wide-and-deep-in-keras

1. Abstract：This project is just a practical test for predicting the CTR in a recommendation system. Google first proposed the wide&deep     model in the paper "Wide & Deep Learning for Recommender Systems" https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.07792.pdf. In China, many Internet       companies declared that they have made some improvements in wide&deep for serving their own business. Unfortunately， I connot get the     codes, so I searched the Github and found some codes in keras. I like implementing the deep learning model in keras, whcih is really     easy to read. But I found some mistakes (maybe I misunderstood) in the codes, so I learnt from the codes and read the original paper wide&deep. Finally, I tried to write a simple model for wide&deep.

2. Introduction: There have been many study materials for wide&deep on the Internet, so I omit the illustrations of the details of the       paper. However, during the implementation of my project I found there are two critical points, which must be paid attention to. One is   the data preprocess (oneHot for category features and MinMaxScale for continuous features), the other is the joint training. I must cite the original paper, " Note that there is a distinction between joint training and ensemble. In an ensemble, individual models are trained separately without knowing each other, and their predictions are combined only at inference time but not at training time. In contrast, joint training optimizes all parameters simultaneously by taking both the wide and deep part as well as the weights of their sum into account at training time. There are implications on model size too: For an ensemble, since the training is disjoint, each individual model size usually needs to be larger (e.g., with more features and transformations) to achieve reasonable accuracy for an ensemble to work. In comparison, for joint training the wide part only needs to complement the weaknesses of the deep part with a small number of cross-product feature transformations, rather than a full-size wide model.".   It is easy to implement the wide&deep in a ensemble model (I indeed did). Do not feed the wide part with the full-size featue instead     of the cross-product feature transformations. In my experiment, the loss got higher and the accuracy got lower when the full-size featue was used to feed to the wide part.