cpanm

#!/usr/bin/env perl
#
# You want to install cpanminus? Run the following command and it will
# install itself for you. You might want to run it as a root with sudo
# if you want to install to places like /usr/local/bin.
#
#   % curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --self-upgrade
#
# If you don't have curl but wget, replace `curl -L` with `wget -O -`.
#
# For more details about this program, visit http://search.cpan.org/dist/App-cpanminus
#
# DO NOT EDIT -- this is an auto generated file
# This chunk of stuff was generated by App::FatPacker. To find the original
# file's code, look for the end of this BEGIN block or the string 'FATPACK'
BEGIN {
my %fatpacked;

$fatpacked{"App/cpanminus.pm"} = <<'APP_CPANMINUS';
  package App::cpanminus;
  our $VERSION = "1.4000";
  
  =head1 NAME
  
  App::cpanminus - get, unpack, build and install modules from CPAN
  
  =head1 SYNOPSIS
  
      cpanm Module
  
  Run C<cpanm -h> for more options.
  
  =head1 DESCRIPTION
  
  cpanminus is a script to get, unpack, build and install modules from
  CPAN and does nothing else.
  
  It's dependency free (can bootstrap itself), requires zero
  configuration, and stands alone. When running, it requires only 10MB
  of RAM.
  
  =head1 INSTALLATION
  
  There are several ways to install cpanminus to your system.
  
  =head2 Package management system
  
  There are Debian packages, RPMs, FreeBSD ports, and packages for other
  operation systems available. If you want to use the package management system,
  search for cpanminus and use the appropriate command to install. This makes it
  easy to install C<cpanm> to your system without thinking about where to
  install, and later upgrade.
  
  =head2 Installing to system perl
  
  You can also use the latest cpanminus to install cpanminus itself:
  
      curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
  
  This will install C<cpanm> to your bin directory like
  C</usr/local/bin> (unless you configured C<INSTALL_BASE> with
  L<local::lib>), so you probably need the C<--sudo> option.
  
  =head2 Installing to local perl (perlbrew)
  
  If you have perl in your home directory, which is the case if you use
  tools like L<perlbrew>, you don't need the C<--sudo> option, since
  you're most likely to have a write permission to the perl's library
  path. You can just do:
  
      curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - App::cpanminus
  
  to install the C<cpanm> executable to the perl's bin path, like
  C<~/perl5/perlbrew/bin/cpanm>.
  
  =head2 Downloaing the standalone executable
  
  You can also copy the standalone executable to whatever location you'd like.
  
      cd ~/bin
      curl -LO http://xrl.us/cpanm
      chmod +x cpanm
      # edit shebang if you don't have /usr/bin/env
  
  This just works, but be sure to grab the new version manually when you
  upgrade because C<--self-upgrade> might not work for this.
  
  =head1 DEPENDENCIES
  
  perl 5.8 or later.
  
  =over 4
  
  =item *
  
  'tar' executable (bsdtar or GNU tar version 1.22 are rcommended) or Archive::Tar to unpack files.
  
  =item *
  
  C compiler, if you want to build XS modules.
  
  =item *
  
  make
  
  =item *
  
  Module::Build (core in 5.10)
  
  =back
  
  =head1 QUESTIONS
  
  =head2 Another CPAN installer?
  
  OK, the first motivation was this: the CPAN shell runs out of memory (or swaps
  heavily and gets really slow) on Slicehost/linode's most affordable plan with
  only 256MB RAM. Should I pay more to install perl modules from CPAN? I don't
  think so.
  
  =head2 But why a new client?
  
  First of all, let me be clear that CPAN and CPANPLUS are great tools
  I've used for I<literally> years (you know how many modules I have on
  CPAN, right?). I really respect their efforts of maintaining the most
  important tools in the CPAN toolchain ecosystem.
  
  However, for less experienced users (mostly from outside the Perl community),
  or even really experienced Perl developers who know how to shoot themselves in
  their feet, setting up the CPAN toolchain often feels like yak shaving,
  especially when all they want to do is just install some modules and start
  writing code.
  
  =head2 Zero-conf? How does this module get/parse/update the CPAN index?
  
  It queries the CPAN Meta DB site running on Google AppEngine at
  L<http://cpanmetadb.appspot.com/>. The site is updated every hour to reflect
  the latest changes from fast syncing mirrors. The script then also falls back
  to scrape the site L<http://search.cpan.org/>.
  
  Fetched files are unpacked in C<~/.cpanm> and automatically cleaned up
  periodically.  You can configure the location of this with the
  C<PERL_CPANM_HOME> environment variable.
  
  =head2 Where does this install modules to? Do I need root access?
  
  It installs to wherever ExtUtils::MakeMaker and Module::Build are
  configured to (via C<PERL_MM_OPT> and C<PERL_MB_OPT>). So if you're
  using local::lib, then it installs to your local perl5
  directory. Otherwise it installs to the site_perl directory that
  belongs to your perl.
  
  cpanminus at a boot time checks whether you have configured
  local::lib, or have the permission to install modules to the site_perl
  directory.  If neither, it automatically sets up local::lib compatible
  installation path in a C<perl5> directory under your home
  directory. To avoid this, run the script as the root user, with
  C<--sudo> option or with C<--local-lib> option.
  
  =head2 cpanminus can't install the module XYZ. Is it a bug?
  
  It is more likely a problem with the distribution itself. cpanminus
  doesn't support or is known to have issues with distributions like as
  follows:
  
  =over 4
  
  =item *
  
  Tests that require input from STDIN.
  
  =item *
  
  Tests that might fail when C<AUTOMATED_TESTING> is enabled.
  
  =item *
  
  Modules that have invalid numeric values as VERSION (such as C<1.1a>)
  
  =back
  
  These failures can be reported back to the author of the module so
  that they can fix it accordingly, rather than me.
  
  =head2 Does cpanm support the feature XYZ of L<CPAN> and L<CPANPLUS>?
  
  Most likely not. Here are the things that cpanm doesn't do by
  itself. And it's a feature - you got that from the name I<minus>,
  right?
  
  If you need these features, use L<CPAN>, L<CPANPLUS> or the standalone
  tools that are mentioned.
  
  =over 4
  
  =item *
  
  Bundle:: module dependencies
  
  =item *
  
  CPAN testers reporting
  
  =item *
  
  Building RPM packages from CPAN modules
  
  =item *
  
  Listing the outdated modules that needs upgrading. See L<cpan-outdated>
  
  =item *
  
  Uninstalling modules. See L<pm-uninstall>.
  
  =item *
  
  Showing the changes of the modules you're about to upgrade. See L<cpan-listchanges>
  
  =item *
  
  Patching CPAN modules with distroprefs.
  
  =back
  
  See L<cpanm> or C<cpanm -h> to see what cpanminus I<can> do :)
  
  =head1 COPYRIGHT
  
  Copyright 2010- Tatsuhiko Miyagawa
  
  The standalone executable contains the following modules embedded.
  
  =over 4
  
  =item L<CPAN::DistnameInfo> Copyright 2003 Graham Barr
  
  =item L<Parse::CPAN::Meta> Copyright 2006-2009 Adam Kennedy
  
  =item L<local::lib> Copyright 2007-2009 Matt S Trout
  
  =item L<HTTP::Tiny> Copyright 2011 Christian Hansen
  
  =item L<Module::Metadata> Copyright 2001-2006 Ken Williams. 2010 Matt S Trout
  
  =item L<version> Copyright 2004-2010 John Peacock
  
  =back
  
  =head1 LICENSE
  
  Same as Perl.
  
  =head1 CREDITS
  
  =head2 CONTRIBUTORS
  
  Patches and code improvements were contributed by:
  
  Goro Fuji, Kazuhiro Osawa, Tokuhiro Matsuno, Kenichi Ishigaki, Ian
  Wells, Pedro Melo, Masayoshi Sekimura, Matt S Trout, squeeky, horus
  and Ingy dot Net.
  
  =head2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  
  Bug reports, suggestions and feedbacks were sent by, or general
  acknowledgement goes to:
  
  Jesse Vincent, David Golden, Andreas Koenig, Jos Boumans, Chris
  Williams, Adam Kennedy, Audrey Tang, J. Shirley, Chris Prather, Jesse
  Luehrs, Marcus Ramberg, Shawn M Moore, chocolateboy, Chirs Nehren,
  Jonathan Rockway, Leon Brocard, Simon Elliott, Ricardo Signes, AEvar
  Arnfjord Bjarmason, Eric Wilhelm, Florian Ragwitz and xaicron.
  
  =head1 COMMUNITY
  
  =over 4
  
  =item L<http://github.com/miyagawa/cpanminus> - source code repository, issue tracker
  
  =item L<irc://irc.perl.org/#toolchain> - discussions about Perl toolchain. I'm there.
  
  =back
  
  =head1 NO WARRANTY
  
  This software is provided "as-is," without any express or implied
  warranty. In no event shall the author be held liable for any damages
  arising from the use of the software.
  
  =head1 SEE ALSO
  
  L<CPAN> L<CPANPLUS> L<pip>
  
  =cut
  
  1;
APP_CPANMINUS

$fatpacked{"App/cpanminus/script.pm"} = <<'APP_CPANMINUS_SCRIPT';
  package App::cpanminus::script;
  use strict;
  use Config;
  use Cwd ();
  use File::Basename ();
  use File::Find ();
  use File::Path ();
  use File::Spec ();
  use File::Copy ();
  use Getopt::Long ();
  use Parse::CPAN::Meta;
  use Symbol ();
  
  use constant WIN32 => $^O eq 'MSWin32';
  use constant SUNOS => $^O eq 'solaris';
  
  our $VERSION = "1.4000";
  
  my $quote = WIN32 ? q/"/ : q/'/;
  
  sub new {
      my $class = shift;
  
      bless {
          home => "$ENV{HOME}/.cpanm",
          cmd  => 'install',
          seen => {},
          notest => undef,
          installdeps => undef,
          force => undef,
          sudo => undef,
          make  => undef,
          verbose => undef,
          quiet => undef,
          interactive => undef,
          log => undef,
          mirrors => [],
          mirror_only => undef,
          perl => $^X,
          argv => [],
          local_lib => undef,
          self_contained => undef,
          prompt_timeout => 0,
          prompt => undef,
          configure_timeout => 60,
          try_lwp => 1,
          try_wget => 1,
          try_curl => 1,
          uninstall_shadows => ($] < 5.012),
          skip_installed => 1,
          auto_cleanup => 7, # days
          pod2man => 1,
          installed_dists => 0,
          scandeps => 0,
          scandeps_tree => [],
          format   => 'tree',
          save_dists => undef,
          @_,
      }, $class;
  }
  
  sub env {
      my($self, $key) = @_;
      $ENV{"PERL_CPANM_" . $key};
  }
  
  sub parse_options {
      my $self = shift;
  
      local @ARGV = @{$self->{argv}};
      push @ARGV, split /\s+/, $self->env('OPT');
      push @ARGV, @_;
  
      if ($0 ne '-' && !-t STDIN){ # e.g. $ cpanm < author/requires.cpanm
          push @ARGV, $self->load_argv_from_fh(\*STDIN);
      }
  
      Getopt::Long::Configure("bundling");
      Getopt::Long::GetOptions(
          'f|force'   => sub { $self->{skip_installed} = 0; $self->{force} = 1 },
          'n|notest!' => \$self->{notest},
          'S|sudo!'   => \$self->{sudo},
          'v|verbose' => sub { $self->{verbose} = $self->{interactive} = 1 },
          'q|quiet'   => \$self->{quiet},
          'h|help'    => sub { $self->{action} = 'show_help' },
          'V|version' => sub { $self->{action} = 'show_version' },
          'perl=s'    => \$self->{perl},
          'l|local-lib=s' => sub { $self->{local_lib} = $self->maybe_abs($_[1]) },
          'L|local-lib-contained=s' => sub {
              $self->{local_lib} = $self->maybe_abs($_[1]);
              $self->{self_contained} = 1;
              $self->{pod2man} = undef;
          },
          'mirror=s@' => $self->{mirrors},
          'mirror-only!' => \$self->{mirror_only},
          'prompt!'   => \$self->{prompt},
          'installdeps' => \$self->{installdeps},
          'skip-installed!' => \$self->{skip_installed},
          'reinstall'    => sub { $self->{skip_installed} = 0 },
          'interactive!' => \$self->{interactive},
          'i|install' => sub { $self->{cmd} = 'install' },
          'info'      => sub { $self->{cmd} = 'info' },
          'look'      => sub { $self->{cmd} = 'look'; $self->{skip_installed} = 0 },
          'self-upgrade' => sub { $self->{cmd} = 'install'; $self->{skip_installed} = 1; push @ARGV, 'App::cpanminus' },
          'uninst-shadows!'  => \$self->{uninstall_shadows},
          'lwp!'    => \$self->{try_lwp},
          'wget!'   => \$self->{try_wget},
          'curl!'   => \$self->{try_curl},
          'auto-cleanup=s' => \$self->{auto_cleanup},
          'man-pages!' => \$self->{pod2man},
          'scandeps'   => \$self->{scandeps},
          'format=s'   => \$self->{format},
          'save-dists=s' => sub {
              $self->{save_dists} = $self->maybe_abs($_[1]);
          },
      );
  
      $self->{argv} = \@ARGV;
  }
  
  sub check_libs {
      my $self = shift;
      return if $self->{_checked}++;
  
      $self->bootstrap_local_lib;
      if (@{$self->{bootstrap_deps} || []}) {
          local $self->{notest} = 1; # test failure in bootstrap should be tolerated
          local $self->{scandeps} = 0;
          $self->install_deps(Cwd::cwd, 0, @{$self->{bootstrap_deps}});
      }
  }
  
  sub doit {
      my $self = shift;
  
      $self->setup_home;
      $self->init_tools;
  
      if (my $action = $self->{action}) {
          $self->$action() and return 1;
      }
  
      $self->show_help(1) unless @{$self->{argv}};
  
      $self->configure_mirrors;
  
      my @fail;
      for my $module (@{$self->{argv}}) {
          if ($module =~ s/\.pm$//i) {
              my ($volume, $dirs, $file) = File::Spec->splitpath($module);
              $module = join '::', grep { $_ } File::Spec->splitdir($dirs), $file;
          }
          $self->install_module($module, 0)
              or push @fail, $module;
      }
  
      if ($self->{base} && $self->{auto_cleanup}) {
          $self->cleanup_workdirs;
      }
  
      if ($self->{installed_dists}) {
          my $dists = $self->{installed_dists} > 1 ? "distributions" : "distribution";
          $self->diag("$self->{installed_dists} $dists installed\n", 1);
      }
  
      if ($self->{scandeps}) {
          $self->dump_scandeps();
      }
  
      return !@fail;
  }
  
  sub setup_home {
      my $self = shift;
  
      $self->{home} = $self->env('HOME') if $self->env('HOME');
  
      unless (_writable($self->{home})) {
          die "Can't write to cpanm home '$self->{home}': You should fix it with chown/chmod first.\n";
      }
  
      $self->{base} = "$self->{home}/work/" . time . ".$$";
      File::Path::mkpath([ $self->{base} ], 0, 0777);
  
      my $link = "$self->{home}/latest-build";
      eval { unlink $link; symlink $self->{base}, $link };
  
      $self->{log} = File::Spec->catfile($self->{home}, "build.log"); # because we use shell redirect
  
      {
          my $log = $self->{log}; my $base = $self->{base};
          $self->{at_exit} = sub {
              my $self = shift;
              File::Copy::copy($self->{log}, "$self->{base}/build.log");
          };
      }
  
      open my $out, ">$self->{log}" or die "$self->{log}: $!";
      print $out "cpanm (App::cpanminus) $VERSION on perl $] built for $Config{archname}\n";
      print $out "Work directory is $self->{base}\n";
  }
  
  sub fetch_meta_sco {
      my($self, $dist) = @_;
      return if $self->{mirror_only};
  
      my $meta_yml = $self->get("http://search.cpan.org/meta/$dist->{distvname}/META.yml");
      return $self->parse_meta_string($meta_yml);
  }
  
  sub package_index_for {
      my ($self, $mirror) = @_;
      return $self->source_for($mirror) . "/02packages.details.txt";
  }
  
  sub generate_mirror_index {
      my ($self, $mirror) = @_;
      my $file = $self->package_index_for($mirror);
      my $gz_file = $file . '.gz';
      my $index_mtime = (stat $gz_file)[9];
  
      unless (-e $file && (stat $file)[9] >= $index_mtime) {
          $self->chat("Uncompressing index file...\n");
          if (eval {require Compress::Zlib}) {
              my $gz = Compress::Zlib::gzopen($gz_file, "rb")
                  or do { $self->diag_fail("$Compress::Zlib::gzerrno opening compressed index"); return};
              open my $fh, '>', $file
                  or do { $self->diag_fail("$! opening uncompressed index for write"); return };
              my $buffer;
              while (my $status = $gz->gzread($buffer)) {
                  if ($status < 0) {
                      $self->diag_fail($gz->gzerror . " reading compressed index");
                      return;
                  }
                  print $fh $buffer;
              }
          } else {
              unless (system("gunzip -c $gz_file > $file")) {
                  $self->diag_fail("Cannot uncompress -- please install gunzip or Compress::Zlib");
                  return;
              }
          }
          utime $index_mtime, $index_mtime, $file;
      }
      return 1;
  }
  
  sub search_mirror_index {
      my ($self, $mirror, $module) = @_;
  
      open my $fh, '<', $self->package_index_for($mirror) or return;
      while (<$fh>) {
          if (m!^\Q$module\E\s+([\w\.]+)\s+(.*)!m) {
              return $self->cpan_module($module, $2, $1);
          }
      }
  
      return;
  }
  
  sub search_module {
      my($self, $module) = @_;
  
      unless ($self->{mirror_only}) {
          $self->chat("Searching $module on cpanmetadb ...\n");
          my $uri  = "http://cpanmetadb.appspot.com/v1.0/package/$module";
          my $yaml = $self->get($uri);
          my $meta = $self->parse_meta_string($yaml);
          if ($meta->{distfile}) {
              return $self->cpan_module($module, $meta->{distfile}, $meta->{version});
          }
  
          $self->diag_fail("Finding $module on cpanmetadb failed.");
  
          $self->chat("Searching $module on search.cpan.org ...\n");
          my $uri  = "http://search.cpan.org/perldoc?$module";
          my $html = $self->get($uri);
          $html =~ m!<a href="/CPAN/authors/id/(.*?\.(?:tar\.gz|tgz|tar\.bz2|zip))">!
              and return $self->cpan_module($module, $1);
  
          $self->diag_fail("Finding $module on search.cpan.org failed.");
      }
  
      MIRROR: for my $mirror (@{ $self->{mirrors} }) {
          $self->chat("Searching $module on mirror $mirror ...\n");
          my $name = '02packages.details.txt.gz';
          my $uri  = "$mirror/modules/$name";
          my $gz_file = $self->package_index_for($mirror) . '.gz';
  
          unless ($self->{pkgs}{$uri}) {
              $self->chat("Downloading index file $uri ...\n");
              $self->mirror($uri, $gz_file);
              $self->generate_mirror_index($mirror) or next MIRROR;
              $self->{pkgs}{$uri} = "!!retrieved!!";
          }
  
          my $pkg = $self->search_mirror_index($mirror, $module);
          return $pkg if $pkg;
  
          $self->diag_fail("Finding $module on mirror $mirror failed.");
      }
  
      return;
  }
  
  sub source_for {
      my($self, $mirror) = @_;
      $mirror =~ s/[^\w\.\-]+/%/g;
  
      my $dir = "$self->{home}/sources/$mirror";
      File::Path::mkpath([ $dir ], 0, 0777);
  
      return $dir;
  }
  
  sub load_argv_from_fh {
      my($self, $fh) = @_;
  
      my @argv;
      while(defined(my $line = <$fh>)){
          chomp $line;
          $line =~ s/#.+$//; # comment
          $line =~ s/^\s+//; # trim spaces
          $line =~ s/\s+$//; # trim spaces
  
          push @argv, split ' ', $line if $line;
      }
      return @argv;
  }
  
  sub show_version {
      print "cpanm (App::cpanminus) version $VERSION\n";
      return 1;
  }
  
  sub show_help {
      my $self = shift;
  
      if ($_[0]) {
          die <<USAGE;
  Usage: cpanm [options] Module [...]
  
  Try `cpanm --help` or `man cpanm` for more options.
  USAGE
      }
  
      print <<HELP;
  Usage: cpanm [options] Module [...]
  
  Options:
    -v,--verbose              Turns on chatty output
    -q,--quiet                Turns off the most output
    --interactive             Turns on interactive configure (required for Task:: modules)
    -f,--force                force install
    -n,--notest               Do not run unit tests
    -S,--sudo                 sudo to run install commands
    --installdeps             Only install dependencies
    --reinstall               Reinstall the distribution even if you already have the latest version installed
    --mirror                  Specify the base URL for the mirror (e.g. http://cpan.cpantesters.org/)
    --mirror-only             Use the mirror's index file instead of the CPAN Meta DB
    --prompt                  Prompt when configure/build/test fails
    -l,--local-lib            Specify the install base to install modules
    -L,--local-lib-contained  Specify the install base to install all non-core modules
    --auto-cleanup            Number of days that cpanm's work directories expire in. Defaults to 7
  
  Commands:
    --self-upgrade            upgrades itself
    --info                    Displays distribution info on CPAN
    --look                    Opens the distribution with your SHELL
    -V,--version              Displays software version
  
  Examples:
  
    cpanm Test::More                                          # install Test::More
    cpanm MIYAGAWA/Plack-0.99_05.tar.gz                       # full distribution path
    cpanm http://example.org/LDS/CGI.pm-3.20.tar.gz           # install from URL
    cpanm ~/dists/MyCompany-Enterprise-1.00.tar.gz            # install from a local file
    cpanm --interactive Task::Kensho                          # Configure interactively
    cpanm .                                                   # install from local directory
    cpanm --installdeps .                                     # install all the deps for the current directory
    cpanm -L extlib Plack                                     # install Plack and all non-core deps into extlib
    cpanm --mirror http://cpan.cpantesters.org/ DBI           # use the fast-syncing mirror
  
  You can also specify the default options in PERL_CPANM_OPT environment variable in the shell rc:
  
    export PERL_CPANM_OPT="--prompt --reinstall -l ~/perl --mirror http://cpan.cpantesters.org"
  
  Type `man cpanm` or `perldoc cpanm` for the more detailed explanation of the options.
  
