[10.x] Configurable storage path via environment variable (#48115)

* [10.x] Configurable storage path via environment variable

In the current implementation, the storage directory is statically set to `storage`. Given that this directory requires write permissions, it poses challenges in serverless environments and other scenarios where the filesystem might be read-only.

To enhance Laravel's adaptability to diverse hosting environments, this pull request introduces the capability to override the default storage directory using the `STORAGE_PATH` environment variable.

* formatting

* formatting

---------

Co-authored-by: Taylor Otwell <taylor@laravel.com>

src/Illuminate/Foundation/Application.php

@@ -529,6 +529,10 @@ public function usePublicPath($path)
      */
     public function storagePath($path = '')
     {
+        if (isset($_ENV['LARAVEL_STORAGE_PATH'])) {
+            return $this->joinPaths($this->storagePath ?: $_ENV['LARAVEL_STORAGE_PATH'], $path);
+        }
+
         return $this->joinPaths($this->storagePath ?: $this->basePath('storage'), $path);
     }