app->types(Mojolicious::Types->new);

Responsible for connecting file extensions with MIME types, defaults to a
L<Mojolicious::Types> object.

  $app->types->type(twt => 'text/tweet');

=head1 METHODS

L<Mojolicious> inherits all methods from L<Mojo> and implements the following
new ones.

=head2 C<new>

  my $app = Mojolicious->new;

Construct a new L<Mojolicious> application, calling C<${mode}_mode> and
C<startup> in the process. Will automatically detect your home directory and
set up logging based on your current operating mode. Also sets up the
renderer, static dispatcher and a default set of plugins.

=head2 C<build_tx>

  my $tx = $app->build_tx;

Transaction builder, defaults to building a L<Mojo::Transaction::HTTP>
object.

=head2 C<defaults>

  my $defaults = $app->defaults;
  my $foo      = $app->defaults('foo');
  $app         = $app->defaults({foo => 'bar'});
  $app         = $app->defaults(foo => 'bar');

Default values for L<Mojolicious::Controller/"stash">, assigned for every new
request.

  # Manipulate defaults
  $app->defaults->{foo} = 'bar';
  my $foo = $app->defaults->{foo};
  delete $app->defaults->{foo};

=head2 C<dispatch>

  $app->dispatch(Mojolicious::Controller->new);

The heart of every Mojolicious application, calls the C<static> and C<routes>
dispatchers for every request and passes them a L<Mojolicious::Controller>
object.

=head2 C<handler>

  $app->handler(Mojo::Transaction::HTTP->new);
  $app->handler(Mojolicious::Controller->new);

Sets up the default controller and calls process for every request.

=head2 C<helper>

  $app->helper(foo => sub {...});

Add a new helper that will be available as a method of the controller object
and the application object, as well as a function in C<ep> templates.

  # Helper
  $app->helper(add => sub { $_[1] + $_[2] });

  # Controller/Application
  my $result = $self->add(2, 3);

  # Template
  %= add 2, 3

=head2 C<hook>

  $app->hook(after_dispatch => sub {...});

Extend L<Mojolicious> with hooks.

  # Dispatchers will not run if there's already a response code defined
  $app->hook(before_dispatch => sub {
    my $c = shift;
    $c->render(text => 'Skipped dispatchers!')
      if $c->req->url->path->contains('/do_not_dispatch');
  });

These hooks are currently available and are emitted in the listed order:

=over 2

=item C<after_build_tx>

Emitted right after the transaction is built and before the HTTP request gets
parsed.

  $app->hook(after_build_tx => sub {
    my ($tx, $app) = @_;
    ...
  });

This is a very powerful hook and should not be used lightly, it makes some
rather advanced features such as upload progress bars possible, just note that
it will not work for embedded applications. (Passed the transaction and
application object)

=item C<before_dispatch>

Emitted right before the static dispatcher and router start their work.

  $app->hook(before_dispatch => sub {
    my $c = shift;
    ...
  });

Very useful for rewriting incoming requests and other preprocessing tasks.
(Passed the default controller object)

=item C<after_static_dispatch>

Emitted in reverse order after the static dispatcher determined if a static
file should be served and before the router starts its work.

  $app->hook(after_static_dispatch => sub {
    my $c = shift;
    ...
  });

Mostly used for custom dispatchers and post-processing static file responses.
(Passed the default controller object)

=item C<after_dispatch>

Emitted in reverse order after a response has been rendered. Note that this
hook can trigger before C<after_static_dispatch> due to its dynamic nature.

  $app->hook(after_dispatch => sub {
    my $c = shift;
    ...
  });

Useful for rewriting outgoing responses and other post-processing tasks.
(Passed the current controller object)

=item C<around_dispatch>

Emitted right before the C<before_dispatch> hook and wraps around the whole
dispatch process, so you have to manually forward to the next hook if you want
to continue the chain. Default exception handling with
L<Mojolicious::Controller/"render_exception"> is the first hook in the chain
and a call to C<dispatch> the last, yours will be in between.

  $app->hook(around_dispatch => sub {
    my ($next, $c) = @_;
    ...
    $next->();
    ...
  });

This is a very powerful hook and should not be used lightly, it allows you to
customize application wide exception handling for example, consider it the
sledgehammer in your toolbox. (Passed a closure leading to the next hook and
the default controller object)

=back

=head2 C<plugin>

  $app->plugin('some_thing');
  $app->plugin('some_thing', foo => 23);
  $app->plugin('some_thing', {foo => 23});
  $app->plugin('SomeThing');
  $app->plugin('SomeThing', foo => 23);
  $app->plugin('SomeThing', {foo => 23});
  $app->plugin('MyApp::Plugin::SomeThing');
  $app->plugin('MyApp::Plugin::SomeThing', foo => 23);
  $app->plugin('MyApp::Plugin::SomeThing', {foo => 23});

Load a plugin with L<Mojolicious::Plugins/"register_plugin">.

These plugins are included in the L<Mojolicious> distribution as examples:

=over 2

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::Charset>

Change the application charset.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::Config>

Perl-ish configuration files.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::DefaultHelpers>

General purpose helper collection, loaded automatically.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::EPLRenderer>

Renderer for plain embedded Perl templates, loaded automatically.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::EPRenderer>

Renderer for more sophisiticated embedded Perl templates, loaded
automatically.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::HeaderCondition>

Route condition for all kinds of headers, loaded automatically.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::JSONConfig>

JSON configuration files.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::Mount>

Mount whole L<Mojolicious> applications.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::PODRenderer>

Renderer for POD files and documentation browser.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::PoweredBy>

Add an C<X-Powered-By> header to outgoing responses, loaded automatically.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::RequestTimer>

Log timing information, loaded automatically.