  HELP
  
      return 1;
  }
  
  sub _writable {
      my $dir = shift;
      my @dir = File::Spec->splitdir($dir);
      while (@dir) {
          $dir = File::Spec->catdir(@dir);
          if (-e $dir) {
              return -w _;
          }
          pop @dir;
      }
  
      return;
  }
  
  sub maybe_abs {
      my($self, $lib) = @_;
      $lib =~ /^[~\/]/ ? $lib : Cwd::abs_path($lib);
  }
  
  sub bootstrap_local_lib {
      my $self = shift;
  
      # If -l is specified, use that.
      if ($self->{local_lib}) {
          return $self->setup_local_lib($self->{local_lib});
      }
  
      # root, locally-installed perl or --sudo: don't care about install_base
      return if $self->{sudo} or (_writable($Config{installsitelib}) and _writable($Config{installsitebin}));
  
      # local::lib is configured in the shell -- yay
      if ($ENV{PERL_MM_OPT} and ($ENV{MODULEBUILDRC} or $ENV{PERL_MB_OPT})) {
          $self->bootstrap_local_lib_deps;
          return;
      }
  
      $self->setup_local_lib;
  
      $self->diag(<<DIAG);
  !
  ! Can't write to $Config{installsitelib} and $Config{installsitebin}: Installing modules to $ENV{HOME}/perl5
  ! To turn off this warning, you have to do one of the following:
  !   - run me as a root or with --sudo option (to install to $Config{installsitelib} and $Config{installsitebin})
  |   - run me with --local-lib option e.g. cpanm --local-lib=~/perl5
  !   - Set PERL_CPANM_OPT="--local-lib=~/perl5" environment variable (in your shell rc file)
  !   - Configure local::lib in your shell to set PERL_MM_OPT etc.
  !
  DIAG
      sleep 2;
  }
  
  sub _core_only_inc {
      my($self, $base) = @_;
      require local::lib;
      (
          local::lib->install_base_perl_path($base),
          local::lib->install_base_arch_path($base),
          @Config{qw(privlibexp archlibexp)},
      );
  }
  
  sub _dump_inc {
      my($self, $inc, $std_inc) = @_;
  
      # $self->{base} for ModuleBuildPatch.pm, . for inc/Module/Install.pm
      my @new_inc     = map { qq('$_') } (@$inc, $self->{base}, '.');
      my @exclude_inc = map { qq('$_') } grep { $_ ne '.' && !ref } $self->_diff($inc, $std_inc);
  
      open my $out, ">$self->{base}/DumpedINC.pm" or die $!;
      local $" = ",";
      print $out <<EOF;
  package DumpedINC;
  my \%exclude = map { \$_ => 1 } (@exclude_inc);
  sub import {
    if (\$_[1] eq "tests") {
      \@INC = grep !\$exclude{\$_}, \@INC;
    } else {
      \@INC = (@new_inc);
    }
  }
  1;
  EOF
  }
  
  sub _diff {
      my($self, $old, $new) = @_;
  
      my @diff;
      my %old = map { $_ => 1 } @$old;
      for my $n (@$new) {
          push @diff, $n unless exists $old{$n};
      }
  
      @diff;
  }
  
  sub _import_local_lib {
      my($self, @args) = @_;
      local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { }; # catch 'Attempting to write ...'
      local::lib->import(@args);
  }
  
  sub setup_local_lib {
      my($self, $base) = @_;
  
      require local::lib;
      {
          local $0 = 'cpanm'; # so curl/wget | perl works
          $base ||= "~/perl5";
          if ($self->{self_contained}) {
              my @inc = $self->_core_only_inc($base);
              $self->_dump_inc(\@inc, \@INC);
              $self->{search_inc} = [ @inc ];
          }
          $self->_import_local_lib($base);
      }
  
      $self->bootstrap_local_lib_deps;
  }
  
  sub bootstrap_local_lib_deps {
      my $self = shift;
      push @{$self->{bootstrap_deps}},
          'ExtUtils::MakeMaker' => 6.31,
          'ExtUtils::Install'   => 1.46,
          'Module::Build'       => 0.36;
  }
  
  sub prompt_bool {
      my($self, $mess, $def) = @_;
  
      my $val = $self->prompt($mess, $def);
      return lc $val eq 'y';
  }
  
  sub prompt {
      my($self, $mess, $def) = @_;
  
      my $isa_tty = -t STDIN && (-t STDOUT || !(-f STDOUT || -c STDOUT)) ;
      my $dispdef = defined $def ? "[$def] " : " ";
      $def = defined $def ? $def : "";
  
      if ($self->{quiet} || !$self->{prompt} || (!$isa_tty && eof STDIN)) {
          return $def;
      }
  
      local $|=1;
      local $\;
      my $ans;
      eval {
          local $SIG{ALRM} = sub { undef $ans; die "alarm\n" };
          print STDOUT "$mess $dispdef";
          alarm $self->{prompt_timeout} if $self->{prompt_timeout};
          $ans = <STDIN>;
          alarm 0;
      };
      if ( defined $ans ) {
          chomp $ans;
      } else { # user hit ctrl-D or alarm timeout
          print STDOUT "\n";
      }
  
      return (!defined $ans || $ans eq '') ? $def : $ans;
  }
  
  sub diag_ok {
      my($self, $msg) = @_;
      chomp $msg;
      $msg ||= "OK";
      if ($self->{in_progress}) {
          $self->_diag("$msg\n");
          $self->{in_progress} = 0;
      }
      $self->log("-> $msg\n");
  }
  
  sub diag_fail {
      my($self, $msg, $always) = @_;
      chomp $msg;
      if ($self->{in_progress}) {
          $self->_diag("FAIL\n");
          $self->{in_progress} = 0;
      }
  
      if ($msg) {
          $self->_diag("! $msg\n", $always);
          $self->log("-> FAIL $msg\n");
      }
  }
  
  sub diag_progress {
      my($self, $msg) = @_;
      chomp $msg;
      $self->{in_progress} = 1;
      $self->_diag("$msg ... ");
      $self->log("$msg\n");
  }
  
  sub _diag {
      my($self, $msg, $always) = @_;
      print STDERR $msg if $always or $self->{verbose} or !$self->{quiet};
  }
  
  sub diag {
      my($self, $msg, $always) = @_;
      $self->_diag($msg, $always);
      $self->log($msg);
  }
  
  sub chat {
      my $self = shift;
      print STDERR @_ if $self->{verbose};
      $self->log(@_);
  }
  
  sub log {
      my $self = shift;
      open my $out, ">>$self->{log}";
      print $out @_;
  }
  
  sub run {
      my($self, $cmd) = @_;
  
      if (WIN32 && ref $cmd eq 'ARRAY') {
          $cmd = join q{ }, map { $self->shell_quote($_) } @$cmd;
      }
  
      if (ref $cmd eq 'ARRAY') {
          my $pid = fork;
          if ($pid) {
              waitpid $pid, 0;
              return !$?;
          } else {
              $self->run_exec($cmd);
          }
      } else {
          unless ($self->{verbose}) {
              $cmd .= " >> " . $self->shell_quote($self->{log}) . " 2>&1";
          }
          !system $cmd;
      }
  }
  
  sub run_exec {
      my($self, $cmd) = @_;
  
      if (ref $cmd eq 'ARRAY') {
          unless ($self->{verbose}) {
              open my $logfh, ">>", $self->{log};
              open STDERR, '>&', $logfh;
              open STDOUT, '>&', $logfh;
              close $logfh;
          }
          exec @$cmd;
      } else {
          unless ($self->{verbose}) {
              $cmd .= " >> " . $self->shell_quote($self->{log}) . " 2>&1";
          }
          exec $cmd;
      }
  }
  
  sub run_timeout {
      my($self, $cmd, $timeout) = @_;
      return $self->run($cmd) if WIN32 || $self->{verbose} || !$timeout;
  
      my $pid = fork;
      if ($pid) {
          eval {
              local $SIG{ALRM} = sub { die "alarm\n" };
              alarm $timeout;
              waitpid $pid, 0;
              alarm 0;
          };
          if ($@ && $@ eq "alarm\n") {
              $self->diag_fail("Timed out (> ${timeout}s). Use --verbose to retry.");
              local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
              kill TERM => 0;
              waitpid $pid, 0;
              return;
          }
          return !$?;
      } elsif ($pid == 0) {
          $self->run_exec($cmd);
      } else {
          $self->chat("! fork failed: falling back to system()\n");
          $self->run($cmd);
      }
  }
  
  sub configure {
      my($self, $cmd) = @_;
  
      # trick AutoInstall
      local $ENV{PERL5_CPAN_IS_RUNNING} = local $ENV{PERL5_CPANPLUS_IS_RUNNING} = $$;
  
      # e.g. skip CPAN configuration on local::lib
      local $ENV{PERL5_CPANM_IS_RUNNING} = $$;
  
      my $use_default = !$self->{interactive};
      local $ENV{PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT} = $use_default;
  
      # skip man page generation
      local $ENV{PERL_MM_OPT} = $ENV{PERL_MM_OPT};
      unless ($self->{pod2man}) {
          $ENV{PERL_MM_OPT} .= " INSTALLMAN1DIR=none INSTALLMAN3DIR=none";
      }
  
      local $self->{verbose} = $self->{verbose} || $self->{interactive};
      $self->run_timeout($cmd, $self->{configure_timeout});
  }
  
  sub build {
      my($self, $cmd, $distname) = @_;
  
      return 1 if $self->run_timeout($cmd, $self->{build_timeout});
      while (1) {
          my $ans = lc $self->prompt("Building $distname failed.\nYou can s)kip, r)etry or l)ook ?", "s");
          return                               if $ans eq 's';
          return $self->build($cmd, $distname) if $ans eq 'r';
          $self->look                          if $ans eq 'l';
      }
  }
  
  sub test {
      my($self, $cmd, $distname) = @_;
      return 1 if $self->{notest};
  
      # http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2009/10/msg152656.html
      local $ENV{AUTOMATED_TESTING} = 1
          unless $self->env('NO_AUTOMATED_TESTING');
  
     local $ENV{PERL5OPT} = "-I$self->{base} -MDumpedINC=tests"
          if $self->{self_contained};
  
      return 1 if $self->run_timeout($cmd, $self->{test_timeout});
      if ($self->{force}) {
          $self->diag_fail("Testing $distname failed but installing it anyway.");
          return 1;
      } else {
          $self->diag_fail;
          while (1) {
              my $ans = lc $self->prompt("Testing $distname failed.\nYou can s)kip, r)etry, f)orce install or l)ook ?", "s");
              return                              if $ans eq 's';
              return $self->test($cmd, $distname) if $ans eq 'r';
              return 1                            if $ans eq 'f';
              $self->look                         if $ans eq 'l';
          }
      }
  }
  
  sub install {
      my($self, $cmd, $uninst_opts) = @_;
  
      if ($self->{sudo}) {
          unshift @$cmd, "sudo";
      }
  
      if ($self->{uninstall_shadows} && !$ENV{PERL_MM_OPT}) {
          push @$cmd, @$uninst_opts;
      }
  
      $self->run($cmd);
  }
  
  sub look {
      my $self = shift;
  
      my $shell = $ENV{SHELL};
      $shell  ||= $ENV{COMSPEC} if WIN32;
      if ($shell) {
          my $cwd = Cwd::cwd;
          $self->diag("Entering $cwd with $shell\n");
          system $shell;
      } else {
          $self->diag_fail("You don't seem to have a SHELL :/");
      }
  }
  
  sub chdir {
      my $self = shift;
      chdir(File::Spec->canonpath($_[0])) or die "$_[0]: $!";
  }
  
  sub configure_mirrors {
      my $self = shift;
      unless (@{$self->{mirrors}}) {
          $self->{mirrors} = [ 'http://search.cpan.org/CPAN' ];
      }
      for (@{$self->{mirrors}}) {
          s!^/!file:///!;
          s!/$!!;
      }
  }
  
  sub self_upgrade {
      my $self = shift;
      $self->{argv} = [ 'App::cpanminus' ];
      return; # continue
  }
  
  sub install_module {
      my($self, $module, $depth) = @_;
  
      if ($self->{seen}{$module}++) {
          $self->chat("Already tried $module. Skipping.\n");
          return 1;
      }
  
      my $dist = $self->resolve_name($module);
      unless ($dist) {
          $self->diag_fail("Couldn't find module or a distribution $module", 1);
          return;
      }
  
      if ($dist->{distvname} && $self->{seen}{$dist->{distvname}}++) {
          $self->chat("Already tried $dist->{distvname}. Skipping.\n");
          return 1;
      }
  
      if ($self->{cmd} eq 'info') {
          print $self->format_dist($dist), "\n";
          return 1;
      }
  
      $self->check_libs;
      $self->setup_module_build_patch unless $self->{pod2man};
  
      if ($dist->{module}) {
          my($ok, $local) = $self->check_module($dist->{module}, $dist->{module_version} || 0);
          if ($self->{skip_installed} && $ok) {
              $self->diag("$dist->{module} is up to date. ($local)\n", 1);
              return 1;
          }
      }
  
      if ($dist->{dist} eq 'perl'){
          $self->diag("skipping $dist->{pathname}\n");
          return 1;
      }
  
      $self->diag("--> Working on $module\n");
  
      $dist->{dir} ||= $self->fetch_module($dist);
  
      unless ($dist->{dir}) {
          $self->diag_fail("Failed to fetch distribution $dist->{distvname}", 1);
          return;
      }
  
      $self->chat("Entering $dist->{dir}\n");
      $self->chdir($self->{base});
      $self->chdir($dist->{dir});
  
      if ($self->{cmd} eq 'look') {
          $self->look;
          return 1;
      }
  
      return $self->build_stuff($module, $dist, $depth);
  }
  
  sub format_dist {
      my($self, $dist) = @_;
  
      # TODO support --dist-format?
      return "$dist->{cpanid}/$dist->{filename}";
  }
  
  sub fetch_module {
      my($self, $dist) = @_;
  
      $self->chdir($self->{base});
  
      for my $uri (@{$dist->{uris}}) {
          $self->diag_progress("Fetching $uri");
  
          # Ugh, $dist->{filename} can contain sub directory
          my $filename = $dist->{filename} || $uri;
          my $name = File::Basename::basename($filename);
  
          my $cancelled;
          my $fetch = sub {
              my $file;
              eval {
                  local $SIG{INT} = sub { $cancelled = 1; die "SIGINT\n" };
                  $self->mirror($uri, $name);
                  $file = $name if -e $name;
              };
              $self->chat("$@") if $@ && $@ ne "SIGINT\n";
              return $file;
          };
  
          my($try, $file);
          while ($try++ < 3) {
              $file = $fetch->();
              last if $cancelled or $file;
              $self->diag_fail("Download $uri failed. Retrying ... ");
          }
  
          if ($cancelled) {
              $self->diag_fail("Download cancelled.");
              return;
          }
  
          unless ($file) {
              $self->diag_fail("Failed to download $uri");
              next;
          }
  
          $self->diag_ok;
          $dist->{local_path} = File::Spec->rel2abs($name);
  
          my $dir = $self->unpack($file);
          next unless $dir; # unpack failed
  
          if (my $save = $self->{save_dists}) {
              my $path = "$save/authors/id/$dist->{pathname}";
              $self->chat("Copying $name to $path\n");
              File::Path::mkpath([ File::Basename::dirname($path) ], 0, 0777);
              File::Copy::copy($file, $path) or warn $!;
          }
  
          return $dist, $dir;
      }
  }
  
  sub unpack {
      my($self, $file) = @_;
      $self->chat("Unpacking $file\n");
      my $dir = $file =~ /\.zip/i ? $self->unzip($file) : $self->untar($file);
      unless ($dir) {
          $self->diag_fail("Failed to unpack $file: no directory");
      }
      return $dir;
  }
  
  sub resolve_name {
      my($self, $module) = @_;
  
      # URL
      if ($module =~ /^(ftp|https?|file):/) {
          if ($module =~ m!authors/id/!) {
              return $self->cpan_dist($module, $module);
          } else {
              return { uris => [ $module ] };
          }
      }
  
      # Directory
      if ($module =~ m!^[\./]! && -d $module) {
          return {
              source => 'local',
              dir => Cwd::abs_path($module),
          };
      }
  
      # File
      if (-f $module) {
          return {
              source => 'local',
              uris => [ "file://" . Cwd::abs_path($module) ],
          };
      }
  
      # cpan URI
      if ($module =~ s!^cpan:///distfile/!!) {
          return $self->cpan_dist($module);
      }
  
      # PAUSEID/foo
      if ($module =~ m!([A-Z]{3,})/!) {
          return $self->cpan_dist($module);
      }
  
      # Module name
      return $self->search_module($module);
  }
  
  sub cpan_module {
      my($self, $module, $dist, $version) = @_;
  
      my $dist = $self->cpan_dist($dist);
      $dist->{module} = $module;
      $dist->{module_version} = $version if $version && $version ne 'undef';
  
      return $dist;
  }
  
  sub cpan_dist {
      my($self, $dist, $url) = @_;
  
      $dist =~ s!^([A-Z]{3})!substr($1,0,1)."/".substr($1,0,2)."/".$1!e;
  
      require CPAN::DistnameInfo;
      my $d = CPAN::DistnameInfo->new($dist);
  
      if ($url) {
          $url = [ $url ] unless ref $url eq 'ARRAY';
      } else {
          my $id = $d->cpanid;
          my $fn = substr($id, 0, 1) . "/" . substr($id, 0, 2) . "/" . $id . "/" . $d->filename;
  
          my @mirrors = @{$self->{mirrors}};
          my @urls    = map "$_/authors/id/$fn", @mirrors;
  
          $url = \@urls,
      }
  
      return {
          $d->properties,
          source  => 'cpan',
          uris    => $url,
      };
  }
  
  sub setup_module_build_patch {
      my $self = shift;
  
      open my $out, ">$self->{base}/ModuleBuildSkipMan.pm" or die $!;
      print $out <<EOF;
  package ModuleBuildSkipMan;
  sub import {
    use Module::Build;
    no warnings qw'redefine';
    sub Module::Build::Base::ACTION_manpages {}
    sub Module::Build::Base::ACTION_docs     {}
  }
  1;
  EOF
  }
  
  sub check_module {
      my($self, $mod, $want_ver) = @_;
  
      require Module::Metadata;
      my $meta = Module::Metadata->new_from_module($mod, inc => $self->{search_inc})
          or return 0, undef;
  
      my $version = $meta->version;
  
      # When -L is in use, the version loaded from 'perl' library path
      # might be newer than the version that is shipped with the current perl
      if ($self->{self_contained} && $self->loaded_from_perl_lib($meta)) {
          require Module::CoreList;
          my $core_version = $Module::CoreList::version{$]+0}{$mod};
  
          # HACK: Module::Build 0.3622 or later has non-core module
          # dependencies such as Perl::OSType and CPAN::Meta, and causes
          # issues when a newer version is loaded from 'perl' while deps
          # are loaded from the 'site' library path. Just assume it's
          # not in the core, and install to the new local library path.
          if ($mod eq 'Module::Build' && $core_version != $version) {
              return 0, undef;
          }
  
          $version = $core_version;
      }
  
      $self->{local_versions}{$mod} = $version;
  
      if ($self->is_deprecated($meta)){
          return 0, $version;
      } elsif (!$want_ver or $version >= version->new($want_ver)) {
          return 1, ($version || 'undef');
      } else {
          return 0, $version;
      }
  }
  
  sub is_deprecated {
      my($self, $meta) = @_;
  
      my $deprecated = eval {
          require Module::CoreList;
          Module::CoreList::is_deprecated($meta->{module});
      };
  
      return unless $deprecated;
      return $self->loaded_from_perl_lib($meta);
  }
  
  sub loaded_from_perl_lib {
      my($self, $meta) = @_;
  
      require Config;
      for my $dir (qw(archlibexp privlibexp)) {
          my $confdir = $Config{$dir};
          if ($confdir eq substr($meta->filename, 0, length($confdir))) {
              return 1;
          }
      }
  
      return;
  }
  
  sub should_install {
      my($self, $mod, $ver) = @_;
  
      $self->chat("Checking if you have $mod $ver ... ");
      my($ok, $local) = $self->check_module($mod, $ver);
  
      if ($ok)       { $self->chat("Yes ($local)\n") }
      elsif ($local) { $self->chat("No ($local < $ver)\n") }
      else           { $self->chat("No\n") }
  
      return $mod unless $ok;
      return;
  }
  
  sub install_deps {
      my($self, $dir, $depth, @deps) = @_;
  
      my(@install, %seen);
      while (my($mod, $ver) = splice @deps, 0, 2) {
          next if $seen{$mod} or $mod eq 'perl' or $mod eq 'Config';
          if ($self->should_install($mod, $ver)) {
              push @install, $mod;
              $seen{$mod} = 1;
          }
      }
  
      if (@install) {
          $self->diag("==> Found dependencies: " . join(", ", @install) . "\n");
      }
  
      my @fail;
      for my $mod (@install) {
          $self->install_module($mod, $depth + 1)
              or push @fail, $mod;
      }
  
      $self->chdir($self->{base});
      $self->chdir($dir) if $dir;
  
      return @fail;
  }
  
  sub install_deps_bailout {
      my($self, $target, $dir, $depth, @deps) = @_;
  
      my @fail = $self->install_deps($dir, $depth, @deps);
      if (@fail) {
          unless ($self->prompt_bool("Installing the following dependencies failed:\n==> " .
                                     join(", ", @fail) . "\nDo you want to continue building $target anyway?", "n")) {
              $self->diag_fail("Bailing out the installation for $target. Retry with --prompt or --force.", 1);
              return;
          }
      }
  
      return 1;
  }
  
  sub build_stuff {
      my($self, $stuff, $dist, $depth) = @_;
  
      my @config_deps;
      if (!%{$dist->{meta} || {}} && -e 'META.yml') {
          $self->chat("Checking configure dependencies from META.yml\n");
          $dist->{meta} = $self->parse_meta('META.yml');
      }
  
      if (!$dist->{meta} && $dist->{source} eq 'cpan') {
          $self->chat("META.yml not found or unparsable. Fetching META.yml from search.cpan.org\n");
          $dist->{meta} = $self->fetch_meta_sco($dist);
      }
  
      push @config_deps, %{$dist->{meta}{configure_requires} || {}};
  
      my $target = $dist->{meta}{name} ? "$dist->{meta}{name}-$dist->{meta}{version}" : $dist->{dir};
  
      $self->install_deps_bailout($target, $dist->{dir}, $depth, @config_deps)
          or return;
  
      $self->diag_progress("Configuring $target");
  
      my $configure_state = $self->configure_this($dist);
  
      $self->diag_ok($configure_state->{configured_ok} ? "OK" : "N/A");
  
      my @deps = $self->find_prereqs($dist);
  
      my $distname = $dist->{meta}{name} ? "$dist->{meta}{name}-$dist->{meta}{version}" : $stuff;
  
      my $walkup;
      if ($self->{scandeps}) {
          $walkup = $self->scandeps_append_child($dist);
      }
  
      $self->install_deps_bailout($distname, $dist->{dir}, $depth, @deps)
          or return;
  
      if ($self->{scandeps}) {
          $walkup->();
          return 1;
      }
  
      if ($self->{installdeps} && $depth == 0) {
          $self->diag("<== Installed dependencies for $stuff. Finishing.\n");
          return 1;
      }
  
      my $installed;
      if ($configure_state->{use_module_build} && -e 'Build' && -f _) {
          my @switches = $self->{pod2man} ? () : ("-I$self->{base}", "-MModuleBuildSkipMan");
          $self->diag_progress("Building " . ($self->{notest} ? "" : "and testing ") . $distname);
          $self->build([ $self->{perl}, @switches, "./Build" ], $distname) &&
          $self->test([ $self->{perl}, "./Build", "test" ], $distname) &&
          $self->install([ $self->{perl}, @switches, "./Build", "install" ], [ "--uninst", 1 ]) &&
          $installed++;
      } elsif ($self->{make} && -e 'Makefile') {
          $self->diag_progress("Building " . ($self->{notest} ? "" : "and testing ") . $distname);
          $self->build([ $self->{make} ], $distname) &&
          $self->test([ $self->{make}, "test" ], $distname) &&
          $self->install([ $self->{make}, "install" ], [ "UNINST=1" ]) &&
          $installed++;
      } else {
          my $why;
          my $configure_failed = $configure_state->{configured} && !$configure_state->{configured_ok};
          if ($configure_failed) { $why = "Configure failed for $distname." }
          elsif ($self->{make})  { $why = "The distribution doesn't have a proper Makefile.PL/Build.PL" }
          else                   { $why = "Can't configure the distribution. You probably need to have 'make'." }
  
          $self->diag_fail("$why See $self->{log} for details.", 1);
          return;
      }
  
      if ($installed) {
          my $local   = $self->{local_versions}{$dist->{module} || ''};
          my $version = $dist->{module_version} || $dist->{meta}{version} || $dist->{version};
          my $reinstall = $local && ($local eq $version);
  
          my $how = $reinstall ? "reinstalled $distname"
                  : $local     ? "installed $distname (upgraded from $local)"
                               : "installed $distname" ;
          my $msg = "Successfully $how";
          $self->diag_ok;
          $self->diag("$msg\n", 1);
          $self->{installed_dists}++;
          return 1;
      } else {
          my $msg = "Building $distname failed";
          $self->diag_fail("Installing $stuff failed. See $self->{log} for details.", 1);
          return;
      }
  }
  
  sub configure_this {
      my($self, $dist) = @_;
  
      my @switches;
      @switches = ("-I$self->{base}", "-MDumpedINC") if $self->{self_contained};
      local $ENV{PERL5LIB} = ''                      if $self->{self_contained};
  
      my @mb_switches = @switches;
      unless ($self->{pod2man}) {
          # it has to be push, so Module::Build is loaded from the adjusted path when -L is in use
          push @mb_switches, ("-I$self->{base}", "-MModuleBuildSkipMan");
      }
  
      my $state = {};
  
      my $try_eumm = sub {
          if (-e 'Makefile.PL') {
              $self->chat("Running Makefile.PL\n");
              local $ENV{X_MYMETA} = 'YAML';
  
              # NOTE: according to Devel::CheckLib, most XS modules exit
              # with 0 even if header files are missing, to avoid receiving
              # tons of FAIL reports in such cases. So exit code can't be
              # trusted if it went well.
              if ($self->configure([ $self->{perl}, @switches, "Makefile.PL" ])) {
                  $state->{configured_ok} = -e 'Makefile';
              }
              $state->{configured}++;
          }
      };
  
      my $try_mb = sub {
          if (-e 'Build.PL') {
              $self->chat("Running Build.PL\n");
              if ($self->configure([ $self->{perl}, @mb_switches, "Build.PL" ])) {
                  $state->{configured_ok} = -e 'Build' && -f _;
              }
              $state->{use_module_build}++;
              $state->{configured}++;
          }
      };
  
      # Module::Build deps should use MakeMaker because that causes circular deps and fail
      # Otherwise we should prefer Build.PL
      my %should_use_mm = map { $_ => 1 } qw( version ExtUtils-ParseXS ExtUtils-Install ExtUtils-Manifest );
  
      my @try;
      if ($dist->{dist} && $should_use_mm{$dist->{dist}}) {
          @try = ($try_eumm, $try_mb);
      } else {
          @try = ($try_mb, $try_eumm);
      }
  
      for my $try (@try) {
          $try->();
          last if $state->{configured_ok};
      }
  
      unless ($state->{configured_ok}) {
          while (1) {
              my $ans = lc $self->prompt("Configuring $dist->{dist} failed.\nYou can s)kip, r)etry or l)ook ?", "s");
              last                                if $ans eq 's';
              return $self->configure_this($dist) if $ans eq 'r';
              $self->look                         if $ans eq 'l';
          }
      }
  
      return $state;
  }
  
  sub safe_eval {
      my($self, $code) = @_;
      eval $code;
  }
  
  sub find_prereqs {
      my($self, $dist) = @_;
  
      my @deps;
      if ($dist->{module} =~ /^Bundle::/i) {
          push @deps, $self->bundle_deps($dist);
      }
  
      my $meta = $dist->{meta};
      if (-e 'MYMETA.yml') {
          $self->chat("Checking dependencies from MYMETA.yml ...\n");
          my $mymeta = $self->parse_meta('MYMETA.yml');
          @deps = $self->extract_requires($mymeta);
          $meta->{$_} = $mymeta->{$_} for keys %$mymeta; # merge
      } elsif (-e '_build/prereqs') {
          $self->chat("Checking dependencies from _build/prereqs ...\n");
          my $mymeta = do { open my $in, "_build/prereqs"; $self->safe_eval(join "", <$in>) };
          @deps = $self->extract_requires($mymeta);
      }
  
      if (-e 'Makefile') {
          $self->chat("Finding PREREQ from Makefile ...\n");
          open my $mf, "Makefile";
          while (<$mf>) {
              if (/^\#\s+PREREQ_PM => {\s*(.*?)\s*}/) {
                  my @all;
                  my @pairs = split ', ', $1;
                  for (@pairs) {
                      my ($pkg, $v) = split '=>', $_;
                      push @all, [ $pkg, $v ];
                  }
                  my $list = join ", ", map { "'$_->[0]' => $_->[1]" } @all;
                  my $prereq = $self->safe_eval("no strict; +{ $list }");
                  push @deps, %$prereq if $prereq;
                  last;
              }
          }
      }
  
