queue.go

/*
Copyright 2015 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package workqueue

import (
	"sync"
	"time"

	"k8s.io/utils/clock"
)

// Deprecated: Interface is deprecated, use TypedInterface instead.
type Interface TypedInterface[any]

type TypedInterface[T comparable] interface {
	Add(item T)
	Len() int
	Get() (item T, shutdown bool)
	Done(item T)
	ShutDown()
	ShutDownWithDrain()
	ShuttingDown() bool
}

// Queue is the underlying storage for items. The functions below are always
// called from the same goroutine.
type Queue[T comparable] interface {
	// Touch can be hooked when an existing item is added again. This may be
	// useful if the implementation allows priority change for the given item.
	Touch(item T)
	// Push adds a new item.
	Push(item T)
	// Len tells the total number of items.
	Len() int
	// Pop retrieves an item.
	Pop() (item T)
}

// DefaultQueue is a slice based FIFO queue.
func DefaultQueue[T comparable]() Queue[T] {
	return new(queue[T])
}

// queue is a slice which implements Queue.
type queue[T comparable] []T

func (q *queue[T]) Touch(item T) {}

func (q *queue[T]) Push(item T) {
	*q = append(*q, item)
}

func (q *queue[T]) Len() int {
	return len(*q)
}

func (q *queue[T]) Pop() (item T) {
	item = (*q)[0]

	// The underlying array still exists and reference this object, so the object will not be garbage collected.
	(*q)[0] = *new(T)
	*q = (*q)[1:]

	return item
}

// QueueConfig specifies optional configurations to customize an Interface.
// Deprecated: use TypedQueueConfig instead.
type QueueConfig = TypedQueueConfig[any]

type TypedQueueConfig[T comparable] struct {
	// Name for the queue. If unnamed, the metrics will not be registered.
	Name string

	// MetricsProvider optionally allows specifying a metrics provider to use for the queue
	// instead of the global provider.
	MetricsProvider MetricsProvider

	// Clock ability to inject real or fake clock for testing purposes.
	Clock clock.WithTicker

	// Queue provides the underlying queue to use. It is optional and defaults to slice based FIFO queue.
	Queue Queue[T]
}

// New constructs a new work queue (see the package comment).
//
// Deprecated: use NewTyped instead.
func New() *Type {
	return NewWithConfig(QueueConfig{
		Name: "",
	})
}

// NewTyped constructs a new work queue (see the package comment).
func NewTyped[T comparable]() *Typed[T] {
	return NewTypedWithConfig(TypedQueueConfig[T]{
		Name: "",
	})
}

// NewWithConfig constructs a new workqueue with ability to
// customize different properties.
//
// Deprecated: use NewTypedWithConfig instead.
func NewWithConfig(config QueueConfig) *Type {
	return NewTypedWithConfig(config)
}

// NewTypedWithConfig constructs a new workqueue with ability to
// customize different properties.
func NewTypedWithConfig[T comparable](config TypedQueueConfig[T]) *Typed[T] {
	return newQueueWithConfig(config, defaultUnfinishedWorkUpdatePeriod)
}

// NewNamed creates a new named queue.
// Deprecated: Use NewWithConfig instead.
func NewNamed(name string) *Type {
	return NewWithConfig(QueueConfig{
		Name: name,
	})
}

// newQueueWithConfig constructs a new named workqueue
// with the ability to customize different properties for testing purposes
func newQueueWithConfig[T comparable](config TypedQueueConfig[T], updatePeriod time.Duration) *Typed[T] {
	var metricsFactory *queueMetricsFactory
	if config.MetricsProvider != nil {
		metricsFactory = &queueMetricsFactory{
			metricsProvider: config.MetricsProvider,
		}
	} else {
		metricsFactory = &globalMetricsFactory
	}

	if config.Clock == nil {
		config.Clock = clock.RealClock{}
	}

	if config.Queue == nil {
		config.Queue = DefaultQueue[T]()
	}

	return newQueue(
		config.Clock,
		config.Queue,
		metricsFactory.newQueueMetrics(config.Name, config.Clock),
		updatePeriod,
	)
}

func newQueue[T comparable](c clock.WithTicker, queue Queue[T], metrics queueMetrics, updatePeriod time.Duration) *Typed[T] {
	t := &Typed[T]{
		clock:                      c,
		queue:                      queue,
		dirty:                      set[T]{},
		processing:                 set[T]{},
		cond:                       sync.NewCond(&sync.Mutex{}),
		metrics:                    metrics,
		unfinishedWorkUpdatePeriod: updatePeriod,
	}

	// Don't start the goroutine for a type of noMetrics so we don't consume
	// resources unnecessarily
	if _, ok := metrics.(noMetrics); !ok {
		go t.updateUnfinishedWorkLoop()
	}

	return t
}

const defaultUnfinishedWorkUpdatePeriod = 500 * time.Millisecond

// Type is a work queue (see the package comment).
// Deprecated: Use Typed instead.
type Type = Typed[any]

type Typed[t comparable] struct {
	// queue defines the order in which we will work on items. Every
	// element of queue should be in the dirty set and not in the
	// processing set.
	queue Queue[t]

