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k28.cpp
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k28.cpp
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// license:BSD-3-Clause
// copyright-holders:hap
// thanks-to:Kevin Horton
/*******************************************************************************
Tiger Electronics K-2-8: Talking Learning Computer (model 7-230/7-231)
3 models exist:
- 7-230: darkblue case, toy-ish looks
- 7-231: gray case, hardware is the same
- 7-232: this one is completely different hw --> driver k28m2.cpp
Hardware notes:
- PCB label: PB-123 WIZARD, TIGER
- Intel P8021 MCU with 1KB internal ROM
- MM5445N VFD driver, 9-digit alphanumeric display same as snmath
- 2*TMS6100 (32KB VSM)
- SC-01-A speech chip
- module slot
6 modules were announced (see back of the box), but it's not known if they
were actually released.
TODO:
- plosive consonants are very difficult to hear, it's an issue in votrax.cpp
- add module slot
*******************************************************************************/
#include "emu.h"
#include "cpu/mcs48/mcs48.h"
#include "machine/tms6100.h"
#include "video/mm5445.h"
#include "video/pwm.h"
#include "sound/votrax.h"
#include "speaker.h"
// internal artwork
#include "k28.lh"
namespace {
class k28_state : public driver_device
{
public:
k28_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag) :
driver_device(mconfig, type, tag),
m_maincpu(*this, "maincpu"),
m_vfd(*this, "vfd"),
m_display(*this, "display"),
m_tms6100(*this, "tms6100"),
m_speech(*this, "speech"),
m_inputs(*this, "IN.%u", 0)
{ }
void k28(machine_config &config);
DECLARE_INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(power_on);
protected:
virtual void machine_start() override;
virtual void machine_reset() override;
private:
// devices/pointers
required_device<i8021_device> m_maincpu;
required_device<mm5445_device> m_vfd;
required_device<pwm_display_device> m_display;
required_device<tms6100_device> m_tms6100;
required_device<votrax_sc01_device> m_speech;
required_ioport_array<7> m_inputs;
bool m_power_on = false;
attotime m_onbutton_time;
u8 m_inp_mux = 0;
u8 m_phoneme = 0x3f;
int m_speech_strobe = 0;
u64 m_vfd_data = 0;
void vfd_output_w(u64 data);
void mcu_p0_w(u8 data);
u8 mcu_p1_r();
u8 mcu_p2_r();
void mcu_p2_w(u8 data);
void power_off();
};
void k28_state::machine_start()
{
// register for savestates
save_item(NAME(m_power_on));
save_item(NAME(m_onbutton_time));
save_item(NAME(m_inp_mux));
save_item(NAME(m_phoneme));
save_item(NAME(m_speech_strobe));
save_item(NAME(m_vfd_data));
}
/*******************************************************************************
Power
*******************************************************************************/
void k28_state::machine_reset()
{
m_vfd_data = 0;
m_power_on = true;
m_maincpu->set_input_line(INPUT_LINE_RESET, CLEAR_LINE);
// it relies on reading the on-button as pressed when it's turned on
m_onbutton_time = machine().time() + attotime::from_msec(250);
}
INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(k28_state::power_on)
{
if (newval && !m_power_on)
machine_reset();
}
void k28_state::power_off()
{
m_power_on = false;
m_maincpu->set_input_line(INPUT_LINE_RESET, ASSERT_LINE);
m_display->clear();
}
/*******************************************************************************
I/O
*******************************************************************************/
// MM5445 VFD
void k28_state::vfd_output_w(u64 data)
{
// O1-O16: digit segment data
// O17-O25: digit select
u16 seg_data = bitswap<16>(data,15,14,2,6,5,3,1,7,12,11,10,13,0,4,9,8);
m_display->matrix(data >> 16, seg_data);
// O26: power-off request on falling edge
if (~data & m_vfd_data & 1 << 25)
power_off();
m_vfd_data = data;
}
// I8021 ports
void k28_state::mcu_p0_w(u8 data)
{
// d0,d1: phoneme high bits
// d0-d2: input mux high bits
m_inp_mux = (m_inp_mux & 0xf) | (~data << 4 & 0x70);
m_phoneme = (m_phoneme & 0xf) | (data << 4 & 0x30);
// d3: SC-01 strobe, latch phoneme on rising edge
int strobe = data >> 3 & 1;
if (strobe && !m_speech_strobe)
m_speech->write(m_phoneme);
m_speech_strobe = strobe;
// d5: VFD driver data enable
m_vfd->enable_w(data >> 5 & 1);
// d4: VSM chip enable
// d6: VSM M0
// d7: VSM M1
m_tms6100->cs_w(~data >> 4 & 1);
m_tms6100->m0_w(data >> 6 & 1);
m_tms6100->m1_w(data >> 7 & 1);
m_tms6100->clk_w(1);
m_tms6100->clk_w(0);
}
u8 k28_state::mcu_p1_r()
{
u8 data = 0;
// multiplexed inputs (active low)
for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
if (BIT(m_inp_mux, i))
{
data |= m_inputs[i]->read();
// force press on-button at boot
if (i == 5 && machine().time() < m_onbutton_time)
data |= 1;
}
return data ^ 0xff;
}
u8 k28_state::mcu_p2_r()
{
// d3: VSM data
return (m_tms6100->data_line_r()) ? 8 : 0;
}
void k28_state::mcu_p2_w(u8 data)
{
// d0: VFD driver serial data
m_vfd->data_w(data & 1);
// d0-d3: VSM data, input mux and SC-01 phoneme lower nibble
m_tms6100->add_w(data);
m_inp_mux = (m_inp_mux & ~0xf) | (~data & 0xf);
m_phoneme = (m_phoneme & ~0xf) | (data & 0xf);
}
/*******************************************************************************
Input Ports
*******************************************************************************/
static INPUT_PORTS_START( k28 )
PORT_START("IN.0")
PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_OPENBRACE) PORT_NAME("Yes/True")
PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_G) PORT_CHAR('G')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_Q) PORT_CHAR('Q')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_QUOTE) PORT_CHAR('\'')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_CLOSEBRACE) PORT_NAME("No/False")
PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_H) PORT_CHAR('H')
PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_R) PORT_CHAR('R')
PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_SPACE) PORT_NAME("Select")
PORT_START("IN.1")
PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_END) PORT_NAME("Scroll")
PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F) PORT_CHAR('F')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_P) PORT_CHAR('P')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_Z) PORT_CHAR('Z')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_COMMA) PORT_NAME("<")
PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_I) PORT_CHAR('I')
PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_S) PORT_CHAR('S')
PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_DEL) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_BACKSPACE) PORT_CHAR(8) PORT_NAME("Erase/Clear")
PORT_START("IN.2")
PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_HOME) PORT_NAME("Menu")
PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_E) PORT_CHAR('E')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_O) PORT_CHAR('O')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_Y) PORT_CHAR('Y')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_STOP) PORT_NAME(">")
PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_J) PORT_CHAR('J')
PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_T) PORT_CHAR('T')
PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ENTER) PORT_CHAR(13) PORT_NAME("Enter/Start")
PORT_START("IN.3")
PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_SLASH) PORT_NAME("Prompt")
PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_D) PORT_CHAR('D')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_N) PORT_CHAR('N')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_X) PORT_CHAR('X')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7_PAD) PORT_NAME("7")
PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4_PAD) PORT_NAME("4")
PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1_PAD) PORT_NAME("1")
PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0_PAD) PORT_NAME("0")
PORT_START("IN.4")
PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_MINUS) PORT_NAME("Say It Again(Repeat)")
PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_C) PORT_CHAR('C')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_M) PORT_CHAR('M')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_W) PORT_CHAR('W')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8_PAD) PORT_NAME("8")
PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5_PAD) PORT_NAME("5")
PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2_PAD) PORT_NAME("2")
PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_DEL_PAD) PORT_NAME(".")
PORT_START("IN.5")
PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_POWER_ON ) PORT_CHANGED_MEMBER(DEVICE_SELF, k28_state, power_on, 0)
PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_B) PORT_CHAR('B')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_L) PORT_CHAR('L')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_V) PORT_CHAR('V')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_9) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_9_PAD) PORT_NAME("9")
PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6_PAD) PORT_NAME("6")
PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3_PAD) PORT_NAME("3")
PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ENTER_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_EQUALS) PORT_NAME("=")
PORT_START("IN.6")
PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_POWER_OFF ) // -> auto_power_off
PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_A) PORT_CHAR('A')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_K) PORT_CHAR('K')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_U) PORT_CHAR('U')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_SLASH_PAD) PORT_NAME(u8"÷")
PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ASTERISK) PORT_NAME(u8"×")
PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_MINUS_PAD) PORT_NAME("-")
PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_PLUS_PAD) PORT_NAME("+")
INPUT_PORTS_END
/*******************************************************************************
Machine Configs
*******************************************************************************/
void k28_state::k28(machine_config &config)
{
// basic machine hardware
I8021(config, m_maincpu, 3.579545_MHz_XTAL);
m_maincpu->bus_out_cb().set(FUNC(k28_state::mcu_p0_w));
m_maincpu->p1_in_cb().set(FUNC(k28_state::mcu_p1_r));
m_maincpu->p2_in_cb().set(FUNC(k28_state::mcu_p2_r));
m_maincpu->p2_out_cb().set(FUNC(k28_state::mcu_p2_w));
m_maincpu->prog_out_cb().set("vfd", FUNC(mm5445_device::clock_w));
m_maincpu->t1_in_cb().set("speech", FUNC(votrax_sc01_device::request));
TMS6100(config, m_tms6100, 3.579545_MHz_XTAL / 15); // CLK tied to 8021 ALE pin
// video hardware
MM5445(config, m_vfd).output_cb().set(FUNC(k28_state::vfd_output_w));
PWM_DISPLAY(config, m_display).set_size(9, 16);
m_display->set_segmask(0x1ff, 0x3fff);
config.set_default_layout(layout_k28);
// sound hardware
SPEAKER(config, "mono").front_center();
VOTRAX_SC01A(config, "speech", 760000).add_route(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 0.5); // measured 760kHz on its RC pin
}
/*******************************************************************************
ROM Definitions
*******************************************************************************/
ROM_START( k28 )
ROM_REGION( 0x1000, "maincpu", 0 )
ROM_LOAD( "p8021_7-230-itl", 0x0000, 0x0400, CRC(15536d20) SHA1(fac98ce652340ffb2d00952697c3a9ce75393fa4) )
ROM_REGION( 0x10000, "tms6100", ROMREGION_ERASEFF ) // 8000-bfff? = space reserved for cartridge
ROM_LOAD( "cm62050u", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(6afb8645) SHA1(e22435568ed11c6516a3b4008131f99cd4e47aa9) )
ROM_LOAD( "cm62051u", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(0fa61baa) SHA1(831be669423ba60c7f85a896b4b09a1295478bd9) )
ROM_END
} // anonymous namespace
/*******************************************************************************
Drivers
*******************************************************************************/
// YEAR NAME PARENT COMPAT MACHINE INPUT CLASS INIT COMPANY, FULLNAME, FLAGS
SYST( 1981, k28, 0, 0, k28, k28, k28_state, empty_init, "Tiger Electronics", "K-2-8: Talking Learning Computer (model 7-230)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_IMPERFECT_SOUND )