      # No need to remove, but this gets in the way of signature testing :/
      unlink $_ for qw(MYMETA.json MYMETA.yml);
  
      return @deps;
  }
  
  sub bundle_deps {
      my($self, $dist) = @_;
  
      my @files;
      File::Find::find({
          wanted => sub { push @files, File::Spec->rel2abs($_) if /\.pm/i },
          no_chdir => 1,
      }, '.');
  
      my @deps;
  
      for my $file (@files) {
          open my $pod, "<", $file or next;
          my $in_contents;
          while (<$pod>) {
              if (/^=head\d\s+CONTENTS/) {
                  $in_contents = 1;
              } elsif (/^=/) {
                  $in_contents = 0;
              } elsif ($in_contents) {
                  /^(\S+)\s*(\S+)?/
                      and push @deps, $1, $self->maybe_version($2);
              }
          }
      }
  
      return @deps;
  }
  
  sub maybe_version {
      my($self, $string) = @_;
      return $string && $string =~ /^\.?\d/ ? $string : undef;
  }
  
  sub extract_requires {
      my($self, $meta) = @_;
  
      my @deps;
      push @deps, %{$meta->{requires}} if $meta->{requires};
      push @deps, %{$meta->{build_requires}} if $meta->{build_requires};
  
      return @deps;
  }
  
  sub cleanup_workdirs {
      my $self = shift;
  
      my $expire = time - 24 * 60 * 60 * $self->{auto_cleanup};
      my @targets;
  
      opendir my $dh, "$self->{home}/work";
      while (my $e = readdir $dh) {
          next if $e !~ /^(\d+)\.\d+$/; # {UNIX time}.{PID}
          my $time = $1;
          if ($time < $expire) {
              push @targets, "$self->{home}/work/$e";
          }
      }
  
      if (@targets) {
          $self->chat("Expiring ", scalar(@targets), " work directories.\n");
          File::Path::rmtree(\@targets, 0, 0); # safe = 0, since blib usually doesn't have write bits
      }
  }
  
  sub scandeps_append_child {
      my($self, $dist) = @_;
  
      my $new_node = [ $dist, [] ];
  
      my $curr_node = $self->{scandeps_current} || [ undef, $self->{scandeps_tree} ];
      push @{$curr_node->[1]}, $new_node;
  
      $self->{scandeps_current} = $new_node;
  
      return sub { $self->{scandeps_current} = $curr_node };
  }
  
  sub dump_scandeps {
      my $self = shift;
  
      if ($self->{format} eq 'tree') {
          $self->walk_down(sub {
              my($dist, $depth) = @_;
              if ($depth == 0) {
                  print "$dist->{distvname}\n";
              } else {
                  print " " x ($depth - 1);
                  print "\\_ $dist->{distvname}\n";
              }
          }, 1);
      } elsif ($self->{format} =~ /^dists?$/) {
          $self->walk_down(sub {
              my($dist, $depth) = @_;
              print $self->format_dist($dist), "\n";
          }, 0);
      } elsif ($self->{format} eq 'json') {
          require JSON;
          print JSON::encode_json($self->{scandeps_tree});
      } elsif ($self->{format} eq 'yaml') {
          require YAML;
          print YAML::Dump($self->{scandeps_tree});
      } else {
          $self->diag("Unknown format: $self->{format}\n");
      }
  }
  
  sub walk_down {
      my($self, $cb, $pre) = @_;
      $self->_do_walk_down($self->{scandeps_tree}, $cb, 0, $pre);
  }
  
  sub _do_walk_down {
      my($self, $children, $cb, $depth, $pre) = @_;
  
      # DFS - $pre determines when we call the callback
      for my $node (@$children) {
          $cb->($node->[0], $depth) if $pre;
          $self->_do_walk_down($node->[1], $cb, $depth + 1, $pre);
          $cb->($node->[0], $depth) unless $pre;
      }
  }
  
  sub DESTROY {
      my $self = shift;
      $self->{at_exit}->($self) if $self->{at_exit};
  }
  
  # Utils
  
  sub shell_quote {
      my($self, $stuff) = @_;
      $stuff =~ /^${quote}.+${quote}$/ ? $stuff : ($quote . $stuff . $quote);
  }
  
  sub which {
      my($self, $name) = @_;
      my $exe_ext = $Config{_exe};
      for my $dir (File::Spec->path) {
          my $fullpath = File::Spec->catfile($dir, $name);
          if (-x $fullpath || -x ($fullpath .= $exe_ext)) {
              if ($fullpath =~ /\s/ && $fullpath !~ /^$quote/) {
                  $fullpath = $self->shell_quote($fullpath);
              }
              return $fullpath;
          }
      }
      return;
  }
  
  sub get      { $_[0]->{_backends}{get}->(@_) };
  sub mirror   { $_[0]->{_backends}{mirror}->(@_) };
  sub untar    { $_[0]->{_backends}{untar}->(@_) };
  sub unzip    { $_[0]->{_backends}{unzip}->(@_) };
  
  sub file_get {
      my($self, $uri) = @_;
      open my $fh, "<$uri" or return;
      join '', <$fh>;
  }
  
  sub file_mirror {
      my($self, $uri, $path) = @_;
      File::Copy::copy($uri, $path);
  }
  
  sub init_tools {
      my $self = shift;
  
      return if $self->{initialized}++;
  
      if ($self->{make} = $self->which($Config{make})) {
          $self->chat("You have make $self->{make}\n");
      }
  
      # use --no-lwp if they have a broken LWP, to upgrade LWP
      if ($self->{try_lwp} && eval { require LWP::UserAgent; LWP::UserAgent->VERSION(5.802) }) {
          $self->chat("You have LWP $LWP::VERSION\n");
          my $ua = sub {
              LWP::UserAgent->new(
                  parse_head => 0,
                  env_proxy => 1,
                  agent => "cpanminus/$VERSION",
                  timeout => 30,
                  @_,
              );
          };
          $self->{_backends}{get} = sub {
              my $self = shift;
              my $res = $ua->()->request(HTTP::Request->new(GET => $_[0]));
              return unless $res->is_success;
              return $res->decoded_content;
          };
          $self->{_backends}{mirror} = sub {
              my $self = shift;
              my $res = $ua->()->mirror(@_);
              $res->code;
          };
      } elsif ($self->{try_wget} and my $wget = $self->which('wget')) {
          $self->chat("You have $wget\n");
          $self->{_backends}{get} = sub {
              my($self, $uri) = @_;
              return $self->file_get($uri) if $uri =~ s!^file:/+!/!;
              $self->safeexec( my $fh, $wget, $uri, ( $self->{verbose} ? () : '-q' ), '-O', '-' ) or die "wget $uri: $!";
              local $/;
              <$fh>;
          };
          $self->{_backends}{mirror} = sub {
              my($self, $uri, $path) = @_;
              return $self->file_mirror($uri, $path) if $uri =~ s!^file:/+!/!;
              $self->safeexec( my $fh, $wget, '--retry-connrefused', $uri, ( $self->{verbose} ? () : '-q' ), '-O', $path ) or die "wget $uri: $!";
              local $/;
              <$fh>;
          };
      } elsif ($self->{try_curl} and my $curl = $self->which('curl')) {
          $self->chat("You have $curl\n");
          $self->{_backends}{get} = sub {
              my($self, $uri) = @_;
              return $self->file_get($uri) if $uri =~ s!^file:/+!/!;
              $self->safeexec( my $fh, $curl, '-L', ( $self->{verbose} ? () : '-s' ), $uri ) or die "curl $uri: $!";
              local $/;
              <$fh>;
          };
          $self->{_backends}{mirror} = sub {
              my($self, $uri, $path) = @_;
              return $self->file_mirror($uri, $path) if $uri =~ s!^file:/+!/!;
              $self->safeexec( my $fh, $curl, '-L', $uri, ( $self->{verbose} ? () : '-s' ), '-#', '-o', $path ) or die "curl $uri: $!";
              local $/;
              <$fh>;
          };
      } else {
          require HTTP::Tiny;
          $self->chat("Falling back to HTTP::Tiny $HTTP::Tiny::VERSION\n");
  
          $self->{_backends}{get} = sub {
              my $self = shift;
              my $res = HTTP::Tiny->new->get($_[0]);
              return unless $res->{success};
              return $res->{content};
          };
          $self->{_backends}{mirror} = sub {
              my $self = shift;
              my $res = HTTP::Tiny->new->mirror(@_);
              return $res->{status};
          };
      }
  
      my $tar = $self->which('tar');
      my $tar_ver;
      my $maybe_bad_tar = sub { WIN32 || SUNOS || (($tar_ver = `$tar --version 2>/dev/null`) =~ /GNU.*1\.13/i) };
  
      if ($tar && !$maybe_bad_tar->()) {
          chomp $tar_ver;
          $self->chat("You have $tar: $tar_ver\n");
          $self->{_backends}{untar} = sub {
              my($self, $tarfile) = @_;
  
              my $xf = "xf" . ($self->{verbose} ? 'v' : '');
              my $ar = $tarfile =~ /bz2$/ ? 'j' : 'z';
  
              my($root, @others) = `$tar tf$ar $tarfile`
                  or return undef;
  
              chomp $root;
              $root =~ s!^\./!!;
              $root =~ s{^(.+?)/.*$}{$1};
  
              system "$tar $xf$ar $tarfile";
              return $root if -d $root;
  
              $self->diag_fail("Bad archive: $tarfile");
              return undef;
          }
      } elsif (    $tar
               and my $gzip = $self->which('gzip')
               and my $bzip2 = $self->which('bzip2')) {
          $self->chat("You have $tar, $gzip and $bzip2\n");
          $self->{_backends}{untar} = sub {
              my($self, $tarfile) = @_;
  
              my $x  = "x" . ($self->{verbose} ? 'v' : '') . "f -";
              my $ar = $tarfile =~ /bz2$/ ? $bzip2 : $gzip;
  
              my($root, @others) = `$ar -dc $tarfile | $tar tf -`
                  or return undef;
  
              chomp $root;
              $root =~ s{^(.+?)/.*$}{$1};
  
              system "$ar -dc $tarfile | $tar $x";
              return $root if -d $root;
  
              $self->diag_fail("Bad archive: $tarfile");
              return undef;
          }
      } elsif (eval { require Archive::Tar }) { # uses too much memory!
          $self->chat("Falling back to Archive::Tar $Archive::Tar::VERSION\n");
          $self->{_backends}{untar} = sub {
              my $self = shift;
              my $t = Archive::Tar->new($_[0]);
              my $root = ($t->list_files)[0];
              $root =~ s{^(.+?)/.*$}{$1};
              $t->extract;
              return -d $root ? $root : undef;
          };
      } else {
          $self->{_backends}{untar} = sub {
              die "Failed to extract $_[1] - You need to have tar or Archive::Tar installed.\n";
          };
      }
  
      if (my $unzip = $self->which('unzip')) {
          $self->chat("You have $unzip\n");
          $self->{_backends}{unzip} = sub {
              my($self, $zipfile) = @_;
  
              my $opt = $self->{verbose} ? '' : '-q';
              my(undef, $root, @others) = `$unzip -t $zipfile`
                  or return undef;
  
              chomp $root;
              $root =~ s{^\s+testing:\s+(.+?)/\s+OK$}{$1};
  
              system "$unzip $opt $zipfile";
              return $root if -d $root;
  
              $self->diag_fail("Bad archive: [$root] $zipfile");
              return undef;
          }
      } else {
          $self->{_backends}{unzip} = sub {
              eval { require Archive::Zip }
                  or  die "Failed to extract $_[1] - You need to have unzip or Archive::Zip installed.\n";
              my($self, $file) = @_;
              my $zip = Archive::Zip->new();
              my $status;
              $status = $zip->read($file);
              $self->diag_fail("Read of file[$file] failed")
                  if $status != Archive::Zip::AZ_OK();
              my @members = $zip->members();
              my $root;
              for my $member ( @members ) {
                  my $af = $member->fileName();
                  next if ($af =~ m!^(/|\.\./)!);
                  $root = $af unless $root;
                  $status = $member->extractToFileNamed( $af );
                  $self->diag_fail("Extracting of file[$af] from zipfile[$file failed")
                      if $status != Archive::Zip::AZ_OK();
              }
              return -d $root ? $root : undef;
          };
      }
  }
  
  sub safeexec {
      my $self = shift;
      my $rdr = $_[0] ||= Symbol::gensym();
  
      if (WIN32) {
          my $cmd = join q{ }, map { $self->shell_quote($_) } @_[ 1 .. $#_ ];
          return open( $rdr, "$cmd |" );
      }
  
      if ( my $pid = open( $rdr, '-|' ) ) {
          return $pid;
      }
      elsif ( defined $pid ) {
          exec( @_[ 1 .. $#_ ] );
          exit 1;
      }
      else {
          return;
      }
  }
  
  sub parse_meta {
      my($self, $file) = @_;
      return eval { (Parse::CPAN::Meta::LoadFile($file))[0] } || {};
  }
  
  sub parse_meta_string {
      my($self, $yaml) = @_;
      return eval { (Parse::CPAN::Meta::Load($yaml))[0] } || {};
  }
  
  1;
APP_CPANMINUS_SCRIPT

$fatpacked{"CPAN/DistnameInfo.pm"} = <<'CPAN_DISTNAMEINFO';
  
  package CPAN::DistnameInfo;
  
  $VERSION = "0.11";
  use strict;
  
  sub distname_info {
    my $file = shift or return;
  
    my ($dist, $version) = $file =~ /^
      ((?:[-+.]*(?:[A-Za-z0-9]+|(?<=\D)_|_(?=\D))*
       (?:
  	[A-Za-z](?=[^A-Za-z]|$)
  	|
  	\d(?=-)
       )(?<![._-][vV])
      )+)(.*)
    $/xs or return ($file,undef,undef);
  
    if ($dist =~ /-undef\z/ and ! length $version) {
      $dist =~ s/-undef\z//;
    }
  
    # Remove potential -withoutworldwriteables suffix
    $version =~ s/-withoutworldwriteables$//;
  
    if ($version =~ /^(-[Vv].*)-(\d.*)/) {
     
      # Catch names like Unicode-Collate-Standard-V3_1_1-0.1
      # where the V3_1_1 is part of the distname
      $dist .= $1;
      $version = $2;
    }
  
    # Normalize the Dist.pm-1.23 convention which CGI.pm and
    # a few others use.
    $dist =~ s{\.pm$}{};
  
    $version = $1
      if !length $version and $dist =~ s/-(\d+\w)$//;
  
    $version = $1 . $version
      if $version =~ /^\d+$/ and $dist =~ s/-(\w+)$//;
  
    if ($version =~ /\d\.\d/) {
      $version =~ s/^[-_.]+//;
    }
    else {
      $version =~ s/^[-_]+//;
    }
  
    my $dev;
    if (length $version) {
      if ($file =~ /^perl-?\d+\.(\d+)(?:\D(\d+))?(-(?:TRIAL|RC)\d+)?$/) {
        $dev = 1 if (($1 > 6 and $1 & 1) or ($2 and $2 >= 50)) or $3;
      }
      elsif ($version =~ /\d\D\d+_\d/ or $version =~ /-TRIAL/) {
        $dev = 1;
      }
    }
    else {
      $version = undef;
    }
  
    ($dist, $version, $dev);
  }
  
  sub new {
    my $class = shift;
    my $distfile = shift;
  
    $distfile =~ s,//+,/,g;
  
    my %info = ( pathname => $distfile );
  
    ($info{filename} = $distfile) =~ s,^(((.*?/)?authors/)?id/)?([A-Z])/(\4[A-Z])/(\5[-A-Z0-9]*)/,,
      and $info{cpanid} = $6;
  
    if ($distfile =~ m,([^/]+)\.(tar\.(?:g?z|bz2)|zip|tgz)$,i) { # support more ?
      $info{distvname} = $1;
      $info{extension} = $2;
    }
  
    @info{qw(dist version beta)} = distname_info($info{distvname});
    $info{maturity} = delete $info{beta} ? 'developer' : 'released';
  
    return bless \%info, $class;
  }
  
  sub dist      { shift->{dist} }
  sub version   { shift->{version} }
  sub maturity  { shift->{maturity} }
  sub filename  { shift->{filename} }
  sub cpanid    { shift->{cpanid} }
  sub distvname { shift->{distvname} }
  sub extension { shift->{extension} }
  sub pathname  { shift->{pathname} }
  
  sub properties { %{ $_[0] } }
  
  1;
  
  __END__
  
  =head1 NAME
  
  CPAN::DistnameInfo - Extract distribution name and version from a distribution filename
  
  =head1 SYNOPSIS
  
    my $pathname = "authors/id/G/GB/GBARR/CPAN-DistnameInfo-0.02.tar.gz";
  
    my $d = CPAN::DistnameInfo->new($pathname);
  
    my $dist      = $d->dist;      # "CPAN-DistnameInfo"
    my $version   = $d->version;   # "0.02"
    my $maturity  = $d->maturity;  # "released"
    my $filename  = $d->filename;  # "CPAN-DistnameInfo-0.02.tar.gz"
    my $cpanid    = $d->cpanid;    # "GBARR"
    my $distvname = $d->distvname; # "CPAN-DistnameInfo-0.02"
    my $extension = $d->extension; # "tar.gz"
    my $pathname  = $d->pathname;  # "authors/id/G/GB/GBARR/..."
  
    my %prop = $d->properties;
  
  =head1 DESCRIPTION
  
  Many online services that are centered around CPAN attempt to
  associate multiple uploads by extracting a distribution name from
  the filename of the upload. For most distributions this is easy as
  they have used ExtUtils::MakeMaker or Module::Build to create the
  distribution, which results in a uniform name. But sadly not all
  uploads are created in this way.
  
  C<CPAN::DistnameInfo> uses heuristics that have been learnt by
  L<http://search.cpan.org/> to extract the distribution name and
  version from filenames and also report if the version is to be
  treated as a developer release
  
  The constructor takes a single pathname, returning an object with the following methods
  
  =over
  
  =item cpanid
  
  If the path given looked like a CPAN authors directory path, then this will be the
  the CPAN id of the author.
  
  =item dist
  
  The name of the distribution
  
  =item distvname
  
  The file name with any suffix and leading directory names removed
  
  =item filename
  
  If the path given looked like a CPAN authors directory path, then this will be the
  path to the file relative to the detected CPAN author directory. Otherwise it is the path
  that was passed in.
  
  =item maturity
  
  The maturity of the distribution. This will be either C<released> or C<developer>
  
  =item extension
  
  The extension of the distribution, often used to denote the archive type (e.g. 'tar.gz')
  
  =item pathname
  
  The pathname that was passed to the constructor when creating the object.
  
  =item properties
  
  This will return a list of key-value pairs, suitable for assigning to a hash,
  for the known properties.
  
  =item version
  
  The extracted version
  
  =back
  
  =head1 AUTHOR
  
  Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>
  
  =head1 COPYRIGHT 
  
  Copyright (c) 2003 Graham Barr. All rights reserved. This program is
  free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
  terms as Perl itself.
  
  =cut
  
CPAN_DISTNAMEINFO

$fatpacked{"HTTP/Tiny.pm"} = <<'HTTP_TINY';
  # vim: ts=4 sts=4 sw=4 et:
  #
  # This file is part of HTTP-Tiny
  #
  # This software is copyright (c) 2011 by Christian Hansen.
  #
  # This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
  # the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
  #
  package HTTP::Tiny;
  BEGIN {
    $HTTP::Tiny::VERSION = '0.009';
  }
  use strict;
  use warnings;
  # ABSTRACT: A small, simple, correct HTTP/1.1 client
  
  use Carp ();
  
  
  my @attributes;
  BEGIN {
      @attributes = qw(agent default_headers max_redirect max_size proxy timeout);
      no strict 'refs';
      for my $accessor ( @attributes ) {
          *{$accessor} = sub {
              @_ > 1 ? $_[0]->{$accessor} = $_[1] : $_[0]->{$accessor};
          };
      }
  }
  
  sub new {
      my($class, %args) = @_;
      (my $agent = $class) =~ s{::}{-}g;
      my $self = {
          agent        => $agent . "/" . ($class->VERSION || 0),
          max_redirect => 5,
          timeout      => 60,
      };
      for my $key ( @attributes ) {
          $self->{$key} = $args{$key} if exists $args{$key}
      }
      return bless $self, $class;
  }
  
  
  sub get {
      my ($self, $url, $args) = @_;
      @_ == 2 || (@_ == 3 && ref $args eq 'HASH')
        or Carp::croak(q/Usage: $http->get(URL, [HASHREF])/);
      return $self->request('GET', $url, $args || {});
  }
  
  
  sub mirror {
      my ($self, $url, $file, $args) = @_;
      @_ == 3 || (@_ == 4 && ref $args eq 'HASH')
        or Carp::croak(q/Usage: $http->mirror(URL, FILE, [HASHREF])/);
      if ( -e $file and my $mtime = (stat($file))[9] ) {
          $args->{headers}{'if-modified-since'} ||= $self->_http_date($mtime);
      }
      my $tempfile = $file . int(rand(2**31));
      open my $fh, ">", $tempfile
          or Carp::croak(qq/Error: Could not open temporary file $tempfile for downloading: $!/);
      $args->{data_callback} = sub { print {$fh} $_[0] };
      my $response = $self->request('GET', $url, $args);
      close $fh
          or Carp::croak(qq/Error: Could not close temporary file $tempfile: $!/);
      if ( $response->{success} ) {
          rename $tempfile, $file
              or Carp::croak "Error replacing $file with $tempfile: $!\n";
          my $lm = $response->{headers}{'last-modified'};
          if ( $lm and my $mtime = $self->_parse_http_date($lm) ) {
              utime $mtime, $mtime, $file;
          }
      }
      $response->{success} ||= $response->{status} eq '304';
      unlink $tempfile;
      return $response;
  }
  
  
  my %idempotent = map { $_ => 1 } qw/GET HEAD PUT DELETE OPTIONS TRACE/;
  
  sub request {
      my ($self, $method, $url, $args) = @_;
      @_ == 3 || (@_ == 4 && ref $args eq 'HASH')
        or Carp::croak(q/Usage: $http->request(METHOD, URL, [HASHREF])/);
      $args ||= {}; # we keep some state in this during _request
  
      # RFC 2616 Section 8.1.4 mandates a single retry on broken socket
      my $response;
      for ( 0 .. 1 ) {
          $response = eval { $self->_request($method, $url, $args) };
          last unless $@ && $idempotent{$method}
              && $@ =~ m{^(?:Socket closed|Unexpected end)};
      }
  
      if (my $e = "$@") {
          $response = {
              success => q{},
              status  => 599,
              reason  => 'Internal Exception',
              content => $e,
              headers => {
                  'content-type'   => 'text/plain',
                  'content-length' => length $e,
              }
          };
      }
      return $response;
  }
  
  my %DefaultPort = (
      http => 80,
      https => 443,
  );
  
  sub _request {
      my ($self, $method, $url, $args) = @_;
  
      my ($scheme, $host, $port, $path_query) = $self->_split_url($url);
  
      my $request = {
          method    => $method,
          scheme    => $scheme,
          host_port => ($port == $DefaultPort{$scheme} ? $host : "$host:$port"),
          uri       => $path_query,
          headers   => {},
      };
  
      my $handle  = HTTP::Tiny::Handle->new(timeout => $self->{timeout});
  
      if ($self->{proxy}) {
          $request->{uri} = "$scheme://$request->{host_port}$path_query";
          croak(qq/HTTPS via proxy is not supported/)
              if $request->{scheme} eq 'https';
          $handle->connect(($self->_split_url($self->{proxy}))[0..2]);
      }
      else {
          $handle->connect($scheme, $host, $port);
      }
  
      $self->_prepare_headers_and_cb($request, $args);
      $handle->write_request($request);
  
      my $response;
      do { $response = $handle->read_response_header }
          until (substr($response->{status},0,1) ne '1');
  
      if ( my @redir_args = $self->_maybe_redirect($request, $response, $args) ) {
          $handle->close;
          return $self->_request(@redir_args, $args);
      }
  
      if ($method eq 'HEAD' || $response->{status} =~ /^[23]04/) {
          # response has no message body
      }
      else {
          my $data_cb = $self->_prepare_data_cb($response, $args);
          $handle->read_body($data_cb, $response);
      }
  
      $handle->close;
      $response->{success} = substr($response->{status},0,1) eq '2';
      return $response;
  }
  
  sub _prepare_headers_and_cb {
      my ($self, $request, $args) = @_;
  
      for ($self->{default_headers}, $args->{headers}) {
          next unless defined;
          while (my ($k, $v) = each %$_) {
              $request->{headers}{lc $k} = $v;
          }
      }
      $request->{headers}{'host'}         = $request->{host_port};
      $request->{headers}{'connection'}   = "close";
      $request->{headers}{'user-agent'} ||= $self->{agent};
  
      if (defined $args->{content}) {
          $request->{headers}{'content-type'} ||= "application/octet-stream";
          if (ref $args->{content} eq 'CODE') {
              $request->{headers}{'transfer-encoding'} = 'chunked'
                unless $request->{headers}{'content-length'}
                    || $request->{headers}{'transfer-encoding'};
              $request->{cb} = $args->{content};
          }
          else {
              my $content = $args->{content};
              if ( $] ge '5.008' ) {
                  utf8::downgrade($content, 1)
                      or Carp::croak(q/Wide character in request message body/);
              }
              $request->{headers}{'content-length'} = length $content
                unless $request->{headers}{'content-length'}
                    || $request->{headers}{'transfer-encoding'};
              $request->{cb} = sub { substr $content, 0, length $content, '' };
          }
          $request->{trailer_cb} = $args->{trailer_callback}
              if ref $args->{trailer_callback} eq 'CODE';
      }
      return;
  }
  
  sub _prepare_data_cb {
      my ($self, $response, $args) = @_;
      my $data_cb = $args->{data_callback};
      $response->{content} = '';
  
      if (!$data_cb || $response->{status} !~ /^2/) {
          if (defined $self->{max_size}) {
              $data_cb = sub {
                  $_[1]->{content} .= $_[0];
                  die(qq/Size of response body exceeds the maximum allowed of $self->{max_size}\n/)
                    if length $_[1]->{content} > $self->{max_size};
              };
          }
          else {
              $data_cb = sub { $_[1]->{content} .= $_[0] };
          }
      }
      return $data_cb;
  }
  
  sub _maybe_redirect {
      my ($self, $request, $response, $args) = @_;
      my $headers = $response->{headers};
      my ($status, $method) = ($response->{status}, $request->{method});
      if (($status eq '303' or ($status =~ /^30[127]/ && $method =~ /^GET|HEAD$/))
          and $headers->{location}
          and ++$args->{redirects} <= $self->{max_redirect}
      ) {
          my $location = ($headers->{location} =~ /^\//)
              ? "$request->{scheme}://$request->{host_port}$headers->{location}"
              : $headers->{location} ;
          return (($status eq '303' ? 'GET' : $method), $location);
      }
      return;
  }
  
  sub _split_url {
      my $url = pop;
  
