[lld][LoongArch] Support the R_LARCH_CALL36 relocation type (#73346)

R_LARCH_CALL36 was designed for function call on medium code model where
the 2 instructions (pcaddu18i + jirl) must be adjacent. This is expected
to replace current medium code model implementation, i.e.
R_LARCH_PCALA_{HI20,LO12} on pcalau12i + jirl.

See loongson/la-abi-specs#3 for more details.

lld/ELF/Arch/LoongArch.cpp

@@ -463,6 +463,7 @@ RelExpr LoongArch::getRelExpr(const RelType type, const Symbol &s,
   case R_LARCH_B16:
   case R_LARCH_B21:
   case R_LARCH_B26:
+  case R_LARCH_CALL36:
     return R_PLT_PC;
   case R_LARCH_GOT_PC_HI20:
   case R_LARCH_GOT64_PC_LO20:
@@ -590,6 +591,25 @@ void LoongArch::relocate(uint8_t *loc, const Relocation &rel,
     write32le(loc, setD10k16(read32le(loc), val >> 2));
     return;
 
+  case R_LARCH_CALL36: {
+    // This relocation is designed for adjancent pcaddu18i+jirl pairs that
+    // are patched in one time. Because of sign extension of these insns'
+    // immediate fields, the relocation range is [-128G - 0x20000, +128G -
+    // 0x20000) (of course must be 4-byte aligned).
+    if (((int64_t)val + 0x20000) != llvm::SignExtend64(val + 0x20000, 38))
+      reportRangeError(loc, rel, Twine(val), llvm::minIntN(38) - 0x20000,
+                       llvm::maxIntN(38) - 0x20000);
+    checkAlignment(loc, val, 4, rel);
+    // Since jirl performs sign extension on the offset immediate, adds (1<<17)
+    // to original val to get the correct hi20.
+    uint32_t hi20 = extractBits(val + (1 << 17), 37, 18);
+    // Despite the name, the lower part is actually 18 bits with 4-byte aligned.
+    uint32_t lo16 = extractBits(val, 17, 2);
+    write32le(loc, setJ20(read32le(loc), hi20));
+    write32le(loc + 4, setK16(read32le(loc + 4), lo16));
+    return;
+  }
+
   // Relocs intended for `addi`, `ld` or `st`.
   case R_LARCH_PCALA_LO12:
     // We have to again inspect the insn word to handle the R_LARCH_PCALA_LO12

lld/test/ELF/loongarch-call36.s

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# REQUIRES: loongarch
+
+# RUN: rm -rf %t && split-file %s %t
+# RUN: llvm-mc --filetype=obj --triple=loongarch64-unknown-elf %t/a.s -o %t/a.o
+
+# RUN: ld.lld %t/a.o --section-start=.text=0x20010 --section-start=.sec.foo=0x60020 -o %t/exe1
+# RUN: llvm-objdump --no-show-raw-insn -d %t/exe1 | FileCheck --match-full-lines %s --check-prefix=EXE1
+## hi20 = target - pc + (1 << 17) >> 18 = 0x60020 - 0x20010 + 0x20000 >> 18 = 1
+## lo18 = target - pc & (1 << 18) - 1 = 0x60020 - 0x20010 & 0x3ffff = 16
+# EXE1:      20010: pcaddu18i $t0, 1
+# EXE1-NEXT: 20014: jirl $zero, $t0, 16
+
+# RUN: ld.lld %t/a.o --section-start=.text=0x20010 --section-start=.sec.foo=0x40020 -o %t/exe2
+# RUN: llvm-objdump --no-show-raw-insn -d %t/exe2 | FileCheck --match-full-lines %s --check-prefix=EXE2
+## hi20 = target - pc + (1 << 17) >> 18 = 0x40020 - 0x20010 + 0x20000 >> 18 = 1
+## lo18 = target - pc & (1 << 18) - 1 = 0x40020 - 0x20010 & 0x3ffff = -131056
+# EXE2:      20010: pcaddu18i $t0, 1
+# EXE2-NEXT: 20014: jirl $zero, $t0, -131056
+
+# RUN: ld.lld %t/a.o -shared -T %t/a.t -o %t/a.so
+# RUN: llvm-readelf -x .got.plt %t/a.so | FileCheck --check-prefix=GOTPLT %s
+# RUN: llvm-objdump -d --no-show-raw-insn %t/a.so | FileCheck --check-prefix=SO %s
+## PLT should be present in this case.
+# SO:    Disassembly of section .plt:
+# SO:    <.plt>:
+##       foo@plt:
+# SO:    1234520:  pcaddu12i $t3, 64{{$}}
+# SO-NEXT:         ld.d $t3, $t3, 544{{$}}
+# SO-NEXT:         jirl $t1, $t3, 0
+# SO-NEXT:         nop
+
+# SO:   Disassembly of section .text:
+# SO:   <_start>:
+## hi20 = foo@plt - pc + (1 << 17) >> 18 = 0x1234520 - 0x1274670 + 0x20000 >> 18 = -1
+## lo18 = foo@plt - pc & (1 << 18) - 1 = 0x1234520 - 0x1274670 & 0x3ffff = -336
+# SO-NEXT: pcaddu18i $t0, -1{{$}}
+# SO-NEXT: jirl $zero, $t0, -336{{$}}
+
+# GOTPLT:      section '.got.plt':
+# GOTPLT-NEXT: 0x01274730 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
+# GOTPLT-NEXT: 0x01274740 00452301 00000000
+
+# RUN: not ld.lld %t/a.o --section-start=.text=0x20000 --section-start=.sec.foo=0x2000020000 -o /dev/null 2>&1 | \
+# RUN:   FileCheck -DFILE=%t/a.o --check-prefix=ERROR-RANGE %s
+# ERROR-RANGE: error: [[FILE]]:(.text+0x0): relocation R_LARCH_CALL36 out of range: 137438953472 is not in [-137439084544, 137438822399]; references 'foo'
+
+## Impossible case in reality becasue all LoongArch instructions are fixed 4-bytes long.
+# RUN: not ld.lld %t/a.o --section-start=.text=0x20000 --section-start=.sec.foo=0x40001 -o /dev/null 2>&1 | \
+# RUN:   FileCheck -DFILE=%t/a.o --check-prefix=ERROR-ALIGN %s
+# ERROR-ALIGN: error: [[FILE]]:(.text+0x0): improper alignment for relocation R_LARCH_CALL36: 0x20001 is not aligned to 4 bytes
+
+#--- a.t
+SECTIONS {
+ .plt   0x1234500: { *(.plt) }
+ .text  0x1274670: { *(.text) }
+}
+
+#--- a.s
+.text
+.global _start
+_start:
+  .reloc ., R_LARCH_CALL36, foo
+  pcaddu18i $t0, 0
+  jirl      $zero, $t0, 0
+
+.section .sec.foo,"ax"
+.global foo
+foo:
+  ret