Merge pull request codeguy#123 from jeremeamia/gh-pages

Added improvements and content in the programming paradigms section

_posts/03-02-01-Programming-Paradigms.md

@@ -4,18 +4,21 @@ isChild: true
 
 ## Programming Paradigms
 
-PHP is a flexible, dynamic language that supports a variety of programming techniques. It has evolved dramatically over the years, 
-notably adding a solid object-oriented model in PHP 5.0 (2004), anonymous functions and namespaces in PHP 5.3 (2009), and traits in 
-PHP 5.4 (2012). 
+PHP is a flexible, dynamic language that supports a variety of programming techniques. It has evolved dramatically over
+the years, notably adding a solid object-oriented model in PHP 5.0 (2004), anonymous functions and namespaces in PHP
+5.3 (2009), and traits in PHP 5.4 (2012).
 
 ### Object-oriented Programming
 
+PHP has a very complete set of object-oriented programming features including support for classes, abstract classes,
+interfaces, inheritence, constructors, cloning, exceptions, and more.
+
 * [Read about Object-oriented PHP][oop]
 * [Read about Traits][traits]
 
 ### Functional Programming
 
-PHP has had anonymous functions since PHP 5.3:
+PHP has had support for anonymous functions and closures since PHP 5.3:
 
 {% highlight php %}
 <?php
@@ -27,13 +30,20 @@ $greet = function($name)
 $greet('World');
 {% endhighlight %}
 
-* [Read about Anonymous functions][anonymous-functions]
+PHP 5.4 added the ability to bind closures to an object's scope and also improved support for callables such that they
+can be used interchangeably with anonymous functions in almost all cases.
+
+* [Read about Anonymous Functions][anonymous-functions]
+* [Read about the Closure class][closure-class]
+* [Read about Callables][callables]
 * [Read about dynamically invoking functions with `call_user_func_array`][call-user-func-array]
 
 ### Meta Programming
 
-Ruby developers often say that PHP is lacking `method_missing`, but it is available as `__call()`. There are many Magic Methods available 
-like `__get()`, `__set()`, `__clone()`, `__toString()`, etc.
+PHP supports various forms of meta programming through mechanisms like the Reflection API and Magic Methods. There are
+many Magic Methods available like `__get()`, `__set()`, `__clone()`, `__toString()`, `__invoke()`, etc. that allow
+developers to hook into class behavior. Ruby developers often say that PHP is lacking `method_missing`, but it is
+available as `__call()` and `__callStatic()`.
 
 * [Read about Magic Methods][magic-methods]
 * [Read about Reflection][reflection]
@@ -42,6 +52,8 @@ like `__get()`, `__set()`, `__clone()`, `__toString()`, etc.
 [overloading]: http://uk.php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.overloading.php
 [oop]: http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.php
 [anonymous-functions]: http://www.php.net/manual/en/functions.anonymous.php
+[closure-class]: http://php.net/manual/en/class.closure.php
+[callables]: http://php.net/manual/en/language.types.callable.php
 [magic-methods]: http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.magic.php
 [reflection]: http://www.php.net/manual/en/intro.reflection.php
 [traits]: http://www.php.net/traits