[flang] Ensure names resolve in DATA statement objects (#82825)

When DATA statement objects have derived types obtained by implicit
typing rules, their types aren't known until specification part
processing is complete. In the case of a derived type, any component
name in a designator may still be in need of name resolution. Take care
of it in the deferred check visitor that runs at the end of name
resolution in each specification and execution part.

Fixes #82069.

flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp

@@ -9095,6 +9095,8 @@ void ResolveNamesVisitor::EndScopeForNode(const ProgramTree &node) {
 // pointers, are deferred until all of the pertinent specification parts
 // have been visited.  This deferred processing enables the use of forward
 // references in these circumstances.
+// Data statement objects with implicit derived types are finally
+// resolved here.
 class DeferredCheckVisitor {
 public:
   explicit DeferredCheckVisitor(ResolveNamesVisitor &resolver)
@@ -9110,16 +9112,17 @@ class DeferredCheckVisitor {
     if (Symbol * symbol{name.symbol}) {
       if (Scope * scope{symbol->scope()}) {
         if (scope->IsDerivedType()) {
-          resolver_.PushScope(*scope);
-          pushedScope_ = true;
+          CHECK(outerScope_ == nullptr);
+          outerScope_ = &resolver_.currScope();
+          resolver_.SetScope(*scope);
         }
       }
     }
   }
   void Post(const parser::EndTypeStmt &) {
-    if (pushedScope_) {
-      resolver_.PopScope();
-      pushedScope_ = false;
+    if (outerScope_) {
+      resolver_.SetScope(*outerScope_);
+      outerScope_ = nullptr;
     }
   }
 
@@ -9149,10 +9152,20 @@ class DeferredCheckVisitor {
     resolver_.CheckExplicitInterface(tbps.interfaceName);
   }
   void Post(const parser::TypeBoundProcedureStmt::WithoutInterface &tbps) {
-    if (pushedScope_) {
+    if (outerScope_) {
       resolver_.CheckBindings(tbps);
     }
   }
+  bool Pre(const parser::DataStmtObject &) {
+    ++dataStmtObjectNesting_;
+    return true;
+  }
+  void Post(const parser::DataStmtObject &) { --dataStmtObjectNesting_; }
+  void Post(const parser::Designator &x) {
+    if (dataStmtObjectNesting_ > 0) {
+      resolver_.ResolveDesignator(x);
+    }
+  }
 
 private:
   void Init(const parser::Name &name,
@@ -9174,7 +9187,8 @@ class DeferredCheckVisitor {
   }
 
   ResolveNamesVisitor &resolver_;
-  bool pushedScope_{false};
+  Scope *outerScope_{nullptr};
+  int dataStmtObjectNesting_{0};
 };
 
 // Perform checks and completions that need to happen after all of

flang/test/Semantics/data22.f90

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+! RUN: %flang_fc1 -fdebug-dump-symbols %s 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+! Ensure that implicitly typed DATA statement objects with derived
+! types get their symbols resolved by the end of the name resolution pass.
+! CHECK: x1 (Implicit, InDataStmt) size=4 offset=0: ObjectEntity type: TYPE(t1) shape: 1_8:1_8 init:[t1::t1(n=123_4)]
+! CHECK: x2 (InDataStmt) size=4 offset=4: ObjectEntity type: TYPE(t2) shape: 1_8:1_8 init:[t2::t2(m=456_4)]
+implicit type(t1)(x)
+type t1
+  integer n
+end type
+dimension x1(1), x2(1)
+data x1(1)%n /123/
+data x2(1)%m /456/
+type t2
+  integer m
+end type
+type(t2) x2
+end