	// dirty defines all of the items that need to be processed.
	dirty set[t]

	// Things that are currently being processed are in the processing set.
	// These things may be simultaneously in the dirty set. When we finish
	// processing something and remove it from this set, we'll check if
	// it's in the dirty set, and if so, add it to the queue.
	processing set[t]

	cond *sync.Cond

	shuttingDown bool
	drain        bool

	metrics queueMetrics

	unfinishedWorkUpdatePeriod time.Duration
	clock                      clock.WithTicker
}

type empty struct{}
type t interface{}
type set[t comparable] map[t]empty

func (s set[t]) has(item t) bool {
	_, exists := s[item]
	return exists
}

func (s set[t]) insert(item t) {
	s[item] = empty{}
}

func (s set[t]) delete(item t) {
	delete(s, item)
}

func (s set[t]) len() int {
	return len(s)
}

// Add marks item as needing processing.
func (q *Typed[T]) Add(item T) {
	q.cond.L.Lock()
	defer q.cond.L.Unlock()
	if q.shuttingDown {
		return
	}
	if q.dirty.has(item) {
		// the same item is added again before it is processed, call the Touch
		// function if the queue cares about it (for e.g, reset its priority)
		if !q.processing.has(item) {
			q.queue.Touch(item)
		}
		return
	}

	q.metrics.add(item)

	q.dirty.insert(item)
	if q.processing.has(item) {
		return
	}

	q.queue.Push(item)
	q.cond.Signal()
}

// Len returns the current queue length, for informational purposes only. You
// shouldn't e.g. gate a call to Add() or Get() on Len() being a particular
// value, that can't be synchronized properly.
func (q *Typed[T]) Len() int {
	q.cond.L.Lock()
	defer q.cond.L.Unlock()
	return q.queue.Len()
}

// Get blocks until it can return an item to be processed. If shutdown = true,
// the caller should end their goroutine. You must call Done with item when you
// have finished processing it.
func (q *Typed[T]) Get() (item T, shutdown bool) {
	q.cond.L.Lock()
	defer q.cond.L.Unlock()
	for q.queue.Len() == 0 && !q.shuttingDown {
		q.cond.Wait()
	}
	if q.queue.Len() == 0 {
		// We must be shutting down.
		return *new(T), true
	}

	item = q.queue.Pop()

	q.metrics.get(item)

	q.processing.insert(item)
	q.dirty.delete(item)

	return item, false
}

// Done marks item as done processing, and if it has been marked as dirty again
// while it was being processed, it will be re-added to the queue for
// re-processing.
func (q *Typed[T]) Done(item T) {
	q.cond.L.Lock()
	defer q.cond.L.Unlock()

	q.metrics.done(item)

	q.processing.delete(item)
	if q.dirty.has(item) {
		q.queue.Push(item)
		q.cond.Signal()
	} else if q.processing.len() == 0 {
		q.cond.Signal()
	}
}

// ShutDown will cause q to ignore all new items added to it and
// immediately instruct the worker goroutines to exit.
func (q *Typed[T]) ShutDown() {
	q.cond.L.Lock()
	defer q.cond.L.Unlock()

	q.drain = false
	q.shuttingDown = true
	q.cond.Broadcast()
}

// ShutDownWithDrain will cause q to ignore all new items added to it. As soon
// as the worker goroutines have "drained", i.e: finished processing and called
// Done on all existing items in the queue; they will be instructed to exit and
// ShutDownWithDrain will return. Hence: a strict requirement for using this is;
// your workers must ensure that Done is called on all items in the queue once
// the shut down has been initiated, if that is not the case: this will block
// indefinitely. It is, however, safe to call ShutDown after having called
// ShutDownWithDrain, as to force the queue shut down to terminate immediately
// without waiting for the drainage.
func (q *Typed[T]) ShutDownWithDrain() {
	q.cond.L.Lock()
	defer q.cond.L.Unlock()

	q.drain = true
	q.shuttingDown = true
	q.cond.Broadcast()

	for q.processing.len() != 0 && q.drain {
		q.cond.Wait()
	}
}

func (q *Typed[T]) ShuttingDown() bool {
	q.cond.L.Lock()
	defer q.cond.L.Unlock()

	return q.shuttingDown
}

func (q *Typed[T]) updateUnfinishedWorkLoop() {
	t := q.clock.NewTicker(q.unfinishedWorkUpdatePeriod)
	defer t.Stop()
	for range t.C() {
		if !func() bool {
			q.cond.L.Lock()
			defer q.cond.L.Unlock()
			if !q.shuttingDown {
				q.metrics.updateUnfinishedWork()
				return true
			}
			return false

		}() {
			return
		}
	}
}