      # URI regex adapted from the URI module
      my ($scheme, $authority, $path_query) = $url =~ m<\A([^:/?#]+)://([^/?#]*)([^#]*)>
        or Carp::croak(qq/Cannot parse URL: '$url'/);
  
      $scheme     = lc $scheme;
      $path_query = "/$path_query" unless $path_query =~ m<\A/>;
  
      my $host = (length($authority)) ? lc $authority : 'localhost';
         $host =~ s/\A[^@]*@//;   # userinfo
      my $port = do {
         $host =~ s/:([0-9]*)\z// && length $1
           ? $1
           : ($scheme eq 'http' ? 80 : $scheme eq 'https' ? 443 : undef);
      };
  
      return ($scheme, $host, $port, $path_query);
  }
  
  # Date conversions adapted from HTTP::Date
  my $DoW = "Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat";
  my $MoY = "Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec";
  sub _http_date {
      my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday) = gmtime($_[1]);
      return sprintf("%s, %02d %s %04d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT",
          substr($DoW,$wday*4,3),
          $mday, substr($MoY,$mon*4,3), $year+1900,
          $hour, $min, $sec
      );
  }
  
  sub _parse_http_date {
      my ($self, $str) = @_;
      require Time::Local;
      my @tl_parts;
      if ($str =~ /^[SMTWF][a-z]+, +(\d{1,2}) ($MoY) +(\d\d\d\d) +(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d) +GMT$/) {
          @tl_parts = ($6, $5, $4, $1, (index($MoY,$2)/4), $3);
      }
      elsif ($str =~ /^[SMTWF][a-z]+, +(\d\d)-($MoY)-(\d{2,4}) +(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d) +GMT$/ ) {
          @tl_parts = ($6, $5, $4, $1, (index($MoY,$2)/4), $3);
      }
      elsif ($str =~ /^[SMTWF][a-z]+ +($MoY) +(\d{1,2}) +(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d) +(?:[^0-9]+ +)?(\d\d\d\d)$/ ) {
          @tl_parts = ($5, $4, $3, $2, (index($MoY,$1)/4), $6);
      }
      return eval {
          my $t = @tl_parts ? Time::Local::timegm(@tl_parts) : -1;
          $t < 0 ? undef : $t;
      };
  }
  
  package
      HTTP::Tiny::Handle; # hide from PAUSE/indexers
  use strict;
  use warnings;
  
  use Carp       qw[croak];
  use Errno      qw[EINTR EPIPE];
  use IO::Socket qw[SOCK_STREAM];
  
  sub BUFSIZE () { 32768 }
  
  my $Printable = sub {
      local $_ = shift;
      s/\r/\\r/g;
      s/\n/\\n/g;
      s/\t/\\t/g;
      s/([^\x20-\x7E])/sprintf('\\x%.2X', ord($1))/ge;
      $_;
  };
  
  my $Token = qr/[\x21\x23-\x27\x2A\x2B\x2D\x2E\x30-\x39\x41-\x5A\x5E-\x7A\x7C\x7E]/;
  
  sub new {
      my ($class, %args) = @_;
      return bless {
          rbuf             => '',
          timeout          => 60,
          max_line_size    => 16384,
          max_header_lines => 64,
          %args
      }, $class;
  }
  
  my $ssl_verify_args = {
      check_cn => "when_only",
      wildcards_in_alt => "anywhere",
      wildcards_in_cn => "anywhere"
  };
  
  sub connect {
      @_ == 4 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->connect(scheme, host, port)/);
      my ($self, $scheme, $host, $port) = @_;
  
      if ( $scheme eq 'https' ) {
          eval "require IO::Socket::SSL"
              unless exists $INC{'IO/Socket/SSL.pm'};
          croak(qq/IO::Socket::SSL must be installed for https support\n/)
              unless $INC{'IO/Socket/SSL.pm'};
      }
      elsif ( $scheme ne 'http' ) {
        croak(qq/Unsupported URL scheme '$scheme'/);
      }
  
      $self->{fh} = 'IO::Socket::INET'->new(
          PeerHost  => $host,
          PeerPort  => $port,
          Proto     => 'tcp',
          Type      => SOCK_STREAM,
          Timeout   => $self->{timeout}
      ) or croak(qq/Could not connect to '$host:$port': $@/);
  
      binmode($self->{fh})
        or croak(qq/Could not binmode() socket: '$!'/);
  
      if ( $scheme eq 'https') {
          IO::Socket::SSL->start_SSL($self->{fh});
          ref($self->{fh}) eq 'IO::Socket::SSL'
              or die(qq/SSL connection failed for $host\n/);
          $self->{fh}->verify_hostname( $host, $ssl_verify_args )
              or die(qq/SSL certificate not valid for $host\n/);
      }
  
      $self->{host} = $host;
      $self->{port} = $port;
  
      return $self;
  }
  
  sub close {
      @_ == 1 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->close()/);
      my ($self) = @_;
      CORE::close($self->{fh})
        or croak(qq/Could not close socket: '$!'/);
  }
  
  sub write {
      @_ == 2 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->write(buf)/);
      my ($self, $buf) = @_;
  
      if ( $] ge '5.008' ) {
          utf8::downgrade($buf, 1)
              or croak(q/Wide character in write()/);
      }
  
      my $len = length $buf;
      my $off = 0;
  
      local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
  
      while () {
          $self->can_write
            or croak(q/Timed out while waiting for socket to become ready for writing/);
          my $r = syswrite($self->{fh}, $buf, $len, $off);
          if (defined $r) {
              $len -= $r;
              $off += $r;
              last unless $len > 0;
          }
          elsif ($! == EPIPE) {
              croak(qq/Socket closed by remote server: $!/);
          }
          elsif ($! != EINTR) {
              croak(qq/Could not write to socket: '$!'/);
          }
      }
      return $off;
  }
  
  sub read {
      @_ == 2 || @_ == 3 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->read(len [, allow_partial])/);
      my ($self, $len, $allow_partial) = @_;
  
      my $buf  = '';
      my $got = length $self->{rbuf};
  
      if ($got) {
          my $take = ($got < $len) ? $got : $len;
          $buf  = substr($self->{rbuf}, 0, $take, '');
          $len -= $take;
      }
  
      while ($len > 0) {
          $self->can_read
            or croak(q/Timed out while waiting for socket to become ready for reading/);
          my $r = sysread($self->{fh}, $buf, $len, length $buf);
          if (defined $r) {
              last unless $r;
              $len -= $r;
          }
          elsif ($! != EINTR) {
              croak(qq/Could not read from socket: '$!'/);
          }
      }
      if ($len && !$allow_partial) {
          croak(q/Unexpected end of stream/);
      }
      return $buf;
  }
  
  sub readline {
      @_ == 1 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->readline()/);
      my ($self) = @_;
  
      while () {
          if ($self->{rbuf} =~ s/\A ([^\x0D\x0A]* \x0D?\x0A)//x) {
              return $1;
          }
          if (length $self->{rbuf} >= $self->{max_line_size}) {
              croak(qq/Line size exceeds the maximum allowed size of $self->{max_line_size}/);
          }
          $self->can_read
            or croak(q/Timed out while waiting for socket to become ready for reading/);
          my $r = sysread($self->{fh}, $self->{rbuf}, BUFSIZE, length $self->{rbuf});
          if (defined $r) {
              last unless $r;
          }
          elsif ($! != EINTR) {
              croak(qq/Could not read from socket: '$!'/);
          }
      }
      croak(q/Unexpected end of stream while looking for line/);
  }
  
  sub read_header_lines {
      @_ == 1 || @_ == 2 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->read_header_lines([headers])/);
      my ($self, $headers) = @_;
      $headers ||= {};
      my $lines   = 0;
      my $val;
  
      while () {
           my $line = $self->readline;
  
           if (++$lines >= $self->{max_header_lines}) {
               croak(qq/Header lines exceeds maximum number allowed of $self->{max_header_lines}/);
           }
           elsif ($line =~ /\A ([^\x00-\x1F\x7F:]+) : [\x09\x20]* ([^\x0D\x0A]*)/x) {
               my ($field_name) = lc $1;
               if (exists $headers->{$field_name}) {
                   for ($headers->{$field_name}) {
                       $_ = [$_] unless ref $_ eq "ARRAY";
                       push @$_, $2;
                       $val = \$_->[-1];
                   }
               }
               else {
                   $val = \($headers->{$field_name} = $2);
               }
           }
           elsif ($line =~ /\A [\x09\x20]+ ([^\x0D\x0A]*)/x) {
               $val
                 or croak(q/Unexpected header continuation line/);
               next unless length $1;
               $$val .= ' ' if length $$val;
               $$val .= $1;
           }
           elsif ($line =~ /\A \x0D?\x0A \z/x) {
              last;
           }
           else {
              croak(q/Malformed header line: / . $Printable->($line));
           }
      }
      return $headers;
  }
  
  sub write_request {
      @_ == 2 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->write_request(request)/);
      my($self, $request) = @_;
      $self->write_request_header(@{$request}{qw/method uri headers/});
      $self->write_body($request) if $request->{cb};
      return;
  }
  
  my %HeaderCase = (
      'content-md5'      => 'Content-MD5',
      'etag'             => 'ETag',
      'te'               => 'TE',
      'www-authenticate' => 'WWW-Authenticate',
      'x-xss-protection' => 'X-XSS-Protection',
  );
  
  sub write_header_lines {
      (@_ == 2 && ref $_[1] eq 'HASH') || croak(q/Usage: $handle->write_header_lines(headers)/);
      my($self, $headers) = @_;
  
      my $buf = '';
      while (my ($k, $v) = each %$headers) {
          my $field_name = lc $k;
          if (exists $HeaderCase{$field_name}) {
              $field_name = $HeaderCase{$field_name};
          }
          else {
              $field_name =~ /\A $Token+ \z/xo
                or croak(q/Invalid HTTP header field name: / . $Printable->($field_name));
              $field_name =~ s/\b(\w)/\u$1/g;
              $HeaderCase{lc $field_name} = $field_name;
          }
          for (ref $v eq 'ARRAY' ? @$v : $v) {
              /[^\x0D\x0A]/
                or croak(qq/Invalid HTTP header field value ($field_name): / . $Printable->($_));
              $buf .= "$field_name: $_\x0D\x0A";
          }
      }
      $buf .= "\x0D\x0A";
      return $self->write($buf);
  }
  
  sub read_body {
      @_ == 3 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->read_body(callback, response)/);
      my ($self, $cb, $response) = @_;
      my $te = $response->{headers}{'transfer-encoding'} || '';
      if ( grep { /chunked/i } ( ref $te eq 'ARRAY' ? @$te : $te ) ) {
          $self->read_chunked_body($cb, $response);
      }
      else {
          $self->read_content_body($cb, $response);
      }
      return;
  }
  
  sub write_body {
      @_ == 2 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->write_body(request)/);
      my ($self, $request) = @_;
      if ($request->{headers}{'content-length'}) {
          return $self->write_content_body($request);
      }
      else {
          return $self->write_chunked_body($request);
      }
  }
  
  sub read_content_body {
      @_ == 3 || @_ == 4 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->read_content_body(callback, response, [read_length])/);
      my ($self, $cb, $response, $content_length) = @_;
      $content_length ||= $response->{headers}{'content-length'};
  
      if ( $content_length ) {
          my $len = $content_length;
          while ($len > 0) {
              my $read = ($len > BUFSIZE) ? BUFSIZE : $len;
              $cb->($self->read($read, 0), $response);
              $len -= $read;
          }
      }
      else {
          my $chunk;
          $cb->($chunk, $response) while length( $chunk = $self->read(BUFSIZE, 1) );
      }
  
      return;
  }
  
  sub write_content_body {
      @_ == 2 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->write_content_body(request)/);
      my ($self, $request) = @_;
  
      my ($len, $content_length) = (0, $request->{headers}{'content-length'});
      while () {
          my $data = $request->{cb}->();
  
          defined $data && length $data
            or last;
  
          if ( $] ge '5.008' ) {
              utf8::downgrade($data, 1)
                  or croak(q/Wide character in write_content()/);
          }
  
          $len += $self->write($data);
      }
  
      $len == $content_length
        or croak(qq/Content-Length missmatch (got: $len expected: $content_length)/);
  
      return $len;
  }
  
  sub read_chunked_body {
      @_ == 3 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->read_chunked_body(callback, $response)/);
      my ($self, $cb, $response) = @_;
  
      while () {
          my $head = $self->readline;
  
          $head =~ /\A ([A-Fa-f0-9]+)/x
            or croak(q/Malformed chunk head: / . $Printable->($head));
  
          my $len = hex($1)
            or last;
  
          $self->read_content_body($cb, $response, $len);
  
          $self->read(2) eq "\x0D\x0A"
            or croak(q/Malformed chunk: missing CRLF after chunk data/);
      }
      $self->read_header_lines($response->{headers});
      return;
  }
  
  sub write_chunked_body {
      @_ == 2 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->write_chunked_body(request)/);
      my ($self, $request) = @_;
  
      my $len = 0;
      while () {
          my $data = $request->{cb}->();
  
          defined $data && length $data
            or last;
  
          if ( $] ge '5.008' ) {
              utf8::downgrade($data, 1)
                  or croak(q/Wide character in write_chunked_body()/);
          }
  
          $len += length $data;
  
          my $chunk  = sprintf '%X', length $data;
             $chunk .= "\x0D\x0A";
             $chunk .= $data;
             $chunk .= "\x0D\x0A";
  
          $self->write($chunk);
      }
      $self->write("0\x0D\x0A");
      $self->write_header_lines($request->{trailer_cb}->())
          if ref $request->{trailer_cb} eq 'CODE';
      return $len;
  }
  
  sub read_response_header {
      @_ == 1 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->read_response_header()/);
      my ($self) = @_;
  
      my $line = $self->readline;
  
      $line =~ /\A (HTTP\/(0*\d+\.0*\d+)) [\x09\x20]+ ([0-9]{3}) [\x09\x20]+ ([^\x0D\x0A]*) \x0D?\x0A/x
        or croak(q/Malformed Status-Line: / . $Printable->($line));
  
      my ($protocol, $version, $status, $reason) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
  
      croak (qq/Unsupported HTTP protocol: $protocol/)
          unless $version =~ /0*1\.0*[01]/;
  
      return {
          status   => $status,
          reason   => $reason,
          headers  => $self->read_header_lines,
          protocol => $protocol,
      };
  }
  
  sub write_request_header {
      @_ == 4 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->write_request_header(method, request_uri, headers)/);
      my ($self, $method, $request_uri, $headers) = @_;
  
      return $self->write("$method $request_uri HTTP/1.1\x0D\x0A")
           + $self->write_header_lines($headers);
  }
  
  sub _do_timeout {
      my ($self, $type, $timeout) = @_;
      $timeout = $self->{timeout}
          unless defined $timeout && $timeout >= 0;
  
      my $fd = fileno $self->{fh};
      defined $fd && $fd >= 0
        or croak(q/select(2): 'Bad file descriptor'/);
  
      my $initial = time;
      my $pending = $timeout;
      my $nfound;
  
      vec(my $fdset = '', $fd, 1) = 1;
  
      while () {
          $nfound = ($type eq 'read')
              ? select($fdset, undef, undef, $pending)
              : select(undef, $fdset, undef, $pending) ;
          if ($nfound == -1) {
              $! == EINTR
                or croak(qq/select(2): '$!'/);
              redo if !$timeout || ($pending = $timeout - (time - $initial)) > 0;
              $nfound = 0;
          }
          last;
      }
      $! = 0;
      return $nfound;
  }
  
  sub can_read {
      @_ == 1 || @_ == 2 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->can_read([timeout])/);
      my $self = shift;
      return $self->_do_timeout('read', @_)
  }
  
  sub can_write {
      @_ == 1 || @_ == 2 || croak(q/Usage: $handle->can_write([timeout])/);
      my $self = shift;
      return $self->_do_timeout('write', @_)
  }
  
  1;
  
  
  
  __END__
  =pod
  
  =head1 NAME
  
  HTTP::Tiny - A small, simple, correct HTTP/1.1 client
  
  =head1 VERSION
  
  version 0.009
  
  =head1 SYNOPSIS
  
      use HTTP::Tiny;
  
      my $response = HTTP::Tiny->new->get('http://example.com/');
  
      die "Failed!\n" unless $response->{success};
  
      print "$response->{status} $response->{reason}\n";
  
      while (my ($k, $v) = each %{$response->{headers}}) {
          for (ref $v eq 'ARRAY' ? @$v : $v) {
              print "$k: $_\n";
          }
      }
  
      print $response->{content} if length $response->{content};
  
  =head1 DESCRIPTION
  
  This is a very simple HTTP/1.1 client, designed primarily for doing simple GET
  requests without the overhead of a large framework like L<LWP::UserAgent>.
  
  It is more correct and more complete than L<HTTP::Lite>.  It supports
  proxies (currently only non-authenticating ones) and redirection.  It
  also correctly resumes after EINTR.
  
  =head1 METHODS
  
  =head2 new
  
      $http = HTTP::Tiny->new( %attributes );
  
  This constructor returns a new HTTP::Tiny object.  Valid attributes include:
  
  =over 4
  
  =item *
  
  agent
  
  A user-agent string (defaults to 'HTTP::Tiny/$VERSION')
  
  =item *
  
  default_headers
  
  A hashref of default headers to apply to requests
  
  =item *
  
  max_redirect
  
  Maximum number of redirects allowed (defaults to 5)
  
  =item *
  
  max_size
  
  Maximum response size (only when not using a data callback).  If defined,
  responses larger than this will die with an error message
  
  =item *
  
  proxy
  
  URL of a proxy server to use.
  
  =item *
  
  timeout
  
  Request timeout in seconds (default is 60)
  
  =back
  
  =head2 get
  
      $response = $http->get($url);
      $response = $http->get($url, \%options);
  
  Executes a C<GET> request for the given URL.  The URL must have unsafe
  characters escaped and international domain names encoded.  Internally, it just
  calls C<request()> with 'GET' as the method.  See C<request()> for valid
  options and a description of the response.
  
  =head2 mirror
  
      $response = $http->mirror($url, $file, \%options)
      if ( $response->{success} ) {
          print "$file is up to date\n";
      }
  
  Executes a C<GET> request for the URL and saves the response body to the file
  name provided.  The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and international
  domain names encoded.  If the file already exists, the request will includes an
  C<If-Modified-Since> header with the modification timestamp of the file.  You
  may specificy a different C<If-Modified-Since> header yourself in the C<<
  $options->{headers} >> hash.
  
  The C<success> field of the response will be true if the status code is 2XX
  or 304 (unmodified).
  
  If the file was modified and the server response includes a properly
  formatted C<Last-Modified> header, the file modification time will
  be updated accordingly.
  
  =head2 request
  
      $response = $http->request($method, $url);
      $response = $http->request($method, $url, \%options);
  
  Executes an HTTP request of the given method type ('GET', 'HEAD', 'POST',
  'PUT', etc.) on the given URL.  The URL must have unsafe characters escaped and
  international domain names encoded.  A hashref of options may be appended to
  modify the request.
  
  Valid options are:
  
  =over 4
  
  =item *
  
  headers
  
  A hashref containing headers to include with the request.  If the value for
  a header is an array reference, the header will be output multiple times with
  each value in the array.  These headers over-write any default headers.
  
  =item *
  
  content
  
  A scalar to include as the body of the request OR a code reference
  that will be called iteratively to produce the body of the response
  
  =item *
  
  trailer_callback
  
  A code reference that will be called if it exists to provide a hashref
  of trailing headers (only used with chunked transfer-encoding)
  
  =item *
  
  data_callback
  
  A code reference that will be called for each chunks of the response
  body received.
  
  =back
  
  If the C<content> option is a code reference, it will be called iteratively
  to provide the content body of the request.  It should return the empty
  string or undef when the iterator is exhausted.
  
  If the C<data_callback> option is provided, it will be called iteratively until
  the entire response body is received.  The first argument will be a string
  containing a chunk of the response body, the second argument will be the
  in-progress response hash reference, as described below.  (This allows
  customizing the action of the callback based on the C<status> or C<headers>
  received prior to the content body.)
  
  The C<request> method returns a hashref containing the response.  The hashref
  will have the following keys:
  
  =over 4
  
  =item *
  
  success
  
  Boolean indicating whether the operation returned a 2XX status code
  
  =item *
  
  status
  
  The HTTP status code of the response
  
  =item *
  
  reason
  
  The response phrase returned by the server
  
  =item *
  
  content
  
  The body of the response.  If the response does not have any content
  or if a data callback is provided to consume the response body,
  this will be the empty string
  
  =item *
  
  headers
  
  A hashref of header fields.  All header field names will be normalized
  to be lower case. If a header is repeated, the value will be an arrayref;
  it will otherwise be a scalar string containing the value
  
  =back
  
  On an exception during the execution of the request, the C<status> field will
  contain 599, and the C<content> field will contain the text of the exception.
  
  =for Pod::Coverage agent
  default_headers
  max_redirect
  max_size
  proxy
  timeout
  
  =head1 LIMITATIONS
  
  HTTP::Tiny is I<conditionally compliant> with the
  L<HTTP/1.1 specification|http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616.html>.
  It attempts to meet all "MUST" requirements of the specification, but does not
  implement all "SHOULD" requirements.
  
  Some particular limitations of note include:
  
  =over
  
  =item *
  
  HTTP::Tiny focuses on correct transport.  Users are responsible for ensuring
  that user-defined headers and content are compliant with the HTTP/1.1
  specification.
  
  =item *
  
  Users must ensure that URLs are properly escaped for unsafe characters and that
  international domain names are properly encoded to ASCII. See L<URI::Escape>,
  L<URI::_punycode> and L<Net::IDN::Encode>.
  
  =item *
  
  Redirection is very strict against the specification.  Redirection is only
  automatic for response codes 301, 302 and 307 if the request method is 'GET' or
  'HEAD'.  Response code 303 is always converted into a 'GET' redirection, as
  mandated by the specification.  There is no automatic support for status 305
  ("Use proxy") redirections.
  
  =item *
  
  Persistant connections are not supported.  The C<Connection> header will
  always be set to C<close>.
  
  =item *
  
  Direct C<https> connections are supported only if L<IO::Socket::SSL> is
  installed.  There is no support for C<https> connections via proxy.
  
  =item *
  
  Cookies are not directly supported.  Users that set a C<Cookie> header
  should also set C<max_redirect> to zero to ensure cookies are not
  inappropriately re-transmitted.
  
  =item *
  
  Proxy environment variables are not supported.
  
  =item *
  
  There is no provision for delaying a request body using an C<Expect> header.
  Unexpected C<1XX> responses are silently ignored as per the specification.
  
  =item *
  
  Only 'chunked' C<Transfer-Encoding> is supported.
  
  =item *
  
  There is no support for a Request-URI of '*' for the 'OPTIONS' request.
  
  =back
  
  =head1 SEE ALSO
  
  =over 4
  
  =item *
  
  L<LWP::UserAgent>
  
  =back
  
  =head1 AUTHORS
  
  =over 4
  
  =item *
  
  Christian Hansen <chansen@cpan.org>
  
  =item *
  
  David Golden <dagolden@cpan.org>
  
  =back
  
  =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
  
  This software is copyright (c) 2011 by Christian Hansen.
  
