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Fixed spelling mistake (#2180)
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kzhen committed Jul 11, 2023
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# Destination health checks
In most of the real-world systems, it's expected for their nodes to occasionally experience transient issues and go down completely due to a variety of reasons such as an overload, resource leakage, hardware failures, etc. Ideally, it'd be desirable to completely prevent those unfortunate events from occurring in a proactive way, but the cost of designing and building such an ideal system is generally prohibitively high. However, there is another reactive approach which is cheaper and aimed to minimizing a negative impact failures cause on client requests. The proxy can analyze each nodes health and stop sending client traffic to unhealthy ones until they recover. YARP implements this approach in the form of active and passive destination health checks. They are independent from each other and stored on the relative properties for each destination. Health states are initialized with `Unknown` value which can be later changed to either `Healty` or `Unhealthy` by the corresponding policies as explained below.
In most of the real-world systems, it's expected for their nodes to occasionally experience transient issues and go down completely due to a variety of reasons such as an overload, resource leakage, hardware failures, etc. Ideally, it'd be desirable to completely prevent those unfortunate events from occurring in a proactive way, but the cost of designing and building such an ideal system is generally prohibitively high. However, there is another reactive approach which is cheaper and aimed to minimizing a negative impact failures cause on client requests. The proxy can analyze each nodes health and stop sending client traffic to unhealthy ones until they recover. YARP implements this approach in the form of active and passive destination health checks. They are independent from each other and stored on the relative properties for each destination. Health states are initialized with `Unknown` value which can be later changed to either `Healthy` or `Unhealthy` by the corresponding policies as explained below.

## Active health checks
YARP can proactively monitor destination health by sending periodic probing requests to designated health endpoints and analyzing responses. That analysis is performed by an active health check policy specified for a cluster and results in the calculation of the new destination health states. In the end, the policy marks each destination as healthy or unhealthy based on the HTTP response code (2xx is considered healthy) and rebuilds the cluster's healthy destination collection.
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