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Merge pull request #554 from quantum-x/master-UL-4K-DirectWrite-OneTi…
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…meWrite

Adding extended Magic Card support
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@doegox
doegox committed Aug 21, 2019
2 parents 454a8c4 + ad695d0 commit f8b2852
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Showing 2 changed files with 249 additions and 80 deletions.
247 changes: 208 additions & 39 deletions utils/nfc-mfclassic.c
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
* See AUTHORS file for a more comprehensive list of contributors.
* Additional contributors of this file:
* Copyright (C) 2011-2013 Adam Laurie
* Copyright (C) 2018-2019 Danielle Bruneo
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -70,7 +71,9 @@ static bool bForceKeyFile;
static bool bTolerateFailures;
static bool bFormatCard;
static bool magic2 = false;
static bool magic3 = false;
static bool unlocked = false;
static bool bForceSizeMismatch;
static uint8_t uiBlocks;
static uint8_t keys[] = {
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -208,10 +211,18 @@ authenticate(uint32_t uiBlock)
// Try to authenticate for the current sector
if (nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, mc, uiBlock, &mp))
return true;
}

} else if (magic3) {
//If it's a One Time Write card, we're gonna authenticate with the default keys
memcpy(mp.mpa.abtKey, default_key, sizeof(default_key));


// Try to authenticate for the current sector
if (nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, mc, uiBlock, &mp)) {
return true;
}
// If formatting or not using key file, try to guess the right key
if (bFormatCard || !bUseKeyFile) {
} else if (bFormatCard || !bUseKeyFile) {
for (size_t key_index = 0; key_index < num_keys; key_index++) {
memcpy(mp.mpa.abtKey, keys + (key_index * 6), 6);
if (nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, mc, uiBlock, &mp)) {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -352,10 +363,17 @@ read_card(int read_unlocked)
if (read_unlocked) {
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbd.abtData, mp.mpd.abtData, sizeof(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbd.abtData));
} else {
// Copy the keys over from our key dump and store the retrieved access bits
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyA, mtKeys.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyA, sizeof(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyA));
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtAccessBits, mp.mpt.abtAccessBits, sizeof(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtAccessBits));
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyB, mtKeys.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyB, sizeof(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyB));
//If we're using a One Time Write ('Magic 3') Badge - we'll use default keys + ACL
if (magic3) {
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyA, default_key, sizeof(default_key));
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtAccessBits, mp.mpt.abtAccessBits, sizeof(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtAccessBits));
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyB, default_key, sizeof(default_key));
} else {
// Copy the keys over from our key dump and store the retrieved access bits
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyA, mtKeys.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyA, sizeof(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyA));
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtAccessBits, mp.mpt.abtAccessBits, sizeof(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtAccessBits));
memcpy(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyB, mtKeys.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyB, sizeof(mtDump.amb[iBlock].mbt.abtKeyB));
}
}
} else {
printf("!\nfailed to read trailer block 0x%02x\n", iBlock);
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -392,6 +410,7 @@ write_card(int write_block_zero)
bool bFailure = false;
uint32_t uiWriteBlocks = 0;

//Determine if we have to unlock the card
if (write_block_zero) {
//If the user is attempting an unlocked write, but has a direct-write type magic card, they don't
//need to use the W mode. We'll trigger a warning and let them proceed.
Expand All @@ -407,8 +426,8 @@ write_card(int write_block_zero)
}

printf("Writing %d blocks |", uiBlocks + 1);
// Write the card from begin to end;
for (uiBlock = 0; uiBlock <= uiBlocks; uiBlock++) {
// Completely write the card, end to start, but skipping block 0
for (uiBlock = 4; uiBlock <= uiBlocks; uiBlock++) {
// Authenticate everytime we reach the first sector of a new block
if (is_first_block(uiBlock)) {
if (bFailure) {
Expand All @@ -423,60 +442,141 @@ write_card(int write_block_zero)
fflush(stdout);

// Try to authenticate for the current sector
if (!write_block_zero && !authenticate(uiBlock) && !bTolerateFailures) {
printf("!\nError: authentication failed for block %02x\n", uiBlock);
return false;
// If we are are writing to a chinese magic card, we've already unlocked
// If we're writing to a One Time Write card, we need to authenticate
// If we're writing something else, we'll need to authenticate
if ((write_block_zero && magic3) || !write_block_zero) {
if (!authenticate(uiBlock) && !bTolerateFailures) {
printf("!\nError: authentication failed for block %02x\n", uiBlock);
return false;
}
}
}

if (is_trailer_block(uiBlock)) {
if (bFormatCard) {
// Copy the default key and reset the access bits
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtKeyA, default_key, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtKeyA));
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits, default_acl, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits));
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtKeyB, default_key, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtKeyB));
if (is_trailer_block(uiBlock)) {
if (bFormatCard) {
// Copy the default key and reset the access bits
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtKeyA, default_key, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtKeyA));
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits, default_acl, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits));
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtKeyB, default_key, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtKeyB));
} else {
// Copy the keys over from our key dump and store the retrieved access bits
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtKeyA, mtDump.amb[uiBlock].mbt.abtKeyA, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtKeyA));
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits, mtDump.amb[uiBlock].mbt.abtAccessBits, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits));
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtKeyB, mtDump.amb[uiBlock].mbt.abtKeyB, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtKeyB));
}