  This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
  the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
  
  =cut
  
HTTP_TINY

$fatpacked{"Module/Metadata.pm"} = <<'MODULE_METADATA';
  # -*- mode: cperl; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; basic-offset: 2 -*-
  # vim:ts=8:sw=2:et:sta:sts=2
  package Module::Metadata;
  
  # Adapted from Perl-licensed code originally distributed with
  # Module-Build by Ken Williams
  
  # This module provides routines to gather information about
  # perl modules (assuming this may be expanded in the distant
  # parrot future to look at other types of modules).
  
  use strict;
  use vars qw($VERSION);
  $VERSION = '1.000003';
  $VERSION = eval $VERSION;
  
  use File::Spec;
  use IO::File;
  use version 0.87;
  BEGIN {
    if ($INC{'Log/Contextual.pm'}) {
      Log::Contextual->import('log_info');
    } else {
      *log_info = sub (&) { warn $_[0]->() };
    }
  }
  use File::Find qw(find);
  
  my $V_NUM_REGEXP = qr{v?[0-9._]+};  # crudely, a v-string or decimal
  
  my $PKG_REGEXP  = qr{   # match a package declaration
    ^[\s\{;]*             # intro chars on a line
    package               # the word 'package'
    \s+                   # whitespace
    ([\w:]+)              # a package name
    \s*                   # optional whitespace
    ($V_NUM_REGEXP)?        # optional version number
    \s*                   # optional whitesapce
    ;                     # semicolon line terminator
  }x;
  
  my $VARNAME_REGEXP = qr{ # match fully-qualified VERSION name
    ([\$*])         # sigil - $ or *
    (
      (             # optional leading package name
        (?:::|\')?  # possibly starting like just :: (Ì  la $::VERSION)
        (?:\w+(?:::|\'))*  # Foo::Bar:: ...
      )?
      VERSION
    )\b
  }x;
  
  my $VERS_REGEXP = qr{ # match a VERSION definition
    (?:
      \(\s*$VARNAME_REGEXP\s*\) # with parens
    |
      $VARNAME_REGEXP           # without parens
    )
    \s*
    =[^=~]  # = but not ==, nor =~
  }x;
  
  
  sub new_from_file {
    my $class    = shift;
    my $filename = File::Spec->rel2abs( shift );
  
    return undef unless defined( $filename ) && -f $filename;
    return $class->_init(undef, $filename, @_);
  }
  
  sub new_from_module {
    my $class   = shift;
    my $module  = shift;
    my %props   = @_;
  
    $props{inc} ||= \@INC;
    my $filename = $class->find_module_by_name( $module, $props{inc} );
    return undef unless defined( $filename ) && -f $filename;
    return $class->_init($module, $filename, %props);
  }
  
  {
    
    my $compare_versions = sub {
      my ($v1, $op, $v2) = @_;
      $v1 = version->new($v1)
        unless UNIVERSAL::isa($v1,'version');
    
      my $eval_str = "\$v1 $op \$v2";
      my $result   = eval $eval_str;
      log_info { "error comparing versions: '$eval_str' $@" } if $@;
    
      return $result;
    };
  
    my $normalize_version = sub {
      my ($version) = @_;
      if ( $version =~ /[=<>!,]/ ) { # logic, not just version
        # take as is without modification
      }
      elsif ( ref $version eq 'version' ) { # version objects
        $version = $version->is_qv ? $version->normal : $version->stringify;
      }
      elsif ( $version =~ /^[^v][^.]*\.[^.]+\./ ) { # no leading v, multiple dots
        # normalize string tuples without "v": "1.2.3" -> "v1.2.3"
        $version = "v$version";
      }
      else {
        # leave alone
      }
      return $version;
    };
  
    # separate out some of the conflict resolution logic
  
    my $resolve_module_versions = sub {
      my $packages = shift;
    
      my( $file, $version );
      my $err = '';
        foreach my $p ( @$packages ) {
          if ( defined( $p->{version} ) ) {
    	if ( defined( $version ) ) {
     	  if ( $compare_versions->( $version, '!=', $p->{version} ) ) {
    	    $err .= "  $p->{file} ($p->{version})\n";
    	  } else {
    	    # same version declared multiple times, ignore
    	  }
    	} else {
    	  $file    = $p->{file};
    	  $version = $p->{version};
    	}
          }
          $file ||= $p->{file} if defined( $p->{file} );
        }
    
      if ( $err ) {
        $err = "  $file ($version)\n" . $err;
      }
    
      my %result = (
        file    => $file,
        version => $version,
        err     => $err
      );
    
      return \%result;
    };
  
    sub package_versions_from_directory {
      my ( $class, $dir, $files ) = @_;
  
      my @files;
  
      if ( $files ) {
        @files = @$files;
      } else {
        find( {
          wanted => sub {
            push @files, $_ if -f $_ && /\.pm$/;
          },
          no_chdir => 1,
        }, $dir );
      }
  
      # First, we enumerate all packages & versions,
      # separating into primary & alternative candidates
      my( %prime, %alt );
      foreach my $file (@files) {
        my $mapped_filename = File::Spec->abs2rel( $file, $dir );
        my @path = split( /\//, $mapped_filename );
        (my $prime_package = join( '::', @path )) =~ s/\.pm$//;
    
        my $pm_info = $class->new_from_file( $file );
    
        foreach my $package ( $pm_info->packages_inside ) {
          next if $package eq 'main';  # main can appear numerous times, ignore
          next if $package eq 'DB';    # special debugging package, ignore
          next if grep /^_/, split( /::/, $package ); # private package, ignore
    
          my $version = $pm_info->version( $package );
    
          if ( $package eq $prime_package ) {
            if ( exists( $prime{$package} ) ) {
              # M::B::ModuleInfo will handle this conflict
              die "Unexpected conflict in '$package'; multiple versions found.\n";
            } else {
              $prime{$package}{file} = $mapped_filename;
              $prime{$package}{version} = $version if defined( $version );
            }
          } else {
            push( @{$alt{$package}}, {
                                      file    => $mapped_filename,
                                      version => $version,
                                     } );
          }
        }
      }
    
      # Then we iterate over all the packages found above, identifying conflicts
      # and selecting the "best" candidate for recording the file & version
      # for each package.
      foreach my $package ( keys( %alt ) ) {
        my $result = $resolve_module_versions->( $alt{$package} );
    
        if ( exists( $prime{$package} ) ) { # primary package selected
    
          if ( $result->{err} ) {
    	# Use the selected primary package, but there are conflicting
    	# errors among multiple alternative packages that need to be
    	# reported
            log_info {
    	    "Found conflicting versions for package '$package'\n" .
    	    "  $prime{$package}{file} ($prime{$package}{version})\n" .
    	    $result->{err}
            };
    
          } elsif ( defined( $result->{version} ) ) {
    	# There is a primary package selected, and exactly one
    	# alternative package
    
    	if ( exists( $prime{$package}{version} ) &&
    	     defined( $prime{$package}{version} ) ) {
    	  # Unless the version of the primary package agrees with the
    	  # version of the alternative package, report a conflict
    	  if ( $compare_versions->(
                   $prime{$package}{version}, '!=', $result->{version}
                 )
               ) {
  
              log_info {
                "Found conflicting versions for package '$package'\n" .
    	      "  $prime{$package}{file} ($prime{$package}{version})\n" .
    	      "  $result->{file} ($result->{version})\n"
              };
    	  }
    
    	} else {
    	  # The prime package selected has no version so, we choose to
    	  # use any alternative package that does have a version
    	  $prime{$package}{file}    = $result->{file};
    	  $prime{$package}{version} = $result->{version};
    	}
    
          } else {
    	# no alt package found with a version, but we have a prime
    	# package so we use it whether it has a version or not
          }
    
        } else { # No primary package was selected, use the best alternative
    
          if ( $result->{err} ) {
            log_info {
              "Found conflicting versions for package '$package'\n" .
    	    $result->{err}
            };
          }
    
          # Despite possible conflicting versions, we choose to record
          # something rather than nothing
          $prime{$package}{file}    = $result->{file};
          $prime{$package}{version} = $result->{version}
    	  if defined( $result->{version} );
        }
      }
    
      # Normalize versions.  Can't use exists() here because of bug in YAML::Node.
      # XXX "bug in YAML::Node" comment seems irrelvant -- dagolden, 2009-05-18
      for (grep defined $_->{version}, values %prime) {
        $_->{version} = $normalize_version->( $_->{version} );
      }
    
      return \%prime;
    }
  } 
    
  
  sub _init {
    my $class    = shift;
    my $module   = shift;
    my $filename = shift;
    my %props = @_;
  
    my( %valid_props, @valid_props );
    @valid_props = qw( collect_pod inc );
    @valid_props{@valid_props} = delete( @props{@valid_props} );
    warn "Unknown properties: @{[keys %props]}\n" if scalar( %props );
  
    my %data = (
      module       => $module,
      filename     => $filename,
      version      => undef,
      packages     => [],
      versions     => {},
      pod          => {},
      pod_headings => [],
      collect_pod  => 0,
  
      %valid_props,
    );
  
    my $self = bless(\%data, $class);
  
    $self->_parse_file();
  
    unless($self->{module} and length($self->{module})) {
      my ($v, $d, $f) = File::Spec->splitpath($self->{filename});
      if($f =~ /\.pm$/) {
        $f =~ s/\..+$//;
        my @candidates = grep /$f$/, @{$self->{packages}};
        $self->{module} = shift(@candidates); # punt
      }
      else {
        if(grep /main/, @{$self->{packages}}) {
          $self->{module} = 'main';
        }
        else {
          $self->{module} = $self->{packages}[0] || '';
        }
      }
    }
  
    $self->{version} = $self->{versions}{$self->{module}}
        if defined( $self->{module} );
  
    return $self;
  }
  
  # class method
  sub _do_find_module {
    my $class   = shift;
    my $module  = shift || die 'find_module_by_name() requires a package name';
    my $dirs    = shift || \@INC;
  
    my $file = File::Spec->catfile(split( /::/, $module));
    foreach my $dir ( @$dirs ) {
      my $testfile = File::Spec->catfile($dir, $file);
      return [ File::Spec->rel2abs( $testfile ), $dir ]
  	if -e $testfile and !-d _;  # For stuff like ExtUtils::xsubpp
      return [ File::Spec->rel2abs( "$testfile.pm" ), $dir ]
  	if -e "$testfile.pm";
    }
    return;
  }
  
  # class method
  sub find_module_by_name {
    my $found = shift()->_do_find_module(@_) or return;
    return $found->[0];
  }
  
  # class method
  sub find_module_dir_by_name {
    my $found = shift()->_do_find_module(@_) or return;
    return $found->[1];
  }
  
  
  # given a line of perl code, attempt to parse it if it looks like a
  # $VERSION assignment, returning sigil, full name, & package name
  sub _parse_version_expression {
    my $self = shift;
    my $line = shift;
  
    my( $sig, $var, $pkg );
    if ( $line =~ $VERS_REGEXP ) {
      ( $sig, $var, $pkg ) = $2 ? ( $1, $2, $3 ) : ( $4, $5, $6 );
      if ( $pkg ) {
        $pkg = ($pkg eq '::') ? 'main' : $pkg;
        $pkg =~ s/::$//;
      }
    }
  
    return ( $sig, $var, $pkg );
  }
  
  sub _parse_file {
    my $self = shift;
  
    my $filename = $self->{filename};
    my $fh = IO::File->new( $filename )
      or die( "Can't open '$filename': $!" );
  
    $self->_parse_fh($fh);
  }
  
  sub _parse_fh {
    my ($self, $fh) = @_;
  
    my( $in_pod, $seen_end, $need_vers ) = ( 0, 0, 0 );
    my( @pkgs, %vers, %pod, @pod );
    my $pkg = 'main';
    my $pod_sect = '';
    my $pod_data = '';
  
    while (defined( my $line = <$fh> )) {
      my $line_num = $.;
  
      chomp( $line );
      next if $line =~ /^\s*#/;
  
      $in_pod = ($line =~ /^=(?!cut)/) ? 1 : ($line =~ /^=cut/) ? 0 : $in_pod;
  
      # Would be nice if we could also check $in_string or something too
      last if !$in_pod && $line =~ /^__(?:DATA|END)__$/;
  
      if ( $in_pod || $line =~ /^=cut/ ) {
  
        if ( $line =~ /^=head\d\s+(.+)\s*$/ ) {
  	push( @pod, $1 );
  	if ( $self->{collect_pod} && length( $pod_data ) ) {
            $pod{$pod_sect} = $pod_data;
            $pod_data = '';
          }
  	$pod_sect = $1;
  
  
        } elsif ( $self->{collect_pod} ) {
  	$pod_data .= "$line\n";
  
        }
  
      } else {
  
        $pod_sect = '';
        $pod_data = '';
  
        # parse $line to see if it's a $VERSION declaration
        my( $vers_sig, $vers_fullname, $vers_pkg ) =
  	  $self->_parse_version_expression( $line );
  
        if ( $line =~ $PKG_REGEXP ) {
          $pkg = $1;
          push( @pkgs, $pkg ) unless grep( $pkg eq $_, @pkgs );
          $vers{$pkg} = (defined $2 ? $2 : undef)  unless exists( $vers{$pkg} );
          $need_vers = defined $2 ? 0 : 1;
  
        # VERSION defined with full package spec, i.e. $Module::VERSION
        } elsif ( $vers_fullname && $vers_pkg ) {
  	push( @pkgs, $vers_pkg ) unless grep( $vers_pkg eq $_, @pkgs );
  	$need_vers = 0 if $vers_pkg eq $pkg;
  
  	unless ( defined $vers{$vers_pkg} && length $vers{$vers_pkg} ) {
  	  $vers{$vers_pkg} =
  	    $self->_evaluate_version_line( $vers_sig, $vers_fullname, $line );
  	} else {
  	  # Warn unless the user is using the "$VERSION = eval
  	  # $VERSION" idiom (though there are probably other idioms
  	  # that we should watch out for...)
  	  warn <<"EOM" unless $line =~ /=\s*eval/;
  Package '$vers_pkg' already declared with version '$vers{$vers_pkg}',
  ignoring subsequent declaration on line $line_num.
  EOM
  	}
  
        # first non-comment line in undeclared package main is VERSION
        } elsif ( !exists($vers{main}) && $pkg eq 'main' && $vers_fullname ) {
  	$need_vers = 0;
  	my $v =
  	  $self->_evaluate_version_line( $vers_sig, $vers_fullname, $line );
  	$vers{$pkg} = $v;
  	push( @pkgs, 'main' );
  
        # first non-comment line in undeclared package defines package main
        } elsif ( !exists($vers{main}) && $pkg eq 'main' && $line =~ /\w+/ ) {
  	$need_vers = 1;
  	$vers{main} = '';
  	push( @pkgs, 'main' );
  
        # only keep if this is the first $VERSION seen
        } elsif ( $vers_fullname && $need_vers ) {
  	$need_vers = 0;
  	my $v =
  	  $self->_evaluate_version_line( $vers_sig, $vers_fullname, $line );
  
  
  	unless ( defined $vers{$pkg} && length $vers{$pkg} ) {
  	  $vers{$pkg} = $v;
  	} else {
  	  warn <<"EOM";
  Package '$pkg' already declared with version '$vers{$pkg}'
  ignoring new version '$v' on line $line_num.
  EOM
  	}
  
        }
  
      }
  
    }
  
    if ( $self->{collect_pod} && length($pod_data) ) {
      $pod{$pod_sect} = $pod_data;
    }
  
    $self->{versions} = \%vers;
    $self->{packages} = \@pkgs;
    $self->{pod} = \%pod;
    $self->{pod_headings} = \@pod;
  }
  
  {
  my $pn = 0;
  sub _evaluate_version_line {
    my $self = shift;
    my( $sigil, $var, $line ) = @_;
  
    # Some of this code came from the ExtUtils:: hierarchy.
  
    # We compile into $vsub because 'use version' would cause
    # compiletime/runtime issues with local()
    my $vsub;
    $pn++; # everybody gets their own package
    my $eval = qq{BEGIN { q#  Hide from _packages_inside()
      #; package Module::Metadata::_version::p$pn;
      use version;
      no strict;
  
      local $sigil$var;
      \$$var=undef;
        \$vsub = sub {
          $line;
          \$$var
        };
    }};
  
    local $^W;
    # Try to get the $VERSION
    eval $eval;
    # some modules say $VERSION = $Foo::Bar::VERSION, but Foo::Bar isn't
    # installed, so we need to hunt in ./lib for it
    if ( $@ =~ /Can't locate/ && -d 'lib' ) {
      local @INC = ('lib',@INC);
      eval $eval;
    }
    warn "Error evaling version line '$eval' in $self->{filename}: $@\n"
      if $@;
    (ref($vsub) eq 'CODE') or
      die "failed to build version sub for $self->{filename}";
    my $result = eval { $vsub->() };
    die "Could not get version from $self->{filename} by executing:\n$eval\n\nThe fatal error was: $@\n"
      if $@;
  
    # Upgrade it into a version object
    my $version = eval { _dwim_version($result) };
  
    die "Version '$result' from $self->{filename} does not appear to be valid:\n$eval\n\nThe fatal error was: $@\n"
      unless defined $version; # "0" is OK!
  
    return $version;
  }
  }
  
  # Try to DWIM when things fail the lax version test in obvious ways
  {
    my @version_prep = (
      # Best case, it just works
      sub { return shift },
  
      # If we still don't have a version, try stripping any
      # trailing junk that is prohibited by lax rules
      sub {
        my $v = shift;
        $v =~ s{([0-9])[a-z-].*$}{$1}i; # 1.23-alpha or 1.23b
        return $v;
      },
  
      # Activestate apparently creates custom versions like '1.23_45_01', which
      # cause version.pm to think it's an invalid alpha.  So check for that
      # and strip them
      sub {
        my $v = shift;
        my $num_dots = () = $v =~ m{(\.)}g;
        my $num_unders = () = $v =~ m{(_)}g;
        my $leading_v = substr($v,0,1) eq 'v';
        if ( ! $leading_v && $num_dots < 2 && $num_unders > 1 ) {
          $v =~ s{_}{}g;
          $num_unders = () = $v =~ m{(_)}g;
        }
        return $v;
      },
  
      # Worst case, try numifying it like we would have before version objects
      sub {
        my $v = shift;
        no warnings 'numeric';
        return 0 + $v;
      },
  
    );
  
    sub _dwim_version {
      my ($result) = shift;
  
      return $result if ref($result) eq 'version';
  
      my ($version, $error);
      for my $f (@version_prep) {
        $result = $f->($result);
        $version = eval { version->new($result) };
        $error ||= $@ if $@; # capture first failure
        last if defined $version;
      }
  
      die $error unless defined $version;
  
      return $version;
    }
  }
  
  ############################################################
  
  # accessors
  sub name            { $_[0]->{module}           }
  
  sub filename        { $_[0]->{filename}         }
  sub packages_inside { @{$_[0]->{packages}}      }
  sub pod_inside      { @{$_[0]->{pod_headings}}  }
  sub contains_pod    { $#{$_[0]->{pod_headings}} }
  
  sub version {
      my $self = shift;
      my $mod  = shift || $self->{module};
      my $vers;
      if ( defined( $mod ) && length( $mod ) &&
  	 exists( $self->{versions}{$mod} ) ) {
  	return $self->{versions}{$mod};
      } else {
  	return undef;
      }
  }
  
  sub pod {
      my $self = shift;
      my $sect = shift;
      if ( defined( $sect ) && length( $sect ) &&
  	 exists( $self->{pod}{$sect} ) ) {
  	return $self->{pod}{$sect};
      } else {
  	return undef;
      }
  }
  
  1;
  
  =head1 NAME
  
  Module::Metadata - Gather package and POD information from perl module files
  
  =head1 DESCRIPTION
  
  =over 4
  
  =item new_from_file($filename, collect_pod => 1)
  
  Construct a C<ModuleInfo> object given the path to a file. Takes an optional
  argument C<collect_pod> which is a boolean that determines whether
  POD data is collected and stored for reference. POD data is not
  collected by default. POD headings are always collected.
  
  =item new_from_module($module, collect_pod => 1, inc => \@dirs)
  
  Construct a C<ModuleInfo> object given a module or package name. In addition
  to accepting the C<collect_pod> argument as described above, this
  method accepts a C<inc> argument which is a reference to an array of
  of directories to search for the module. If none are given, the
  default is @INC.
  
  =item name()
  
  Returns the name of the package represented by this module. If there
  are more than one packages, it makes a best guess based on the
  filename. If it's a script (i.e. not a *.pm) the package name is
  'main'.
  
  =item version($package)
  
  Returns the version as defined by the $VERSION variable for the
  package as returned by the C<name> method if no arguments are
  given. If given the name of a package it will attempt to return the
  version of that package if it is specified in the file.
  
  =item filename()
  
  Returns the absolute path to the file.
  
  =item packages_inside()
  
  Returns a list of packages.
  
  =item pod_inside()
  
  Returns a list of POD sections.
  
  =item contains_pod()
  
  Returns true if there is any POD in the file.
  
  =item pod($section)
  
  Returns the POD data in the given section.
  
  =item find_module_by_name($module, \@dirs)
  
  Returns the path to a module given the module or package name. A list
  of directories can be passed in as an optional parameter, otherwise
  @INC is searched.
  
  Can be called as either an object or a class method.
  
  =item find_module_dir_by_name($module, \@dirs)
  
  Returns the entry in C<@dirs> (or C<@INC> by default) that contains
  the module C<$module>. A list of directories can be passed in as an
  optional parameter, otherwise @INC is searched.
  
  Can be called as either an object or a class method.
  
  =item package_versions_from_directory($dir, \@files?)
  
  Scans C<$dir> for .pm files (unless C<@files> is given, in which case looks
  for those files in C<$dir> - and reads each file for packages and versions,
  returning a hashref of the form:
  
    {
      'Package::Name' => {
        version => '0.123',
        file => 'Package/Name.pm'
      },
      'OtherPackage::Name' => ...
    }
  
  =item log_info (internal)
  
  Used internally to perform logging; imported from Log::Contextual if
  Log::Contextual has already been loaded, otherwise simply calls warn.
  
  =back
  
  =head1 AUTHOR
  
  Ken Williams <kwilliams@cpan.org>, Randy W. Sims <RandyS@ThePierianSpring.org>
  
  Released as Module::Metadata by Matt S Trout (mst) <mst@shadowcat.co.uk> with
  assistance from David Golden (xdg) <dagolden@cpan.org>
  
  =head1 COPYRIGHT
  
  Copyright (c) 2001-2011 Ken Williams.  All rights reserved.
  
  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
  
  =cut
  
MODULE_METADATA

$fatpacked{"Parse/CPAN/Meta.pm"} = <<'PARSE_CPAN_META';
  package Parse::CPAN::Meta;
  
  use strict;
  use Carp 'croak';
  
  # UTF Support?
  sub HAVE_UTF8 () { $] >= 5.007003 }
  BEGIN {
  	if ( HAVE_UTF8 ) {
  		# The string eval helps hide this from Test::MinimumVersion
  		eval "require utf8;";
  		die "Failed to load UTF-8 support" if $@;
  	}
  
  	# Class structure
  	require 5.004;
  	require Exporter;
  	$Parse::CPAN::Meta::VERSION   = '1.40';
  	@Parse::CPAN::Meta::ISA       = qw{ Exporter      };
  	@Parse::CPAN::Meta::EXPORT_OK = qw{ Load LoadFile };
  }
  
  # Prototypes
  sub LoadFile ($);
  sub Load     ($);
  sub _scalar  ($$$);
  sub _array   ($$$);
  sub _hash    ($$$);
  
  # Printable characters for escapes
  my %UNESCAPES = (
  	z => "\x00", a => "\x07", t    => "\x09",
  	n => "\x0a", v => "\x0b", f    => "\x0c",
  	r => "\x0d", e => "\x1b", '\\' => '\\',
  );
  
  
  
  
  
  #####################################################################
  # Implementation
  
  # Create an object from a file
  sub LoadFile ($) {
  	# Check the file
  	my $file = shift;
  	croak('You did not specify a file name')            unless $file;
  	croak( "File '$file' does not exist" )              unless -e $file;
  	croak( "'$file' is a directory, not a file" )       unless -f _;
  	croak( "Insufficient permissions to read '$file'" ) unless -r _;
  
  	# Slurp in the file
  	local $/ = undef;
  	local *CFG;
  	unless ( open( CFG, $file ) ) {
  		croak("Failed to open file '$file': $!");
  	}
  	my $yaml = <CFG>;
  	unless ( close(CFG) ) {
  		croak("Failed to close file '$file': $!");
  	}
  
  	# Hand off to the actual parser
  	Load( $yaml );
  }
  
  # Parse a document from a string.
  # Doing checks on $_[0] prevents us having to do a string copy.
  sub Load ($) {
  	my $string = $_[0];
  	unless ( defined $string ) {
  		croak("Did not provide a string to load");
  	}
  
  	# Byte order marks
  	if ( $string =~ /^(?:\376\377|\377\376|\377\376\0\0|\0\0\376\377)/ ) {
  		croak("Stream has a non UTF-8 Unicode Byte Order Mark");
  	} else {
  		# Strip UTF-8 bom if found, we'll just ignore it
  		$string =~ s/^\357\273\277//;
  	}
  
  	# Try to decode as utf8
  	utf8::decode($string) if HAVE_UTF8;
  
  	# Check for some special cases
  	return () unless length $string;
  	unless ( $string =~ /[\012\015]+\z/ ) {
  		croak("Stream does not end with newline character");
  	}
  
  	# Split the file into lines
  	my @lines = grep { ! /^\s*(?:\#.*)?\z/ }
  	            split /(?:\015{1,2}\012|\015|\012)/, $string;
  
  	# Strip the initial YAML header
  	@lines and $lines[0] =~ /^\%YAML[: ][\d\.]+.*\z/ and shift @lines;
  
  	# A nibbling parser
  	my @documents = ();
  	while ( @lines ) {
  		# Do we have a document header?
  		if ( $lines[0] =~ /^---\s*(?:(.+)\s*)?\z/ ) {
  			# Handle scalar documents
  			shift @lines;
  			if ( defined $1 and $1 !~ /^(?:\#.+|\%YAML[: ][\d\.]+)\z/ ) {
  				push @documents, _scalar( "$1", [ undef ], \@lines );
  				next;
  			}
  		}
  
  		if ( ! @lines or $lines[0] =~ /^(?:---|\.\.\.)/ ) {
  			# A naked document
  			push @documents, undef;
  			while ( @lines and $lines[0] !~ /^---/ ) {
  				shift @lines;
  			}
  
  		} elsif ( $lines[0] =~ /^\s*\-/ ) {
  			# An array at the root
  			my $document = [ ];
  			push @documents, $document;
  			_array( $document, [ 0 ], \@lines );
  
  		} elsif ( $lines[0] =~ /^(\s*)\S/ ) {
  			# A hash at the root
  			my $document = { };
  			push @documents, $document;
  			_hash( $document, [ length($1) ], \@lines );
  
  		} else {
  			croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta failed to classify line '$lines[0]'");
  		}
  	}
  
  	if ( wantarray ) {
  		return @documents;
  	} else {
  		return $documents[-1];
  	}
  }
  
  # Deparse a scalar string to the actual scalar
  sub _scalar ($$$) {
  	my ($string, $indent, $lines) = @_;
  
  	# Trim trailing whitespace
  	$string =~ s/\s*\z//;
  
  	# Explitic null/undef
  	return undef if $string eq '~';
  
  	# Quotes
  	if ( $string =~ /^\'(.*?)\'\z/ ) {
  		return '' unless defined $1;
  		$string = $1;
  		$string =~ s/\'\'/\'/g;
  		return $string;
  	}
  	if ( $string =~ /^\"((?:\\.|[^\"])*)\"\z/ ) {
  		# Reusing the variable is a little ugly,
  		# but avoids a new variable and a string copy.
  		$string = $1;
  		$string =~ s/\\"/"/g;
  		$string =~ s/\\([never\\fartz]|x([0-9a-fA-F]{2}))/(length($1)>1)?pack("H2",$2):$UNESCAPES{$1}/gex;
  		return $string;
  	}
  
