[clang] Exclude non-template classes when checking if constraint refe…

…rs to containing template arguments (#74265)

When checking if the constraint uses any enclosing template parameters
for [temp.friend]p9, if a containing record is used as argument, we
assume that the constraint depends on enclosing template parameters
without checking if the record is templated. The reproducer from the bug
is included as a test case.

Fixes #71595

clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst

@@ -653,6 +653,9 @@ Bug Fixes in This Version
 - Fixed false positive error emitted by clang when performing qualified name
   lookup and the current class instantiation has dependent bases.
   Fixes (`#13826 <https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/13826>`_)
+- Fix a ``clang-17`` regression where a templated friend with constraints is not
+  properly applied when its parameters reference an enclosing non-template class.
+  Fixes (`#71595 <https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/71595>`_)
 - Fix the name of the ifunc symbol emitted for multiversion functions declared with the
   ``target_clones`` attribute. This addresses a linker error that would otherwise occur
   when these functions are referenced from other TUs.

clang/lib/Sema/SemaTemplate.cpp

@@ -1712,6 +1712,8 @@ class ConstraintRefersToContainingTemplateChecker
   // Friend, likely because it was referred to without its template arguments.
   void CheckIfContainingRecord(const CXXRecordDecl *CheckingRD) {
     CheckingRD = CheckingRD->getMostRecentDecl();
+    if (!CheckingRD->isTemplated())
+      return;
 
     for (const DeclContext *DC = Friend->getLexicalDeclContext();
          DC && !DC->isFileContext(); DC = DC->getParent())

clang/test/SemaTemplate/GH71595.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++20 -verify %s
+
+template<class T, class U>
+concept C = true;
+
+class non_temp {
+    template<C<non_temp> T>
+    friend void f();
+
+    non_temp();
+};
+
+template<C<non_temp> T>
+void f() {
+    auto v = non_temp();
+}
+
+template<class A>
+class temp {
+    template<C<temp> T>
+    friend void g();
+
+    temp(); // expected-note {{implicitly declared private here}}
+};
+
+template<C<temp<int>> T>
+void g() {
+    auto v = temp<T>(); // expected-error {{calling a private constructor of class 'temp<int>'}}
+}
+
+void h() {
+    f<int>();
+    g<int>(); // expected-note {{in instantiation of function template specialization 'g<int>' requested here}}
+}