=item L<Mojolicious::Plugin::TagHelpers>

Template specific helper collection, loaded automatically.

=back

=head2 C<start>

  $app->start;
  $app->start(@ARGV);

Start the command line interface for your application with
L<Mojolicious::Commands/"start">.

  # Always start daemon and ignore @ARGV
  $app->start('daemon', '-l', 'http://*:8080');

=head2 C<startup>

  $app->startup;

This is your main hook into the application, it will be called at application
startup. Meant to be overloaded in a subclass.

  sub startup {
    my $self = shift;
    ...
  }

=head1 HELPERS

In addition to the attributes and methods above you can also call helpers on
L<Mojolicious> objects. This includes all helpers from
L<Mojolicious::Plugin::DefaultHelpers> and L<Mojolicious::Plugin::TagHelpers>.
Note that application helpers are always called with a new C<controller_class>
object, so they can't depend on or change controller state, which includes
request, response and stash.

  $app->log->debug($app->dumper({foo => 'bar'}));

=head1 SUPPORT

=head2 Web

L<http://mojolicio.us>

=head2 IRC

C<#mojo> on C<irc.perl.org>

=head2 Mailing-List

L<http://groups.google.com/group/mojolicious>

=head1 DEVELOPMENT

=head2 Repository

L<http://github.com/kraih/mojo>

=head1 BUNDLED FILES

The L<Mojolicious> distribution includes a few files with different licenses
that have been bundled for internal use.

=head2 Mojolicious Artwork

  Copyright (C) 2010-2012, Sebastian Riedel.

Licensed under the CC-SA License, Version 3.0
L<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0>.

=head2 jQuery

  Copyright (C) 2011, John Resig.

Licensed under the MIT License, L<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/MIT>.

=head2 prettify.js

  Copyright (C) 2006, Google Inc.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
L<http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0>.

=head1 CODE NAMES

Every major release of L<Mojolicious> has a code name, these are the ones that
have been used in the past.

3.0, C<Rainbow> (u1F308)

2.0, C<Leaf Fluttering In Wind> (u1F343)

1.4, C<Smiling Face With Sunglasses> (u1F60E)

1.3, C<Tropical Drink> (u1F379)

1.1, C<Smiling Cat Face With Heart-Shaped Eyes> (u1F63B)

1.0, C<Snowflake> (u2744)

0.999930, C<Hot Beverage> (u2615)

0.999927, C<Comet> (u2604)

0.999920, C<Snowman> (u2603)

=head1 PROJECT FOUNDER

Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@cpan.org>

=head1 CORE DEVELOPERS

Current members of the core team in alphabetical order:

=over 4

Abhijit Menon-Sen, C<ams@cpan.org>

Glen Hinkle, C<tempire@cpan.org>

Marcus Ramberg, C<mramberg@cpan.org>

=back

=head1 CREDITS

In alphabetical order:

=over 2

Adam Kennedy

Adriano Ferreira

Al Newkirk

Alex Salimon

Alexey Likhatskiy

Anatoly Sharifulin

Andre Vieth

Andreas Jaekel

Andreas Koenig

Andrew Fresh

Andrey Khozov

Andy Grundman

Aristotle Pagaltzis

Ashley Dev

Ask Bjoern Hansen

Audrey Tang

Ben van Staveren

Benjamin Erhart

Bernhard Graf

Breno G. de Oliveira

Brian Duggan

Burak Gursoy

Ch Lamprecht

Charlie Brady

Chas. J. Owens IV

Christian Hansen

chromatic

Curt Tilmes

Daniel Kimsey

Danijel Tasov

Danny Thomas

David Davis

Diego Kuperman

Dmitriy Shalashov

Dmitry Konstantinov

Douglas Christopher Wilson

Eugene Toropov

Gisle Aas

Graham Barr

Henry Tang

Hideki Yamamura

Ilya Chesnokov

James Duncan

Jan Jona Javorsek

Jaroslav Muhin

Jesse Vincent

Joel Berger

Johannes Plunien

John Kingsley

Jonathan Yu

Kazuhiro Shibuya

Kevin Old

KITAMURA Akatsuki

Lars Balker Rasmussen

Leon Brocard

Magnus Holm

Maik Fischer

Mark Stosberg

Marty Tennison

Matthew Lineen

Maksym Komar

Maxim Vuets

Michael Harris

Mike Magowan

Mirko Westermeier

Mons Anderson

Moritz Lenz

Neil Watkiss

Nic Sandfield

Nils Diewald

Oleg Zhelo

Pascal Gaudette

Paul Evans

Paul Tomlin

Pedro Melo

Peter Edwards

Pierre-Yves Ritschard

Quentin Carbonneaux

Rafal Pocztarski

Randal Schwartz

Robert Hicks

Robin Lee

Roland Lammel

Ryan Jendoubi

Sascha Kiefer

Scott Wiersdorf

Sergey Zasenko

Simon Bertrang

Simone Tampieri

Shu Cho

Skye Shaw

Stanis Trendelenburg

Stephane Este-Gracias

Tatsuhiko Miyagawa

Terrence Brannon

The Perl Foundation

Tomas Znamenacek

Ulrich Habel

Ulrich Kautz

Uwe Voelker

Viacheslav Tykhanovskyi

Victor Engmark

Viliam Pucik

Wes Cravens

Yaroslav Korshak

Yuki Kimoto

Zak B. Elep

=back

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Copyright (C) 2008-2012, Sebastian Riedel.

This program is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the Artistic License version 2.0.

=cut