  	# Special cases
  	if ( $string =~ /^[\'\"!&]/ ) {
  		croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta does not support a feature in line '$lines->[0]'");
  	}
  	return {} if $string eq '{}';
  	return [] if $string eq '[]';
  
  	# Regular unquoted string
  	return $string unless $string =~ /^[>|]/;
  
  	# Error
  	croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta failed to find multi-line scalar content") unless @$lines;
  
  	# Check the indent depth
  	$lines->[0]   =~ /^(\s*)/;
  	$indent->[-1] = length("$1");
  	if ( defined $indent->[-2] and $indent->[-1] <= $indent->[-2] ) {
  		croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta found bad indenting in line '$lines->[0]'");
  	}
  
  	# Pull the lines
  	my @multiline = ();
  	while ( @$lines ) {
  		$lines->[0] =~ /^(\s*)/;
  		last unless length($1) >= $indent->[-1];
  		push @multiline, substr(shift(@$lines), length($1));
  	}
  
  	my $j = (substr($string, 0, 1) eq '>') ? ' ' : "\n";
  	my $t = (substr($string, 1, 1) eq '-') ? ''  : "\n";
  	return join( $j, @multiline ) . $t;
  }
  
  # Parse an array
  sub _array ($$$) {
  	my ($array, $indent, $lines) = @_;
  
  	while ( @$lines ) {
  		# Check for a new document
  		if ( $lines->[0] =~ /^(?:---|\.\.\.)/ ) {
  			while ( @$lines and $lines->[0] !~ /^---/ ) {
  				shift @$lines;
  			}
  			return 1;
  		}
  
  		# Check the indent level
  		$lines->[0] =~ /^(\s*)/;
  		if ( length($1) < $indent->[-1] ) {
  			return 1;
  		} elsif ( length($1) > $indent->[-1] ) {
  			croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta found bad indenting in line '$lines->[0]'");
  		}
  
  		if ( $lines->[0] =~ /^(\s*\-\s+)[^\'\"]\S*\s*:(?:\s+|$)/ ) {
  			# Inline nested hash
  			my $indent2 = length("$1");
  			$lines->[0] =~ s/-/ /;
  			push @$array, { };
  			_hash( $array->[-1], [ @$indent, $indent2 ], $lines );
  
  		} elsif ( $lines->[0] =~ /^\s*\-(\s*)(.+?)\s*\z/ ) {
  			# Array entry with a value
  			shift @$lines;
  			push @$array, _scalar( "$2", [ @$indent, undef ], $lines );
  
  		} elsif ( $lines->[0] =~ /^\s*\-\s*\z/ ) {
  			shift @$lines;
  			unless ( @$lines ) {
  				push @$array, undef;
  				return 1;
  			}
  			if ( $lines->[0] =~ /^(\s*)\-/ ) {
  				my $indent2 = length("$1");
  				if ( $indent->[-1] == $indent2 ) {
  					# Null array entry
  					push @$array, undef;
  				} else {
  					# Naked indenter
  					push @$array, [ ];
  					_array( $array->[-1], [ @$indent, $indent2 ], $lines );
  				}
  
  			} elsif ( $lines->[0] =~ /^(\s*)\S/ ) {
  				push @$array, { };
  				_hash( $array->[-1], [ @$indent, length("$1") ], $lines );
  
  			} else {
  				croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta failed to classify line '$lines->[0]'");
  			}
  
  		} elsif ( defined $indent->[-2] and $indent->[-1] == $indent->[-2] ) {
  			# This is probably a structure like the following...
  			# ---
  			# foo:
  			# - list
  			# bar: value
  			#
  			# ... so lets return and let the hash parser handle it
  			return 1;
  
  		} else {
  			croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta failed to classify line '$lines->[0]'");
  		}
  	}
  
  	return 1;
  }
  
  # Parse an array
  sub _hash ($$$) {
  	my ($hash, $indent, $lines) = @_;
  
  	while ( @$lines ) {
  		# Check for a new document
  		if ( $lines->[0] =~ /^(?:---|\.\.\.)/ ) {
  			while ( @$lines and $lines->[0] !~ /^---/ ) {
  				shift @$lines;
  			}
  			return 1;
  		}
  
  		# Check the indent level
  		$lines->[0] =~ /^(\s*)/;
  		if ( length($1) < $indent->[-1] ) {
  			return 1;
  		} elsif ( length($1) > $indent->[-1] ) {
  			croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta found bad indenting in line '$lines->[0]'");
  		}
  
  		# Get the key
  		unless ( $lines->[0] =~ s/^\s*([^\'\" ][^\n]*?)\s*:(\s+|$)// ) {
  			if ( $lines->[0] =~ /^\s*[?\'\"]/ ) {
  				croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta does not support a feature in line '$lines->[0]'");
  			}
  			croak("Parse::CPAN::Meta failed to classify line '$lines->[0]'");
  		}
  		my $key = $1;
  
  		# Do we have a value?
  		if ( length $lines->[0] ) {
  			# Yes
  			$hash->{$key} = _scalar( shift(@$lines), [ @$indent, undef ], $lines );
  		} else {
  			# An indent
  			shift @$lines;
  			unless ( @$lines ) {
  				$hash->{$key} = undef;
  				return 1;
  			}
  			if ( $lines->[0] =~ /^(\s*)-/ ) {
  				$hash->{$key} = [];
  				_array( $hash->{$key}, [ @$indent, length($1) ], $lines );
  			} elsif ( $lines->[0] =~ /^(\s*)./ ) {
  				my $indent2 = length("$1");
  				if ( $indent->[-1] >= $indent2 ) {
  					# Null hash entry
  					$hash->{$key} = undef;
  				} else {
  					$hash->{$key} = {};
  					_hash( $hash->{$key}, [ @$indent, length($1) ], $lines );
  				}
  			}
  		}
  	}
  
  	return 1;
  }
  
  1;
  
  __END__
  
  =pod
  
  =head1 NAME
  
  Parse::CPAN::Meta - Parse META.yml and other similar CPAN metadata files
  
  =head1 SYNOPSIS
  
      #############################################
      # In your file
      
      ---
      rootproperty: blah
      section:
        one: two
        three: four
        Foo: Bar
        empty: ~
      
      
      
      #############################################
      # In your program
      
      use Parse::CPAN::Meta;
      
      # Create a YAML file
      my @yaml = Parse::CPAN::Meta::LoadFile( 'Meta.yml' );
      
      # Reading properties
      my $root = $yaml[0]->{rootproperty};
      my $one  = $yaml[0]->{section}->{one};
      my $Foo  = $yaml[0]->{section}->{Foo};
  
  =head1 DESCRIPTION
  
  B<Parse::CPAN::Meta> is a parser for F<META.yml> files, based on the
  parser half of L<YAML::Tiny>.
  
  It supports a basic subset of the full YAML specification, enough to
  implement parsing of typical F<META.yml> files, and other similarly simple
  YAML files.
  
  If you need something with more power, move up to a full YAML parser such
  as L<YAML>, L<YAML::Syck> or L<YAML::LibYAML>.
  
  B<Parse::CPAN::Meta> provides a very simply API of only two functions,
  based on the YAML functions of the same name. Wherever possible,
  identical calling semantics are used.
  
  All error reporting is done with exceptions (die'ing).
  
  =head1 FUNCTIONS
  
  For maintenance clarity, no functions are exported.
  
  =head2 Load
  
    my @yaml = Load( $string );
  
  Parses a string containing a valid YAML stream into a list of Perl data
  structures.
  
  =head2 LoadFile
  
    my @yaml = LoadFile( 'META.yml' );
  
  Reads the YAML stream from a file instead of a string.
  
  =head1 SUPPORT
  
  Bugs should be reported via the CPAN bug tracker at
  
  L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Parse-CPAN-Meta>
  
  =head1 AUTHOR
  
  Adam Kennedy E<lt>adamk@cpan.orgE<gt>
  
  =head1 SEE ALSO
  
  L<YAML>, L<YAML::Syck>, L<Config::Tiny>, L<CSS::Tiny>,
  L<http://use.perl.org/~Alias/journal/29427>, L<http://ali.as/>
  
  =head1 COPYRIGHT
  
  Copyright 2006 - 2009 Adam Kennedy.
  
  This program is free software; you can redistribute
  it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
  
  The full text of the license can be found in the
  LICENSE file included with this module.
  
  =cut
PARSE_CPAN_META

$fatpacked{"lib/core/only.pm"} = <<'LIB_CORE_ONLY';
  package lib::core::only;
  
  use strict;
  use warnings FATAL => 'all';
  use Config;
  
  sub import {
    @INC = @Config{qw(privlibexp archlibexp)};
    return
  }
  
  =head1 NAME
  
  lib::core::only - Remove all non-core paths from @INC to avoid site/vendor dirs
  
  =head1 SYNOPSIS
  
    use lib::core::only; # now @INC contains only the two core directories
  
  To get only the core directories plus the ones for the local::lib in scope:
  
    $ perl -Mlib::core::only -Mlocal::lib=~/perl5 myscript.pl
  
  To attempt to do a self-contained build (but note this will not reliably
  propagate into subprocesses, see the CAVEATS below):
  
    $ PERL5OPT='-Mlib::core::only -Mlocal::lib=~/perl5' cpan
  
  =head1 DESCRIPTION
  
  lib::core::only is simply a shortcut to say "please reduce my @INC to only
  the core lib and archlib (architecture-specific lib) directories of this perl".
  
  You might want to do this to ensure a local::lib contains only the code you
  need, or to test an L<App::FatPacker|App::FatPacker> tree, or to avoid known
  bad vendor packages.
  
  You might want to use this to try and install a self-contained tree of perl
  modules. Be warned that that probably won't work (see L</CAVEATS>).
  
  This module was extracted from L<local::lib|local::lib>'s --self-contained
  feature, and contains the only part that ever worked. I apologise to anybody
  who thought anything else did.
  
  =head1 CAVEATS
  
  This does B<not> propagate properly across perl invocations like local::lib's
  stuff does. It can't. It's only a module import, so it B<only affects the
  specific perl VM instance in which you load and import() it>.
  
  If you want to cascade it across invocations, you can set the PERL5OPT
  environment variable to '-Mlib::core::only' and it'll sort of work. But be
  aware that taint mode ignores this, so some modules' build and test code
  probably will as well.
  
  You also need to be aware that perl's command line options are not processed
  in order - -I options take effect before -M options, so
  
    perl -Mlib::core::only -Ilib
  
  is unlike to do what you want - it's exactly equivalent to:
  
    perl -Mlib::core::only
  
  If you want to combine a core-only @INC with additional paths, you need to
  add the additional paths using -M options and the L<lib|lib> module:
  
    perl -Mlib::core::only -Mlib=lib
  
    # or if you're trying to test compiled code:
  
    perl -Mlib::core::only -Mblib
  
  For more information on the impossibility of sanely propagating this across
  module builds without help from the build program, see
  L<http://www.shadowcat.co.uk/blog/matt-s-trout/tainted-love> - and for ways
  to achieve the old --self-contained feature's results, look at
  L<App::FatPacker|App::FatPacker>'s tree function, and at
  L<App::cpanminus|cpanm>'s --local-lib-contained feature.
  
  =head1 AUTHOR
  
  Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcat.co.uk>
  
  =head1 LICENSE
  
  This library is free software under the same terms as perl itself.
  
  =head1 COPYRIGHT
  
  (c) 2010 the lib::core::only L</AUTHOR> as specified above.
  
  =cut
  
  1;
LIB_CORE_ONLY

$fatpacked{"local/lib.pm"} = <<'LOCAL_LIB';
  use strict;
  use warnings;
  
  package local::lib;
  
  use 5.008001; # probably works with earlier versions but I'm not supporting them
                # (patches would, of course, be welcome)
  
  use File::Spec ();
  use File::Path ();
  use Carp ();
  use Config;
  
  our $VERSION = '1.008001'; # 1.8.1
  
  our @KNOWN_FLAGS = qw(--self-contained);
  
  sub import {
    my ($class, @args) = @_;
  
    # Remember what PERL5LIB was when we started
    my $perl5lib = $ENV{PERL5LIB} || '';
  
    my %arg_store;
    for my $arg (@args) {
      # check for lethal dash first to stop processing before causing problems
      if ($arg =~ /−/) {
        die <<'DEATH';
  WHOA THERE! It looks like you've got some fancy dashes in your commandline!
  These are *not* the traditional -- dashes that software recognizes. You
  probably got these by copy-pasting from the perldoc for this module as
  rendered by a UTF8-capable formatter. This most typically happens on an OS X
  terminal, but can happen elsewhere too. Please try again after replacing the
  dashes with normal minus signs.
  DEATH
      }
      elsif(grep { $arg eq $_ } @KNOWN_FLAGS) {
        (my $flag = $arg) =~ s/--//;
        $arg_store{$flag} = 1;
      }
      elsif($arg =~ /^--/) {
        die "Unknown import argument: $arg";
      }
      else {
        # assume that what's left is a path
        $arg_store{path} = $arg;
      }
    }
  
    if($arg_store{'self-contained'}) {
      die "FATAL: The local::lib --self-contained flag has never worked reliably and the original author, Mark Stosberg, was unable or unwilling to maintain it. As such, this flag has been removed from the local::lib codebase in order to prevent misunderstandings and potentially broken builds. The local::lib authors recommend that you look at the lib::core::only module shipped with this distribution in order to create a more robust environment that is equivalent to what --self-contained provided (although quite possibly not what you originally thought it provided due to the poor quality of the documentation, for which we apologise).\n";
    }
  
    $arg_store{path} = $class->resolve_path($arg_store{path});
    $class->setup_local_lib_for($arg_store{path});
  
    for (@INC) { # Untaint @INC
      next if ref; # Skip entry if it is an ARRAY, CODE, blessed, etc.
      m/(.*)/ and $_ = $1;
    }
  }
  
  sub pipeline;
  
  sub pipeline {
    my @methods = @_;
    my $last = pop(@methods);
    if (@methods) {
      \sub {
        my ($obj, @args) = @_;
        $obj->${pipeline @methods}(
          $obj->$last(@args)
        );
      };
    } else {
      \sub {
        shift->$last(@_);
      };
    }
  }
  
  =begin testing
  
  #:: test pipeline
  
  package local::lib;
  
  { package Foo; sub foo { -$_[1] } sub bar { $_[1]+2 } sub baz { $_[1]+3 } }
  my $foo = bless({}, 'Foo');                                                 
  Test::More::ok($foo->${pipeline qw(foo bar baz)}(10) == -15);
  
  =end testing
  
  =cut
  
  sub _uniq {
      my %seen;
      grep { ! $seen{$_}++ } @_;
  }
  
  sub resolve_path {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    $class->${pipeline qw(
      resolve_relative_path
      resolve_home_path
      resolve_empty_path
    )}($path);
  }
  
  sub resolve_empty_path {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    if (defined $path) {
      $path;
    } else {
      '~/perl5';
    }
  }
  
  =begin testing
  
  #:: test classmethod setup
  
  my $c = 'local::lib';
  
  =end testing
  
  =begin testing
  
  #:: test classmethod
  
  is($c->resolve_empty_path, '~/perl5');
  is($c->resolve_empty_path('foo'), 'foo');
  
  =end testing
  
  =cut
  
  sub resolve_home_path {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    return $path unless ($path =~ /^~/);
    my ($user) = ($path =~ /^~([^\/]+)/); # can assume ^~ so undef for 'us'
    my $tried_file_homedir;
    my $homedir = do {
      if (eval { require File::HomeDir } && $File::HomeDir::VERSION >= 0.65) {
        $tried_file_homedir = 1;
        if (defined $user) {
          File::HomeDir->users_home($user);
        } else {
          File::HomeDir->my_home;
        }
      } else {
        if (defined $user) {
          (getpwnam $user)[7];
        } else {
          if (defined $ENV{HOME}) {
            $ENV{HOME};
          } else {
            (getpwuid $<)[7];
          }
        }
      }
    };
    unless (defined $homedir) {
      Carp::croak(
        "Couldn't resolve homedir for "
        .(defined $user ? $user : 'current user')
        .($tried_file_homedir ? '' : ' - consider installing File::HomeDir')
      );
    }
    $path =~ s/^~[^\/]*/$homedir/;
    $path;
  }
  
  sub resolve_relative_path {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    $path = File::Spec->rel2abs($path);
  }
  
  =begin testing
  
  #:: test classmethod
  
  local *File::Spec::rel2abs = sub { shift; 'FOO'.shift; };
  is($c->resolve_relative_path('bar'),'FOObar');
  
  =end testing
  
  =cut
  
  sub setup_local_lib_for {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    $path = $class->ensure_dir_structure_for($path);
    if ($0 eq '-') {
      $class->print_environment_vars_for($path);
      exit 0;
    } else {
      $class->setup_env_hash_for($path);
      @INC = _uniq(split($Config{path_sep}, $ENV{PERL5LIB}), @INC);
    }
  }
  
  sub install_base_bin_path {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    File::Spec->catdir($path, 'bin');
  }
  
  sub install_base_perl_path {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    File::Spec->catdir($path, 'lib', 'perl5');
  }
  
  sub install_base_arch_path {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    File::Spec->catdir($class->install_base_perl_path($path), $Config{archname});
  }
  
  sub ensure_dir_structure_for {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    unless (-d $path) {
      warn "Attempting to create directory ${path}\n";
    }
    File::Path::mkpath($path);
    # Need to have the path exist to make a short name for it, so
    # converting to a short name here.
    $path = Win32::GetShortPathName($path) if $^O eq 'MSWin32';
  
    return $path;
  }
  
  sub INTERPOLATE_ENV () { 1 }
  sub LITERAL_ENV     () { 0 }
  
  sub guess_shelltype {
    my $shellbin = 'sh';
    if(defined $ENV{'SHELL'}) {
        my @shell_bin_path_parts = File::Spec->splitpath($ENV{'SHELL'});
        $shellbin = $shell_bin_path_parts[-1];
    }
    my $shelltype = do {
        local $_ = $shellbin;
        if(/csh/) {
            'csh'
        } else {
            'bourne'
        }
    };
  
    # Both Win32 and Cygwin have $ENV{COMSPEC} set.
    if (defined $ENV{'COMSPEC'} && $^O ne 'cygwin') {
        my @shell_bin_path_parts = File::Spec->splitpath($ENV{'COMSPEC'});
        $shellbin = $shell_bin_path_parts[-1];
           $shelltype = do {
                   local $_ = $shellbin;
                   if(/command\.com/) {
                           'win32'
                   } elsif(/cmd\.exe/) {
                           'win32'
                   } elsif(/4nt\.exe/) {
                           'win32'
                   } else {
                           $shelltype
                   }
           };
    }
    return $shelltype;
  }
  
  sub print_environment_vars_for {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    print $class->environment_vars_string_for($path);
  }
  
  sub environment_vars_string_for {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    my @envs = $class->build_environment_vars_for($path, LITERAL_ENV);
    my $out = '';
  
    # rather basic csh detection, goes on the assumption that something won't
    # call itself csh unless it really is. also, default to bourne in the
    # pathological situation where a user doesn't have $ENV{SHELL} defined.
    # note also that shells with funny names, like zoid, are assumed to be
    # bourne.
  
    my $shelltype = $class->guess_shelltype;
  
    while (@envs) {
      my ($name, $value) = (shift(@envs), shift(@envs));
      $value =~ s/(\\")/\\$1/g;
      $out .= $class->${\"build_${shelltype}_env_declaration"}($name, $value);
    }
    return $out;
  }
  
  # simple routines that take two arguments: an %ENV key and a value. return
  # strings that are suitable for passing directly to the relevant shell to set
  # said key to said value.
  sub build_bourne_env_declaration {
    my $class = shift;
    my($name, $value) = @_;
    return qq{export ${name}="${value}"\n};
  }
  
  sub build_csh_env_declaration {
    my $class = shift;
    my($name, $value) = @_;
    return qq{setenv ${name} "${value}"\n};
  }
  
  sub build_win32_env_declaration {
    my $class = shift;
    my($name, $value) = @_;
    return qq{set ${name}=${value}\n};
  }
  
  sub setup_env_hash_for {
    my ($class, $path) = @_;
    my %envs = $class->build_environment_vars_for($path, INTERPOLATE_ENV);
    @ENV{keys %envs} = values %envs;
  }
  
  sub build_environment_vars_for {
    my ($class, $path, $interpolate) = @_;
    return (
      PERL_LOCAL_LIB_ROOT => $path,
      PERL_MB_OPT => "--install_base ${path}",
      PERL_MM_OPT => "INSTALL_BASE=${path}",
      PERL5LIB => join($Config{path_sep},
                    $class->install_base_arch_path($path),
                    $class->install_base_perl_path($path),
                    (($ENV{PERL5LIB}||()) ?
                      ($interpolate == INTERPOLATE_ENV
                        ? ($ENV{PERL5LIB})
                        : (($^O ne 'MSWin32') ? '$PERL5LIB' : '%PERL5LIB%' ))
                      : ())
                  ),
      PATH => join($Config{path_sep},
                $class->install_base_bin_path($path),
                ($interpolate == INTERPOLATE_ENV
                  ? ($ENV{PATH}||())
                  : (($^O ne 'MSWin32') ? '$PATH' : '%PATH%' ))
               ),
    )
  }
  
  =begin testing
  
  #:: test classmethod
  
  File::Path::rmtree('t/var/splat');
  
  $c->ensure_dir_structure_for('t/var/splat');
  
  ok(-d 't/var/splat');
  
  =end testing
  
  =encoding utf8
  
  =head1 NAME
  
  local::lib - create and use a local lib/ for perl modules with PERL5LIB
  
  =head1 SYNOPSIS
  
  In code -
  
    use local::lib; # sets up a local lib at ~/perl5
  
    use local::lib '~/foo'; # same, but ~/foo
  
    # Or...
    use FindBin;
    use local::lib "$FindBin::Bin/../support";  # app-local support library
  
  From the shell -
  
    # Install LWP and its missing dependencies to the '~/perl5' directory
    perl -MCPAN -Mlocal::lib -e 'CPAN::install(LWP)'
  
    # Just print out useful shell commands
    $ perl -Mlocal::lib
    export PERL_MB_OPT='--install_base /home/username/perl5'
    export PERL_MM_OPT='INSTALL_BASE=/home/username/perl5'
    export PERL5LIB='/home/username/perl5/lib/perl5/i386-linux:/home/username/perl5/lib/perl5'
    export PATH="/home/username/perl5/bin:$PATH"
  
  =head2 The bootstrapping technique
  
  A typical way to install local::lib is using what is known as the
  "bootstrapping" technique.  You would do this if your system administrator
  hasn't already installed local::lib.  In this case, you'll need to install
  local::lib in your home directory. 
  
  If you do have administrative privileges, you will still want to set up your 
  environment variables, as discussed in step 4. Without this, you would still
  install the modules into the system CPAN installation and also your Perl scripts
  will not use the lib/ path you bootstrapped with local::lib.
  
  By default local::lib installs itself and the CPAN modules into ~/perl5.
  
  Windows users must also see L</Differences when using this module under Win32>.
  
  1. Download and unpack the local::lib tarball from CPAN (search for "Download"
  on the CPAN page about local::lib).  Do this as an ordinary user, not as root
  or administrator.  Unpack the file in your home directory or in any other
  convenient location.
  
  2. Run this:
  
    perl Makefile.PL --bootstrap
  
  If the system asks you whether it should automatically configure as much
  as possible, you would typically answer yes.
  
  In order to install local::lib into a directory other than the default, you need
  to specify the name of the directory when you call bootstrap, as follows:
  
    perl Makefile.PL --bootstrap=~/foo
  
  3. Run this: (local::lib assumes you have make installed on your system)
  
    make test && make install
  
  4. Now we need to setup the appropriate environment variables, so that Perl 
  starts using our newly generated lib/ directory. If you are using bash or
  any other Bourne shells, you can add this to your shell startup script this
  way:
  
    echo 'eval $(perl -I$HOME/perl5/lib/perl5 -Mlocal::lib)' >>~/.bashrc
  
  If you are using C shell, you can do this as follows:
  
    /bin/csh
    echo $SHELL
    /bin/csh
    perl -I$HOME/perl5/lib/perl5 -Mlocal::lib >> ~/.cshrc
  
  If you passed to bootstrap a directory other than default, you also need to give that as 
  import parameter to the call of the local::lib module like this way:
  
    echo 'eval $(perl -I$HOME/foo/lib/perl5 -Mlocal::lib=$HOME/foo)' >>~/.bashrc
  
  After writing your shell configuration file, be sure to re-read it to get the
  changed settings into your current shell's environment. Bourne shells use 
  C<. ~/.bashrc> for this, whereas C shells use C<source ~/.cshrc>.
  
  If you're on a slower machine, or are operating under draconian disk space
  limitations, you can disable the automatic generation of manpages from POD when
  installing modules by using the C<--no-manpages> argument when bootstrapping:
  
    perl Makefile.PL --bootstrap --no-manpages
  
  To avoid doing several bootstrap for several Perl module environments on the 
  same account, for example if you use it for several different deployed 
  applications independently, you can use one bootstrapped local::lib 
  installation to install modules in different directories directly this way:
  
    cd ~/mydir1
    perl -Mlocal::lib=./
    eval $(perl -Mlocal::lib=./)  ### To set the environment for this shell alone
    printenv                      ### You will see that ~/mydir1 is in the PERL5LIB
    perl -MCPAN -e install ...    ### whatever modules you want
    cd ../mydir2
    ... REPEAT ...
  
  For multiple environments for multiple apps you may need to include a modified
  version of the C<< use FindBin >> instructions in the "In code" sample above.
  If you did something like the above, you have a set of Perl modules at C<<
  ~/mydir1/lib >>. If you have a script at C<< ~/mydir1/scripts/myscript.pl >>,
  you need to tell it where to find the modules you installed for it at C<<
  ~/mydir1/lib >>.
  
  In C<< ~/mydir1/scripts/myscript.pl >>:
  
    use strict;
    use warnings;
    use local::lib "$FindBin::Bin/..";  ### points to ~/mydir1 and local::lib finds lib
    use lib "$FindBin::Bin/../lib";     ### points to ~/mydir1/lib
  
  Put this before any BEGIN { ... } blocks that require the modules you installed.
  
