[angle] Fixed build with /permissive- MSVC toolchain and clang on Linux

[qis]

The first change is to fix builds with MSVC toolchains that set /permissive- since ANGLE requires the old behavior.

The biggest offender is the macro NOTREACHED (src\common\third_party\base\anglebaselogging.h line 23).

I see no harm in forcing /permissive as it should not have any effect on builds with the default toolchain.

The second change is switching from hard-coded compile options to CMake properties, otherwise the port cannot be built with clang since the clang(1) executable does not support the -std=c++... command line options.

The CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17 property is supported since CMake version 3.8.2.
The CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE property improves try_compile support.