nilfs2: fix potential kernel bug due to lack of writeback flag waiting

commit a4ca369 upstream.

Destructive writes to a block device on which nilfs2 is mounted can cause
a kernel bug in the folio/page writeback start routine or writeback end
routine (__folio_start_writeback in the log below):

 kernel BUG at mm/page-writeback.c:3070!
 Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN PTI
 ...
 RIP: 0010:__folio_start_writeback+0xbaa/0x10e0
 Code: 25 ff 0f 00 00 0f 84 18 01 00 00 e8 40 ca c6 ff e9 17 f6 ff ff
  e8 36 ca c6 ff 4c 89 f7 48 c7 c6 80 c0 12 84 e8 e7 b3 0f 00 90 <0f>
  0b e8 1f ca c6 ff 4c 89 f7 48 c7 c6 a0 c6 12 84 e8 d0 b3 0f 00
 ...
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  nilfs_segctor_do_construct+0x4654/0x69d0 [nilfs2]
  nilfs_segctor_construct+0x181/0x6b0 [nilfs2]
  nilfs_segctor_thread+0x548/0x11c0 [nilfs2]
  kthread+0x2f0/0x390
  ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80
  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
  </TASK>

This is because when the log writer starts a writeback for segment summary
blocks or a super root block that use the backing device's page cache, it
does not wait for the ongoing folio/page writeback, resulting in an
inconsistent writeback state.

Fix this issue by waiting for ongoing writebacks when putting
folios/pages on the backing device into writeback state.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240530141556.4411-1-konishi.ryusuke@gmail.com
Fixes: 9ff0512 ("nilfs2: segment constructor")
Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

fs/nilfs2/segment.c

@@ -1652,6 +1652,7 @@ static void nilfs_segctor_prepare_write(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci)
 			if (bh->b_folio != bd_folio) {
 				if (bd_folio) {
 					folio_lock(bd_folio);
+					folio_wait_writeback(bd_folio);
 					folio_clear_dirty_for_io(bd_folio);
 					folio_start_writeback(bd_folio);
 					folio_unlock(bd_folio);
@@ -1665,6 +1666,7 @@ static void nilfs_segctor_prepare_write(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci)
 			if (bh == segbuf->sb_super_root) {
 				if (bh->b_folio != bd_folio) {
 					folio_lock(bd_folio);
+					folio_wait_writeback(bd_folio);
 					folio_clear_dirty_for_io(bd_folio);
 					folio_start_writeback(bd_folio);
 					folio_unlock(bd_folio);
@@ -1681,6 +1683,7 @@ static void nilfs_segctor_prepare_write(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci)
 	}
 	if (bd_folio) {
 		folio_lock(bd_folio);
+		folio_wait_writeback(bd_folio);
 		folio_clear_dirty_for_io(bd_folio);
 		folio_start_writeback(bd_folio);
 		folio_unlock(bd_folio);