  =head2 Differences when using this module under Win32
  
  To set up the proper environment variables for your current session of
  C<CMD.exe>, you can use this:
  
    C:\>perl -Mlocal::lib
    set PERL_MB_OPT=--install_base C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\perl5
    set PERL_MM_OPT=INSTALL_BASE=C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\perl5
    set PERL5LIB=C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\perl5\lib\perl5;C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\perl5\lib\perl5\MSWin32-x86-multi-thread
    set PATH=C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\perl5\bin;%PATH%
    
    ### To set the environment for this shell alone
    C:\>perl -Mlocal::lib > %TEMP%\tmp.bat && %TEMP%\tmp.bat && del %TEMP%\temp.bat
    ### instead of $(perl -Mlocal::lib=./)
  
  If you want the environment entries to persist, you'll need to add then to the
  Control Panel's System applet yourself or use L<App::local::lib::Win32Helper>.
  
  The "~" is translated to the user's profile directory (the directory named for
  the user under "Documents and Settings" (Windows XP or earlier) or "Users"
  (Windows Vista or later)) unless $ENV{HOME} exists. After that, the home
  directory is translated to a short name (which means the directory must exist)
  and the subdirectories are created.
  
  =head1 RATIONALE
  
  The version of a Perl package on your machine is not always the version you
  need.  Obviously, the best thing to do would be to update to the version you
  need.  However, you might be in a situation where you're prevented from doing
  this.  Perhaps you don't have system administrator privileges; or perhaps you
  are using a package management system such as Debian, and nobody has yet gotten
  around to packaging up the version you need.
  
  local::lib solves this problem by allowing you to create your own directory of
  Perl packages downloaded from CPAN (in a multi-user system, this would typically
  be within your own home directory).  The existing system Perl installation is
  not affected; you simply invoke Perl with special options so that Perl uses the
  packages in your own local package directory rather than the system packages.
  local::lib arranges things so that your locally installed version of the Perl
  packages takes precedence over the system installation.
  
  If you are using a package management system (such as Debian), you don't need to
  worry about Debian and CPAN stepping on each other's toes.  Your local version
  of the packages will be written to an entirely separate directory from those
  installed by Debian.  
  
  =head1 DESCRIPTION
  
  This module provides a quick, convenient way of bootstrapping a user-local Perl
  module library located within the user's home directory. It also constructs and
  prints out for the user the list of environment variables using the syntax
  appropriate for the user's current shell (as specified by the C<SHELL>
  environment variable), suitable for directly adding to one's shell
  configuration file.
  
  More generally, local::lib allows for the bootstrapping and usage of a
  directory containing Perl modules outside of Perl's C<@INC>. This makes it
  easier to ship an application with an app-specific copy of a Perl module, or
  collection of modules. Useful in cases like when an upstream maintainer hasn't
  applied a patch to a module of theirs that you need for your application.
  
  On import, local::lib sets the following environment variables to appropriate
  values:
  
  =over 4
  
  =item PERL_MB_OPT
  
  =item PERL_MM_OPT
  
  =item PERL5LIB
  
  =item PATH
  
  PATH is appended to, rather than clobbered.
  
  =back
  
  These values are then available for reference by any code after import.
  
  =head1 CREATING A SELF-CONTAINED SET OF MODULES
  
  See L<lib::core::only> for one way to do this - but note that
  there are a number of caveats, and the best approach is always to perform a
  build against a clean perl (i.e. site and vendor as close to empty as possible).
  
  =head1 METHODS
  
  =head2 ensure_dir_structure_for
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: None
  
  =back
  
  Attempts to create the given path, and all required parent directories. Throws
  an exception on failure.
  
  =head2 print_environment_vars_for
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: None
  
  =back
  
  Prints to standard output the variables listed above, properly set to use the
  given path as the base directory.
  
  =head2 build_environment_vars_for
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path, $interpolate
  
  =item Return value: \%environment_vars
  
  =back
  
  Returns a hash with the variables listed above, properly set to use the
  given path as the base directory.
  
  =head2 setup_env_hash_for
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: None
  
  =back
  
  Constructs the C<%ENV> keys for the given path, by calling
  L</build_environment_vars_for>.
  
  =head2 install_base_perl_path
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: $install_base_perl_path
  
  =back
  
  Returns a path describing where to install the Perl modules for this local
  library installation. Appends the directories C<lib> and C<perl5> to the given
  path.
  
  =head2 install_base_arch_path
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: $install_base_arch_path
  
  =back
  
  Returns a path describing where to install the architecture-specific Perl
  modules for this local library installation. Based on the
  L</install_base_perl_path> method's return value, and appends the value of
  C<$Config{archname}>.
  
  =head2 install_base_bin_path
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: $install_base_bin_path
  
  =back
  
  Returns a path describing where to install the executable programs for this
  local library installation. Based on the L</install_base_perl_path> method's
  return value, and appends the directory C<bin>.
  
  =head2 resolve_empty_path
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: $base_path
  
  =back
  
  Builds and returns the base path into which to set up the local module
  installation. Defaults to C<~/perl5>.
  
  =head2 resolve_home_path
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: $home_path
  
  =back
  
  Attempts to find the user's home directory. If installed, uses C<File::HomeDir>
  for this purpose. If no definite answer is available, throws an exception.
  
  =head2 resolve_relative_path
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: $absolute_path
  
  =back
  
  Translates the given path into an absolute path.
  
  =head2 resolve_path
  
  =over 4
  
  =item Arguments: $path
  
  =item Return value: $absolute_path
  
  =back
  
  Calls the following in a pipeline, passing the result from the previous to the
  next, in an attempt to find where to configure the environment for a local
  library installation: L</resolve_empty_path>, L</resolve_home_path>,
  L</resolve_relative_path>. Passes the given path argument to
  L</resolve_empty_path> which then returns a result that is passed to
  L</resolve_home_path>, which then has its result passed to
  L</resolve_relative_path>. The result of this final call is returned from
  L</resolve_path>.
  
  =head1 A WARNING ABOUT UNINST=1
  
  Be careful about using local::lib in combination with "make install UNINST=1".
  The idea of this feature is that will uninstall an old version of a module
  before installing a new one. However it lacks a safety check that the old
  version and the new version will go in the same directory. Used in combination
  with local::lib, you can potentially delete a globally accessible version of a
  module while installing the new version in a local place. Only combine "make
  install UNINST=1" and local::lib if you understand these possible consequences.
  
  =head1 LIMITATIONS
  
  The perl toolchain is unable to handle directory names with spaces in it,
  so you cant put your local::lib bootstrap into a directory with spaces. What
  you can do is moving your local::lib to a directory with spaces B<after> you
  installed all modules inside your local::lib bootstrap. But be aware that you
  cant update or install CPAN modules after the move.
  
  Rather basic shell detection. Right now anything with csh in its name is
  assumed to be a C shell or something compatible, and everything else is assumed
  to be Bourne, except on Win32 systems. If the C<SHELL> environment variable is
  not set, a Bourne-compatible shell is assumed.
  
  Bootstrap is a hack and will use CPAN.pm for ExtUtils::MakeMaker even if you
  have CPANPLUS installed.
  
  Kills any existing PERL5LIB, PERL_MM_OPT or PERL_MB_OPT.
  
  Should probably auto-fixup CPAN config if not already done.
  
  Patches very much welcome for any of the above.
  
  On Win32 systems, does not have a way to write the created environment variables
  to the registry, so that they can persist through a reboot.
  
  =head1 TROUBLESHOOTING
  
  If you've configured local::lib to install CPAN modules somewhere in to your
  home directory, and at some point later you try to install a module with C<cpan
  -i Foo::Bar>, but it fails with an error like: C<Warning: You do not have
  permissions to install into /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux at
  /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/Foo/Bar.pm> and buried within the install log is an
  error saying C<'INSTALL_BASE' is not a known MakeMaker parameter name>, then
  you've somehow lost your updated ExtUtils::MakeMaker module.
  
  To remedy this situation, rerun the bootstrapping procedure documented above.
  
  Then, run C<rm -r ~/.cpan/build/Foo-Bar*>
  
  Finally, re-run C<cpan -i Foo::Bar> and it should install without problems.
  
  =head1 ENVIRONMENT
  
  =over 4
  
  =item SHELL
  
  =item COMSPEC
  
  local::lib looks at the user's C<SHELL> environment variable when printing out
  commands to add to the shell configuration file.
  
  On Win32 systems, C<COMSPEC> is also examined.
  
  =back
  
  =head1 SUPPORT
  
  IRC:
  
      Join #local-lib on irc.perl.org.
  
  =head1 AUTHOR
  
  Matt S Trout <mst@shadowcat.co.uk> http://www.shadowcat.co.uk/
  
  auto_install fixes kindly sponsored by http://www.takkle.com/
  
  =head1 CONTRIBUTORS
  
  Patches to correctly output commands for csh style shells, as well as some
  documentation additions, contributed by Christopher Nehren <apeiron@cpan.org>.
  
  Doc patches for a custom local::lib directory, more cleanups in the english
  documentation and a L<german documentation|POD2::DE::local::lib> contributed by Torsten Raudssus
  <torsten@raudssus.de>.
  
  Hans Dieter Pearcey <hdp@cpan.org> sent in some additional tests for ensuring
  things will install properly, submitted a fix for the bug causing problems with
  writing Makefiles during bootstrapping, contributed an example program, and
  submitted yet another fix to ensure that local::lib can install and bootstrap
  properly. Many, many thanks!
  
  pattern of Freenode IRC contributed the beginnings of the Troubleshooting
  section. Many thanks!
  
  Patch to add Win32 support contributed by Curtis Jewell <csjewell@cpan.org>.
  
  Warnings for missing PATH/PERL5LIB (as when not running interactively) silenced
  by a patch from Marco Emilio Poleggi.
  
  Mark Stosberg <mark@summersault.com> provided the code for the now deleted
  '--self-contained' option.
  
  Documentation patches to make win32 usage clearer by
  David Mertens <dcmertens.perl@gmail.com> (run4flat).
  
  Brazilian L<portuguese translation|POD2::PT_BR::local::lib> and minor doc patches contributed by Breno
  G. de Oliveira <garu@cpan.org>.
  
  =head1 COPYRIGHT
  
  Copyright (c) 2007 - 2010 the local::lib L</AUTHOR> and L</CONTRIBUTORS> as
  listed above.
  
  =head1 LICENSE
  
  This library is free software and may be distributed under the same terms
  as perl itself.
  
  =cut
  
  1;
LOCAL_LIB

$fatpacked{"version.pm"} = <<'VERSION';
  #!perl -w
  package version;
  
  use 5.005_04;
  use strict;
  
  use vars qw(@ISA $VERSION $CLASS $STRICT $LAX *declare *qv);
  
  $VERSION = 0.88;
  
  $CLASS = 'version';
  
  #--------------------------------------------------------------------------#
  # Version regexp components
  #--------------------------------------------------------------------------#
  
  # Fraction part of a decimal version number.  This is a common part of
  # both strict and lax decimal versions
  
  my $FRACTION_PART = qr/\.[0-9]+/;
  
  # First part of either decimal or dotted-decimal strict version number.
  # Unsigned integer with no leading zeroes (except for zero itself) to
  # avoid confusion with octal.
  
  my $STRICT_INTEGER_PART = qr/0|[1-9][0-9]*/;
  
  # First part of either decimal or dotted-decimal lax version number.
  # Unsigned integer, but allowing leading zeros.  Always interpreted
  # as decimal.  However, some forms of the resulting syntax give odd
  # results if used as ordinary Perl expressions, due to how perl treats
  # octals.  E.g.
  #   version->new("010" ) == 10
  #   version->new( 010  ) == 8
  #   version->new( 010.2) == 82  # "8" . "2"
  
  my $LAX_INTEGER_PART = qr/[0-9]+/;
  
  # Second and subsequent part of a strict dotted-decimal version number.
  # Leading zeroes are permitted, and the number is always decimal.
  # Limited to three digits to avoid overflow when converting to decimal
  # form and also avoid problematic style with excessive leading zeroes.
  
  my $STRICT_DOTTED_DECIMAL_PART = qr/\.[0-9]{1,3}/;
  
  # Second and subsequent part of a lax dotted-decimal version number.
  # Leading zeroes are permitted, and the number is always decimal.  No
  # limit on the numerical value or number of digits, so there is the
  # possibility of overflow when converting to decimal form.
  
  my $LAX_DOTTED_DECIMAL_PART = qr/\.[0-9]+/;
  
  # Alpha suffix part of lax version number syntax.  Acts like a
  # dotted-decimal part.
  
  my $LAX_ALPHA_PART = qr/_[0-9]+/;
  
  #--------------------------------------------------------------------------#
  # Strict version regexp definitions
  #--------------------------------------------------------------------------#
  
  # Strict decimal version number.
  
  my $STRICT_DECIMAL_VERSION =
      qr/ $STRICT_INTEGER_PART $FRACTION_PART? /x;
  
  # Strict dotted-decimal version number.  Must have both leading "v" and
  # at least three parts, to avoid confusion with decimal syntax.
  
  my $STRICT_DOTTED_DECIMAL_VERSION =
      qr/ v $STRICT_INTEGER_PART $STRICT_DOTTED_DECIMAL_PART{2,} /x;
  
  # Complete strict version number syntax -- should generally be used
  # anchored: qr/ \A $STRICT \z /x
  
  $STRICT =
      qr/ $STRICT_DECIMAL_VERSION | $STRICT_DOTTED_DECIMAL_VERSION /x;
  
  #--------------------------------------------------------------------------#
  # Lax version regexp definitions
  #--------------------------------------------------------------------------#
  
  # Lax decimal version number.  Just like the strict one except for
  # allowing an alpha suffix or allowing a leading or trailing
  # decimal-point
  
  my $LAX_DECIMAL_VERSION =
      qr/ $LAX_INTEGER_PART (?: \. | $FRACTION_PART $LAX_ALPHA_PART? )?
  	|
  	$FRACTION_PART $LAX_ALPHA_PART?
      /x;
  
  # Lax dotted-decimal version number.  Distinguished by having either
  # leading "v" or at least three non-alpha parts.  Alpha part is only
  # permitted if there are at least two non-alpha parts. Strangely
  # enough, without the leading "v", Perl takes .1.2 to mean v0.1.2,
  # so when there is no "v", the leading part is optional
  
  my $LAX_DOTTED_DECIMAL_VERSION =
      qr/
  	v $LAX_INTEGER_PART (?: $LAX_DOTTED_DECIMAL_PART+ $LAX_ALPHA_PART? )?
  	|
  	$LAX_INTEGER_PART? $LAX_DOTTED_DECIMAL_PART{2,} $LAX_ALPHA_PART?
      /x;
  
  # Complete lax version number syntax -- should generally be used
  # anchored: qr/ \A $LAX \z /x
  #
  # The string 'undef' is a special case to make for easier handling
  # of return values from ExtUtils::MM->parse_version
  
  $LAX =
      qr/ undef | $LAX_DECIMAL_VERSION | $LAX_DOTTED_DECIMAL_VERSION /x;
  
  #--------------------------------------------------------------------------#
  
  eval "use version::vxs $VERSION";
  if ( $@ ) { # don't have the XS version installed
      eval "use version::vpp $VERSION"; # don't tempt fate
      die "$@" if ( $@ );
      push @ISA, "version::vpp";
      local $^W;
      *version::qv = \&version::vpp::qv;
      *version::declare = \&version::vpp::declare;
      *version::_VERSION = \&version::vpp::_VERSION;
      if ($] >= 5.009000 && $] < 5.011004) {
  	no strict 'refs';
  	*version::stringify = \&version::vpp::stringify;
  	*{'version::(""'} = \&version::vpp::stringify;
  	*version::new = \&version::vpp::new;
  	*version::parse = \&version::vpp::parse;
      }
  }
  else { # use XS module
      push @ISA, "version::vxs";
      local $^W;
      *version::declare = \&version::vxs::declare;
      *version::qv = \&version::vxs::qv;
      *version::_VERSION = \&version::vxs::_VERSION;
      *version::vcmp = \&version::vxs::VCMP;
      if ($] >= 5.009000 && $] < 5.011004) {
  	no strict 'refs';
  	*version::stringify = \&version::vxs::stringify;
  	*{'version::(""'} = \&version::vxs::stringify;
  	*version::new = \&version::vxs::new;
  	*version::parse = \&version::vxs::parse;
      }
  
  }
  
  # Preloaded methods go here.
  sub import {
      no strict 'refs';
      my ($class) = shift;
  
      # Set up any derived class
      unless ($class eq 'version') {
  	local $^W;
  	*{$class.'::declare'} =  \&version::declare;
  	*{$class.'::qv'} = \&version::qv;
      }
  
      my %args;
      if (@_) { # any remaining terms are arguments
  	map { $args{$_} = 1 } @_
      }
      else { # no parameters at all on use line
      	%args = 
  	(
  	    qv => 1,
  	    'UNIVERSAL::VERSION' => 1,
  	);
      }
  
      my $callpkg = caller();
      
      if (exists($args{declare})) {
  	*{$callpkg.'::declare'} = 
  	    sub {return $class->declare(shift) }
  	  unless defined(&{$callpkg.'::declare'});
      }
  
      if (exists($args{qv})) {
  	*{$callpkg.'::qv'} =
  	    sub {return $class->qv(shift) }
  	  unless defined(&{$callpkg.'::qv'});
      }
  
      if (exists($args{'UNIVERSAL::VERSION'})) {
  	local $^W;
  	*UNIVERSAL::VERSION 
  		= \&version::_VERSION;
      }
  
      if (exists($args{'VERSION'})) {
  	*{$callpkg.'::VERSION'} = \&version::_VERSION;
      }
  
      if (exists($args{'is_strict'})) {
  	*{$callpkg.'::is_strict'} = \&version::is_strict
  	  unless defined(&{$callpkg.'::is_strict'});
      }
  
      if (exists($args{'is_lax'})) {
  	*{$callpkg.'::is_lax'} = \&version::is_lax
  	  unless defined(&{$callpkg.'::is_lax'});
      }
  }
  
  sub is_strict	{ defined $_[0] && $_[0] =~ qr/ \A $STRICT \z /x }
  sub is_lax	{ defined $_[0] && $_[0] =~ qr/ \A $LAX \z /x }
  
  1;
VERSION

$fatpacked{"version/vpp.pm"} = <<'VERSION_VPP';
  package charstar;
  # a little helper class to emulate C char* semantics in Perl
  # so that prescan_version can use the same code as in C
  
  use overload (
      '""'	=> \&thischar,
      '0+'	=> \&thischar,
      '++'	=> \&increment,
      '--'	=> \&decrement,
      '+'		=> \&plus,
      '-'		=> \&minus,
      '*'		=> \&multiply,
      'cmp'	=> \&cmp,
      '<=>'	=> \&spaceship,
      'bool'	=> \&thischar,
      '='		=> \&clone,
  );
  
  sub new {
      my ($self, $string) = @_;
      my $class = ref($self) || $self;
  
      my $obj = {
  	string  => [split(//,$string)],
  	current => 0,
      };
      return bless $obj, $class;
  }
  
  sub thischar {
      my ($self) = @_;
      my $last = $#{$self->{string}};
      my $curr = $self->{current};
      if ($curr >= 0 && $curr <= $last) {
  	return $self->{string}->[$curr];
      }
      else {
  	return '';
      }
  }
  
  sub increment {
      my ($self) = @_;
      $self->{current}++;
  }
  
  sub decrement {
      my ($self) = @_;
      $self->{current}--;
  }
  
  sub plus {
      my ($self, $offset) = @_;
      my $rself = $self->clone;
      $rself->{current} += $offset;
      return $rself;
  }
  
  sub minus {
      my ($self, $offset) = @_;
      my $rself = $self->clone;
      $rself->{current} -= $offset;
      return $rself;
  }
  
  sub multiply {
      my ($left, $right, $swapped) = @_;
      my $char = $left->thischar();
      return $char * $right;
  }
  
  sub spaceship {
      my ($left, $right, $swapped) = @_;
      unless (ref($right)) { # not an object already
  	$right = $left->new($right);
      }
      return $left->{current} <=> $right->{current};
  }
  
  sub cmp {
      my ($left, $right, $swapped) = @_;
      unless (ref($right)) { # not an object already
  	if (length($right) == 1) { # comparing single character only
  	    return $left->thischar cmp $right;
  	}
  	$right = $left->new($right);
      }
      return $left->currstr cmp $right->currstr;
  }
  
  sub bool {
      my ($self) = @_;
      my $char = $self->thischar;
      return ($char ne '');
  }
  
  sub clone {
      my ($left, $right, $swapped) = @_;
      $right = {
  	string  => [@{$left->{string}}],
  	current => $left->{current},
      };
      return bless $right, ref($left);
  }
  
  sub currstr {
      my ($self, $s) = @_;
      my $curr = $self->{current};
      my $last = $#{$self->{string}};
      if (defined($s) && $s->{current} < $last) {
  	$last = $s->{current};
      }
  
      my $string = join('', @{$self->{string}}[$curr..$last]);
      return $string;
  }
  
  package version::vpp;
  use strict;
  
  use POSIX qw/locale_h/;
  use locale;
  use vars qw ($VERSION @ISA @REGEXS);
  $VERSION = 0.88;
  
  use overload (
      '""'       => \&stringify,
      '0+'       => \&numify,
      'cmp'      => \&vcmp,
      '<=>'      => \&vcmp,
      'bool'     => \&vbool,
      'nomethod' => \&vnoop,
  );
  
  eval "use warnings";
  if ($@) {
      eval '
  	package warnings;
  	sub enabled {return $^W;}
  	1;
      ';
  }
  
  my $VERSION_MAX = 0x7FFFFFFF;
  
  # implement prescan_version as closely to the C version as possible
  use constant TRUE  => 1;
  use constant FALSE => 0;
  
  sub isDIGIT {
      my ($char) = shift->thischar();
      return ($char =~ /\d/);
  }
  
  sub isALPHA {
      my ($char) = shift->thischar();
      return ($char =~ /[a-zA-Z]/);
  }
  
  sub isSPACE {
      my ($char) = shift->thischar();
      return ($char =~ /\s/);
  }
  
  sub BADVERSION {
      my ($s, $errstr, $error) = @_;
      if ($errstr) {
  	$$errstr = $error;
      }
      return $s;
  }
  
  sub prescan_version {
      my ($s, $strict, $errstr, $sqv, $ssaw_decimal, $swidth, $salpha) = @_;
      my $qv          = defined $sqv          ? $$sqv          : FALSE;
      my $saw_decimal = defined $ssaw_decimal ? $$ssaw_decimal : 0;
      my $width       = defined $swidth       ? $$swidth       : 3;
      my $alpha       = defined $salpha       ? $$salpha       : FALSE;
  
      my $d = $s;
  
      if ($qv && isDIGIT($d)) {
  	goto dotted_decimal_version;
      }
  
      if ($d eq 'v') { # explicit v-string
  	$d++;
  	if (isDIGIT($d)) {
  	    $qv = TRUE;
  	}
  	else { # degenerate v-string
  	    # requires v1.2.3
  	    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (dotted-decimal versions require at least three parts)");
  	}
  
  dotted_decimal_version:
  	if ($strict && $d eq '0' && isDIGIT($d+1)) {
  	    # no leading zeros allowed
  	    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (no leading zeros)");
  	}
  
  	while (isDIGIT($d)) { 	# integer part
  	    $d++;
  	}
  
  	if ($d eq '.')
  	{
  	    $saw_decimal++;
  	    $d++; 		# decimal point
  	}
  	else
  	{
  	    if ($strict) {
  		# require v1.2.3
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (dotted-decimal versions require at least three parts)");
  	    }
  	    else {
  		goto version_prescan_finish;
  	    }
  	}
  
  	{
  	    my $i = 0;
  	    my $j = 0;
  	    while (isDIGIT($d)) {	# just keep reading
  		$i++;
  		while (isDIGIT($d)) {
  		    $d++; $j++;
  		    # maximum 3 digits between decimal
  		    if ($strict && $j > 3) {
  			return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (maximum 3 digits between decimals)");
  		    }
  		}
  		if ($d eq '_') {
  		    if ($strict) {
  			return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (no underscores)");
  		    }
  		    if ( $alpha ) {
  			return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (multiple underscores)");
  		    }
  		    $d++;
  		    $alpha = TRUE;
  		}
  		elsif ($d eq '.') {
  		    if ($alpha) {
  			return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (underscores before decimal)");
  		    }
  		    $saw_decimal++;
  		    $d++;
  		}
  		elsif (!isDIGIT($d)) {
  		    last;
  		}
  		$j = 0;
  	    }
  	
  	    if ($strict && $i < 2) {
  		# requires v1.2.3
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (dotted-decimal versions require at least three parts)");
  	    }
  	}
      } 					# end if dotted-decimal
      else
      {					# decimal versions
  	# special $strict case for leading '.' or '0'
  	if ($strict) {
  	    if ($d eq '.') {
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (0 before decimal required)");
  	    }
  	    if ($d eq '0' && isDIGIT($d+1)) {
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (no leading zeros)");
  	    }
  	}
  
  	# consume all of the integer part
  	while (isDIGIT($d)) {
  	    $d++;
  	}
  
  	# look for a fractional part
  	if ($d eq '.') {
  	    # we found it, so consume it
  	    $saw_decimal++;
  	    $d++;
  	}
  	elsif (!$d || $d eq ';' || isSPACE($d) || $d eq '}') {
  	    if ( $d == $s ) {
  		# found nothing
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (version required)");
  	    }
  	    # found just an integer
  	    goto version_prescan_finish;
  	}
  	elsif ( $d == $s ) {
  	    # didn't find either integer or period
  	    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (non-numeric data)");
  	}
  	elsif ($d eq '_') {
  	    # underscore can't come after integer part
  	    if ($strict) {
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (no underscores)");
  	    }
  	    elsif (isDIGIT($d+1)) {
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (alpha without decimal)");
  	    }
  	    else {
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (misplaced underscore)");
  	    }
  	}
  	elsif ($d) {
  	    # anything else after integer part is just invalid data
  	    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (non-numeric data)");
  	}
  
  	# scan the fractional part after the decimal point
  	if ($d && !isDIGIT($d) && ($strict || ! ($d eq ';' || isSPACE($d) || $d eq '}') )) {
  		# $strict or lax-but-not-the-end
  		return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (fractional part required)");
  	}
  
  	while (isDIGIT($d)) {
  	    $d++;
  	    if ($d eq '.' && isDIGIT($d-1)) {
  		if ($alpha) {
  		    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (underscores before decimal)");
  		}
  		if ($strict) {
  		    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (dotted-decimal versions must begin with 'v')");
  		}
  		$d = $s; # start all over again
  		$qv = TRUE;
  		goto dotted_decimal_version;
  	    }
  	    if ($d eq '_') {
  		if ($strict) {
  		    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (no underscores)");
  		}
  		if ( $alpha ) {
  		    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (multiple underscores)");
  		}
  		if ( ! isDIGIT($d+1) ) {
  		    return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (misplaced underscore)");
  		}
  		$d++;
  		$alpha = TRUE;
  	    }
  	}
      }
  
  version_prescan_finish:
      while (isSPACE($d)) {
  	$d++;
      }
  
      if ($d && !isDIGIT($d) && (! ($d eq ';' || $d eq '}') )) {
  	# trailing non-numeric data
  	return BADVERSION($s,$errstr,"Invalid version format (non-numeric data)");
      }
  
      if (defined $sqv) {
  	$$sqv = $qv;
      }
      if (defined $swidth) {
  	$$swidth = $width;
      }
      if (defined $ssaw_decimal) {
  	$$ssaw_decimal = $saw_decimal;
      }
      if (defined $salpha) {
  	$$salpha = $alpha;
      }
      return $d;
  }
  
  sub scan_version {
      my ($s, $rv, $qv) = @_;
      my $start;
      my $pos;
      my $last;
      my $errstr;
      my $saw_decimal = 0;
      my $width = 3;
      my $alpha = FALSE;
      my $vinf = FALSE;
      my @av;
  
      $s = new charstar $s;
  
      while (isSPACE($s)) { # leading whitespace is OK
  	$s++;
      }
  
      $last = prescan_version($s, FALSE, \$errstr, \$qv, \$saw_decimal,
  	\$width, \$alpha);
  
      if ($errstr) {
  	# 'undef' is a special case and not an error
  	if ( $s ne 'undef') {
  	    use Carp;
  	    Carp::croak($errstr);
  	}
      }
  
      $start = $s;
      if ($s eq 'v') {
  	$s++;
      }
      $pos = $s;
  
      if ( $qv ) {
  	$$rv->{qv} = $qv;
      }
      if ( $alpha ) {
  	$$rv->{alpha} = $alpha;
      }
      if ( !$qv && $width < 3 ) {
  	$$rv->{width} = $width;
      }
      
      while (isDIGIT($pos)) {
  	$pos++;
      }
      if (!isALPHA($pos)) {
  	my $rev;
  
  	for (;;) {
  	    $rev = 0;
  	    {
    		# this is atoi() that delimits on underscores
    		my $end = $pos;
    		my $mult = 1;
  		my $orev;
  
  		#  the following if() will only be true after the decimal
  		#  point of a version originally created with a bare
  		#  floating point number, i.e. not quoted in any way
  		#
   		if ( !$qv && $s > $start && $saw_decimal == 1 ) {
  		    $mult *= 100;
   		    while ( $s < $end ) {
  			$orev = $rev;
   			$rev += $s * $mult;
   			$mult /= 10;
  			if (   (abs($orev) > abs($rev)) 
  			    || (abs($rev) > $VERSION_MAX )) {
  			    warn("Integer overflow in version %d",
  					   $VERSION_MAX);
  			    $s = $end - 1;
  			    $rev = $VERSION_MAX;
  			    $vinf = 1;
  			}
   			$s++;
  			if ( $s eq '_' ) {
  			    $s++;
  			}
   		    }
    		}
   		else {
   		    while (--$end >= $s) {
  			$orev = $rev;
   			$rev += $end * $mult;
   			$mult *= 10;
  			if (   (abs($orev) > abs($rev)) 
  			    || (abs($rev) > $VERSION_MAX )) {
  			    warn("Integer overflow in version");
  			    $end = $s - 1;
  			    $rev = $VERSION_MAX;
  			    $vinf = 1;
  			}
   		    }
   		} 
    	    }
  
    	    # Append revision
  	    push @av, $rev;
  	    if ( $vinf ) {
  		$s = $last;
  		last;
  	    }
  	    elsif ( $pos eq '.' ) {
  		$s = ++$pos;
  	    }
  	    elsif ( $pos eq '_' && isDIGIT($pos+1) ) {
  		$s = ++$pos;
  	    }
  	    elsif ( $pos eq ',' && isDIGIT($pos+1) ) {
  		$s = ++$pos;
  	    }
  	    elsif ( isDIGIT($pos) ) {
  		$s = $pos;
  	    }
  	    else {
  		$s = $pos;
  		last;
  	    }
  	    if ( $qv ) {
  		while ( isDIGIT($pos) ) {
  		    $pos++;
  		}
  	    }
  	    else {
  		my $digits = 0;
  		while ( ( isDIGIT($pos) || $pos eq '_' ) && $digits < 3 ) {
  		    if ( $pos ne '_' ) {
  			$digits++;
  		    }
  		    $pos++;
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      if ( $qv ) { # quoted versions always get at least three terms
  	my $len = $#av;
  	#  This for loop appears to trigger a compiler bug on OS X, as it
  	#  loops infinitely. Yes, len is negative. No, it makes no sense.
  	#  Compiler in question is:
  	#  gcc version 3.3 20030304 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 1640)
  	#  for ( len = 2 - len; len > 0; len-- )
  	#  av_push(MUTABLE_AV(sv), newSViv(0));
  	# 
  	$len = 2 - $len;
  	while ($len-- > 0) {
  	    push @av, 0;
  	}
      }
  
      # need to save off the current version string for later
      if ( $vinf ) {
  	$$rv->{original} = "v.Inf";
  	$$rv->{vinf} = 1;
      }
      elsif ( $s > $start ) {
  	$$rv->{original} = $start->currstr($s);
  	if ( $qv && $saw_decimal == 1 && $start ne 'v' ) {
  	    # need to insert a v to be consistent
  	    $$rv->{original} = 'v' . $$rv->{original};
  	}
      }
      else {
  	$$rv->{original} = '0';
  	push(@av, 0);
      }
  
      # And finally, store the AV in the hash
      $$rv->{version} = \@av;
  
      # fix RT#19517 - special case 'undef' as string
      if ($s eq 'undef') {
  	$s += 5;
      }
  
      return $s;
  }
  
  sub new
  {
  	my ($class, $value) = @_;
  	my $self = bless ({}, ref ($class) || $class);
  	my $qv = FALSE;
  	
  	if ( ref($value) && eval('$value->isa("version")') ) {
  	    # Can copy the elements directly
  	    $self->{version} = [ @{$value->{version} } ];
  	    $self->{qv} = 1 if $value->{qv};
  	    $self->{alpha} = 1 if $value->{alpha};
  	    $self->{original} = ''.$value->{original};
  	    return $self;
  	}
  
  	my $currlocale = setlocale(LC_ALL);
  
  	# if the current locale uses commas for decimal points, we
  	# just replace commas with decimal places, rather than changing
  	# locales
  	if ( localeconv()->{decimal_point} eq ',' ) {
  	    $value =~ tr/,/./;
  	}
  
  	if ( not defined $value or $value =~ /^undef$/ ) {
  	    # RT #19517 - special case for undef comparison
  	    # or someone forgot to pass a value
  	    push @{$self->{version}}, 0;
  	    $self->{original} = "0";
  	    return ($self);
  	}
  
  	if ( $#_ == 2 ) { # must be CVS-style
  	    $value = $_[2];
  	    $qv = TRUE;
  	}
  
  	$value = _un_vstring($value);
  
  	# exponential notation
  	if ( $value =~ /\d+.?\d*e[-+]?\d+/ ) {
  	    $value = sprintf("%.9f",$value);
  	    $value =~ s/(0+)$//; # trim trailing zeros
  	}
  	
  	my $s = scan_version($value, \$self, $qv);
  
  	if ($s) { # must be something left over
  	    warn("Version string '%s' contains invalid data; "
                         ."ignoring: '%s'", $value, $s);
  	}
  
  	return ($self);
  }
  
  *parse = \&new;
  
  sub numify 
  {
      my ($self) = @_;
      unless (_verify($self)) {
  	require Carp;
  	Carp::croak("Invalid version object");
      }
      my $width = $self->{width} || 3;
      my $alpha = $self->{alpha} || "";
      my $len = $#{$self->{version}};
      my $digit = $self->{version}[0];
      my $string = sprintf("%d.", $digit );
  
      for ( my $i = 1 ; $i < $len ; $i++ ) {
  	$digit = $self->{version}[$i];
  	if ( $width < 3 ) {
  	    my $denom = 10**(3-$width);
  	    my $quot = int($digit/$denom);
  	    my $rem = $digit - ($quot * $denom);
  	    $string .= sprintf("%0".$width."d_%d", $quot, $rem);
  	}
  	else {
  	    $string .= sprintf("%03d", $digit);
  	}
      }
  
      if ( $len > 0 ) {
  	$digit = $self->{version}[$len];
  	if ( $alpha && $width == 3 ) {
  	    $string .= "_";
  	}
  	$string .= sprintf("%0".$width."d", $digit);
      }
      else # $len = 0
      {
  	$string .= sprintf("000");
      }
  
      return $string;
  }
  
  sub normal 
  {
      my ($self) = @_;
      unless (_verify($self)) {
  	require Carp;
  	Carp::croak("Invalid version object");
      }
      my $alpha = $self->{alpha} || "";
      my $len = $#{$self->{version}};
      my $digit = $self->{version}[0];
      my $string = sprintf("v%d", $digit );
  
      for ( my $i = 1 ; $i < $len ; $i++ ) {
  	$digit = $self->{version}[$i];
  	$string .= sprintf(".%d", $digit);
      }
  
      if ( $len > 0 ) {
  	$digit = $self->{version}[$len];
  	if ( $alpha ) {
  	    $string .= sprintf("_%0d", $digit);
  	}
  	else {
  	    $string .= sprintf(".%0d", $digit);
  	}
      }
  
      if ( $len <= 2 ) {
  	for ( $len = 2 - $len; $len != 0; $len-- ) {
  	    $string .= sprintf(".%0d", 0);
  	}
      }
  
      return $string;
  }
  
  sub stringify
  {
      my ($self) = @_;
      unless (_verify($self)) {
  	require Carp;
  	Carp::croak("Invalid version object");
      }
      return exists $self->{original} 
      	? $self->{original} 
  	: exists $self->{qv} 
  	    ? $self->normal
  	    : $self->numify;
  }
  
  sub vcmp
  {
      require UNIVERSAL;
      my ($left,$right,$swap) = @_;
      my $class = ref($left);
      unless ( UNIVERSAL::isa($right, $class) ) {
  	$right = $class->new($right);
      }
  
      if ( $swap ) {
  	($left, $right) = ($right, $left);
      }
      unless (_verify($left)) {
  	require Carp;
  	Carp::croak("Invalid version object");
      }
      unless (_verify($right)) {
  	require Carp;
  	Carp::croak("Invalid version object");
      }
      my $l = $#{$left->{version}};
      my $r = $#{$right->{version}};
      my $m = $l < $r ? $l : $r;
      my $lalpha = $left->is_alpha;
      my $ralpha = $right->is_alpha;
      my $retval = 0;
      my $i = 0;
      while ( $i <= $m && $retval == 0 ) {
  	$retval = $left->{version}[$i] <=> $right->{version}[$i];
  	$i++;
      }
  
      # tiebreaker for alpha with identical terms
      if ( $retval == 0 
  	&& $l == $r 
  	&& $left->{version}[$m] == $right->{version}[$m]
  	&& ( $lalpha || $ralpha ) ) {
  
  	if ( $lalpha && !$ralpha ) {
  	    $retval = -1;
  	}
  	elsif ( $ralpha && !$lalpha) {
  	    $retval = +1;
  	}
      }
  
      # possible match except for trailing 0's
      if ( $retval == 0 && $l != $r ) {
  	if ( $l < $r ) {
  	    while ( $i <= $r && $retval == 0 ) {
  		if ( $right->{version}[$i] != 0 ) {
  		    $retval = -1; # not a match after all
  		}
  		$i++;
  	    }
  	}
  	else {
  	    while ( $i <= $l && $retval == 0 ) {
  		if ( $left->{version}[$i] != 0 ) {
  		    $retval = +1; # not a match after all
  		}
  		$i++;
  	    }
  	}
      }
  
      return $retval;  
  }
  
  sub vbool {
      my ($self) = @_;
      return vcmp($self,$self->new("0"),1);
  }
  
  sub vnoop { 
      require Carp; 
      Carp::croak("operation not supported with version object");
  }
  
  sub is_alpha {
      my ($self) = @_;
      return (exists $self->{alpha});
  }
  
  sub qv {
      my $value = shift;
      my $class = 'version';
      if (@_) {
  	$class = ref($value) || $value;
  	$value = shift;
      }
  
      $value = _un_vstring($value);
      $value = 'v'.$value unless $value =~ /(^v|\d+\.\d+\.\d)/;
      my $version = $class->new($value);
      return $version;
  }
  
  *declare = \&qv;
  
  sub is_qv {
      my ($self) = @_;
      return (exists $self->{qv});
  }
  
  
  sub _verify {
      my ($self) = @_;
      if ( ref($self)
  	&& eval { exists $self->{version} }
  	&& ref($self->{version}) eq 'ARRAY'
  	) {
  	return 1;
      }
      else {
  	return 0;
      }
  }
  
  sub _is_non_alphanumeric {
      my $s = shift;
      $s = new charstar $s;
      while ($s) {
  	return 0 if isSPACE($s); # early out
  	return 1 unless (isALPHA($s) || isDIGIT($s) || $s =~ /[.-]/);
  	$s++;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  sub _un_vstring {
      my $value = shift;
      # may be a v-string
      if ( length($value) >= 3 && $value !~ /[._]/ 
  	&& _is_non_alphanumeric($value)) {
  	my $tvalue;
  	if ( $] ge 5.008_001 ) {
  	    $tvalue = _find_magic_vstring($value);
  	    $value = $tvalue if length $tvalue;
  	}
  	elsif ( $] ge 5.006_000 ) {
  	    $tvalue = sprintf("v%vd",$value);
  	    if ( $tvalue =~ /^v\d+(\.\d+){2,}$/ ) {
  		# must be a v-string
  		$value = $tvalue;
  	    }
  	}
      }
      return $value;
  }
  
  sub _find_magic_vstring {
      my $value = shift;
      my $tvalue = '';
      require B;
      my $sv = B::svref_2object(\$value);
      my $magic = ref($sv) eq 'B::PVMG' ? $sv->MAGIC : undef;
      while ( $magic ) {
  	if ( $magic->TYPE eq 'V' ) {
  	    $tvalue = $magic->PTR;
  	    $tvalue =~ s/^v?(.+)$/v$1/;
  	    last;
  	}
  	else {
  	    $magic = $magic->MOREMAGIC;
  	}
      }
      return $tvalue;
  }
  
  sub _VERSION {
      my ($obj, $req) = @_;
      my $class = ref($obj) || $obj;
  
      no strict 'refs';
      if ( exists $INC{"$class.pm"} and not %{"$class\::"} and $] >= 5.008) {
  	 # file but no package
  	require Carp;
  	Carp::croak( "$class defines neither package nor VERSION"
  	    ."--version check failed");
      }
  
      my $version = eval "\$$class\::VERSION";
      if ( defined $version ) {
  	local $^W if $] <= 5.008;
  	$version = version::vpp->new($version);
      }
  
      if ( defined $req ) {
  	unless ( defined $version ) {
  	    require Carp;
  	    my $msg =  $] < 5.006 
  	    ? "$class version $req required--this is only version "
  	    : "$class does not define \$$class\::VERSION"
  	      ."--version check failed";
  
  	    if ( $ENV{VERSION_DEBUG} ) {
  		Carp::confess($msg);
  	    }
  	    else {
  		Carp::croak($msg);
  	    }
  	}
  
  	$req = version::vpp->new($req);
  
  	if ( $req > $version ) {
  	    require Carp;
  	    if ( $req->is_qv ) {
  		Carp::croak( 
  		    sprintf ("%s version %s required--".
  			"this is only version %s", $class,
  			$req->normal, $version->normal)
  		);
  	    }
  	    else {
  		Carp::croak( 
  		    sprintf ("%s version %s required--".
  			"this is only version %s", $class,
  			$req->stringify, $version->stringify)
  		);
  	    }
  	}
      }
  
      return defined $version ? $version->stringify : undef;
  }
  
  1; #this line is important and will help the module return a true value
VERSION_VPP

s/^  //mg for values %fatpacked;

unshift @INC, sub {
  if (my $fat = $fatpacked{$_[1]}) {
    open my $fh, '<', \$fat
      or die "FatPacker error loading $_[1] (could be a perl installation issue?)";
    return $fh;
  }
  return
};

} # END OF FATPACK CODE

use strict;
use App::cpanminus::script;

unless (caller) {
    my $app = App::cpanminus::script->new;
    $app->parse_options(@ARGV);
    $app->doit or exit(1);
}

__END__

=head1 NAME

cpanm - get, unpack build and install modules from CPAN

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  cpanm Test::More                                          # install Test::More
  cpanm MIYAGAWA/Plack-0.99_05.tar.gz                       # full distribution path
  cpanm http://example.org/LDS/CGI.pm-3.20.tar.gz           # install from URL
  cpanm ~/dists/MyCompany-Enterprise-1.00.tar.gz            # install from a local file
  cpanm --interactive Task::Kensho                          # Configure interactively
  cpanm .                                                   # install from local directory
  cpanm --installdeps .                                     # install all the deps for the current directory
  cpanm -L extlib Plack                                     # install Plack and all non-core deps into extlib
  cpanm --mirror http://cpan.cpantesters.org/ DBI           # use the fast-syncing mirror
  cpanm --scandeps Moose                                    # See what modules will be installed for Moose

=head1 COMMANDS

=over 4

=item -i, --install

Installs the modules. This is a default behavior and this is just a
compatibility option to make it work like L<cpan> or L<cpanp>.

=item --self-upgrade

Upgrades itself. It's just an alias for:

  cpanm App::cpanminus

=item --info

Displays the distribution information in
C<AUTHOR/Dist-Name-ver.tar.gz> format in the standard out.

=item --installdeps

Installs the dependencies of the target distribution but won't build
itself. Handy if you want to try the application from a version
controlled repository such as git.

  cpanm --installdeps .

=item --look

Download and unpack the distribution and then open the directory with
your shell. Handy to poke around the source code or do the manual
testing.

=item -h, --help

Displays the help message.

=item -V, --version

Displays the version number.

=back

=head1 OPTIONS

You can specify the default options in C<PERL_CPANM_OPT> environment variable.

=over 4

=item -f, --force

Force install modules even when testing failed.

=item -n, --notest

Skip the testing of modules. Use this only when you just want to save
time for installing hundreds of distributions to the same perl and
architecture you've already tested to make sure it builds fine.

Defaults to false, and you can say C<--no-notest> to override when it
is set in the default options in C<PERL_CPANM_OPT>.

=item -S, --sudo

Switch to the root user with C<sudo> when installing modules. Use this
if you want to install modules to the system perl include path.

Defaults to false, and you can say C<--no-sudo> to override when it is
set in the default options in C<PERL_CPANM_OPT>.

=item -v, --verbose

Makes the output verbose. It also enables the interactive
configuration. (See --interactive)

=item -q, --quiet

Makes the output even more quiet than the default. It doesn't print
anything to the STDERR.

=item -l, --local-lib

Sets the L<local::lib> compatible path to install modules to. You
don't need to set this if you already configure the shell environment
variables using L<local::lib>, but this can be used to override that
as well.

=item -L, --local-lib-contained

Same with C<--local-lib> but when examining the dependencies, it
assumes no non-core modules are installed on the system. It's handy if
you want to bundle application dependencies in one directory so you
can distribute to other machines.

For instance,

  cpanm -L extlib Plack

would install Plack and all of its non-core dependencies into the
directory C<extlib>, which can be loaded from your application with:

  use local::lib '/path/to/extlib';

=item --mirror

Specifies the base URL for the CPAN mirror to use, such as
C<http://cpan.cpantesters.org/> (you can omit the trailing slash). You
can specify multiple mirror URLs by repeating the command line option.

Defaults to C<http://search.cpan.org/CPAN> which is a geo location
aware redirector.

=item --mirror-only

Download the mirror's 02packages.details.txt.gz index file instead of
querying the CPAN Meta DB.

Select this option if you are using a local mirror of CPAN, such as
minicpan when you're offline, or your own CPAN index (a.k.a darkpan).

B<Tip:> It might be useful if you name these mirror options with your
shell aliases, like:

  alias minicpanm='cpanm --mirror ~/minicpan --mirror-only'
  alias darkpan='cpanm --mirror http://mycompany.example.com/DPAN --mirror-only'

=item --prompt

Prompts when a test fails so that you can skip, force install, retry
or look in the shell to see what's going wrong. It also prompts when
one of the dependency failed if you want to proceed the installation.

Defaults to false, and you can say C<--no-prompt> to override if it's
set in the default options in C<PERL_CPANM_OPT>.

=item --reinstall

cpanm, when given a module name in the command line (i.e. C<cpanm
Plack>), checks the locally installed version first and skips if it is
already installed. This option makes it skip the check, so:

  cpanm --reinstall Plack

would reinstall L<Plack> even if your locally installed version is
latest, or even newer (which would happen if you install a developer
release from version control repositories).

Defaults to false.

=item --interactive

Makes the configuration (such as C<Makefile.PL> and C<Build.PL>)
interactive, so you can answer questions in the distribution that
requires custom configuration or Task:: distributions.

Defaults to false, and you can say C<--no-interactive> to override
when it's set in the default options in C<PERL_CPANM_OPT>.

=item --scandeps

Scans the depencencies of given modules and output the tree in a text
format. (See C<--format> below for more options)

Because this command doesn't actually install any distributions, it
will be useful that by typing:

  cpanm --scandeps Catalyst::Runtime

you can make sure what modules will be installed.

This command takes into account which modules you already have
installed in your system. If you want to see what modules will be
installed against a vanilla perl installation, you might want to
combine it with C<-L> option.

=item --format

Determines what format to display the scanned dependency
tree. Available options are C<tree>, C<json>, C<yaml> and C<dists>.

=over 8

=item tree

Displays the tree in a plain text format. This is the default value.

=item json, yaml

Outputs the tree in a JSON or YAML format. L<JSON> and L<YAML> modules
need to be installed respectively. The output tree is represented as a
recursive tuple of:

  [ distribution, dependencies ]

and the container is an array containing the root elements. Note that
there may be multiple root nodes, since you can give multiple modules
to the C<--scandeps> command.

=item dists

C<dists> is a special output format, where it prints the distribution
filename in the I<depth first order> after the dependency resolution,
like:

  GAAS/MIME-Base64-3.13.tar.gz
  GAAS/URI-1.58.tar.gz
  PETDANCE/HTML-Tagset-3.20.tar.gz
  GAAS/HTML-Parser-3.68.tar.gz
  GAAS/libwww-perl-5.837.tar.gz

which means you can install these distributions in this order without
extra dependencies. When combined with C<-L> option, it will be useful
to replay installations on other machines.

=back

=item --save-dists

Specifies the optional directory path to copy downloaded tarballs in
the CPAN mirror compatible directory structure
i.e. I<authors/id/A/AU/AUTHORS/Foo-Bar-version.tar.gz>

=item --uninst-shadows

Uninstalls the shadow files of the distribution that you're
installing. This eliminates the confusion if you're trying to install
core (dual-life) modules from CPAN against perl 5.10 or older, or
modules that used to be XS-based but switched to pure perl at some
version.

If you run cpanm as root and use C<INSTALL_BASE> or equivalent to
specify custom installation path, you SHOULD disable this option so
you won't accidentally uninstall dual-life modules from the core
include path.

Defaults to true if your perl version is smaller than 5.12, and you
can disable that with C<--no-uninst-shadows>.

B<NOTE>: Since version 1.3000 this flag is turned off by default for
perl newer than 5.12, since with 5.12 @INC contains site_perl directory
I<before> the perl core library path, and uninstalling shadows is not
necessary anymore and does more harm by deleting files from the core
library path.

=item --auto-cleanup

Specifies the number of days in whcih cpanm's work directories
expire. Defaults to 7, which means old work directories will be
cleaned up in one week.

You can set the value to C<0> to make cpan never cleanup those
directories.

=item --man-pages

Generates man pages for executables (man1) and libraries (man3).

Defaults to false (no man pages generated) if
C<-L|--local-lib-contained> option is supplied. Otherwise, defaults to
true, and you can disable it with C<--no-man-pages>.

=item --lwp

Uses L<LWP> module to download stuff over HTTP. Defaults to true, and
you can say C<--no-lwp> to disable using LWP, when you want to upgrade
LWP from CPAN on some broken perl systems.

=item --wget

Uses GNU Wget (if available) to download stuff. Defaults to true, and
you can say C<--no-wget> to disable using Wget (versions of Wget older
than 1.9 don't support the C<--retry-connrefused> option used by cpanm).

=item --curl

Uses cURL (if available) to download stuff. Defaults to true, and
you can say C<--no-curl> to disable using cURL.

Normally with C<--lwp>, C<--wget> and C<--curl> options set to true
(which is the default) cpanm tries L<LWP>, Wget, cURL and L<HTTP::Tiny>
(in that order) and uses the first one available.

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<App::cpanminus>

=head1 COPYRIGHT

Copyright 2010 Tatsuhiko Miyagawa.

=head1 AUTHOR

Tatsuhiko Miyagawa

=cut