// Try to write the trailer
if (nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, MC_WRITE, uiBlock, &mp) == false) {
printf("failed to write trailer block %d \n", uiBlock);
bFailure = true;
}
} else {
// Copy the keys over from our key dump and store the retrieved access bits
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtKeyA, mtDump.amb[uiBlock].mbt.abtKeyA, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtKeyA));
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits, mtDump.amb[uiBlock].mbt.abtAccessBits, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits));
memcpy(mp.mpt.abtKeyB, mtDump.amb[uiBlock].mbt.abtKeyB, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtKeyB));
// The first block 0x00 is read only, skip this
if (uiBlock == 0 && !write_block_zero && !magic2)
continue;

// Make sure a earlier write did not fail
if (!bFailure) {
// Try to write the data block
if (bFormatCard && uiBlock)

memset(mp.mpd.abtData, 0x00, sizeof(mp.mpd.abtData));
else
memcpy(mp.mpd.abtData, mtDump.amb[uiBlock].mbd.abtData, sizeof(mp.mpd.abtData));
// do not write a block 0 with incorrect BCC - card will be made invalid!
if (uiBlock == 0) {
if ((mp.mpd.abtData[0] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[1] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[2] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[3] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[4]) != 0x00 && !magic2) {
printf("!\nError: incorrect BCC in MFD file!\n");
printf("Expecting BCC=%02X\n", mp.mpd.abtData[0] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[1] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[2] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[3]);
return false;
}
}
if (!nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, MC_WRITE, uiBlock, &mp)) {
bFailure = true;
printf("Failure to write to data block %i\n", uiBlock);
}

} else {
printf("Failure during write process.\n");
}
}
}
// Show if the write went well for each block
print_success_or_failure(bFailure, &uiWriteBlocks);
if ((! bTolerateFailures) && bFailure)
return false;
}

// Try to write the trailer
if (nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, MC_WRITE, uiBlock, &mp) == false) {
printf("failed to write trailer block %d \n", uiBlock);
bFailure = true;
}
} else {
// The first block 0x00 is read only, skip this
if (uiBlock == 0 && !write_block_zero && !magic2)
continue;
//Write Block 0 if necessary
if (write_block_zero || magic2 || magic3) {
for (uiBlock = 0; uiBlock < 4; uiBlock++) {

// The first block 0x00 is read only, skip this
if (uiBlock == 0) {
//If the card is not magic, we're gonna skip over
if (write_block_zero || magic2 || magic3) {
//NOP
} else {
continue;
}
}

// Make sure a earlier write did not fail
if (is_first_block(uiBlock)) {
if (bFailure) {
// When a failure occured we need to redo the anti-collision
if (nfc_initiator_select_passive_target(pnd, nmMifare, NULL, 0, &nt) <= 0) {
printf("!\nError: tag was removed\n");
return false;
}
bFailure = false;
}

fflush(stdout);
// Try to authenticate for the current sector
// If we are are writing to a chinese magic card, we've already unlocked
// If we're writing to a One Time Write, we need to authenticate
// If we're writing something else, we'll need to authenticate
if ((write_block_zero && magic3) || !write_block_zero) {
if (!authenticate(uiBlock) && !bTolerateFailures) {
printf("!\nError: authentication failed for block %02x\n", uiBlock);
return false;
}
}
}

// Make sure a earlier write did not fail
if (!bFailure) {
// Try to write the data block
// Try to write the data block
if (bFormatCard && uiBlock)
memset(mp.mpd.abtData, 0x00, sizeof(mp.mpd.abtData));
else
memcpy(mp.mpd.abtData, mtDump.amb[uiBlock].mbd.abtData, sizeof(mp.mpd.abtData));
// do not write a block 0 with incorrect BCC - card will be made invalid!
// do not write a block 0 with incorrect BCC - card will be made invalid!
if (uiBlock == 0) {
if ((mp.mpd.abtData[0] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[1] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[2] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[3] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[4]) != 0x00 && !magic2) {
printf("!\nError: incorrect BCC in MFD file!\n");
printf("Expecting BCC=%02X\n", mp.mpd.abtData[0] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[1] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[2] ^ mp.mpd.abtData[3]);
return false;
}
}
if (!nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, MC_WRITE, uiBlock, &mp))
if (!nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, MC_WRITE, uiBlock, &mp)) {
bFailure = true;
printf("Failure to write to data block %i\n", uiBlock);
}

} else {
printf("Failure during write process.\n");
}

// Show if the write went well for each block
print_success_or_failure(bFailure, &uiWriteBlocks);
if ((! bTolerateFailures) && bFailure)
return false;

}
// Show if the write went well for each block
print_success_or_failure(bFailure, &uiWriteBlocks);
if ((!bTolerateFailures) && bFailure)
return false;

}

printf("|\n");
printf("Done, %d of %d blocks written.\n", uiWriteBlocks, uiBlocks + 1);
fflush(stdout);
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -505,6 +605,7 @@ print_usage(const char *pcProgramName)
printf(" <dump.mfd> - MiFare Dump (MFD) used to write (card to MFD) or (MFD to card)\n");
printf(" <keys.mfd> - MiFare Dump (MFD) that contain the keys (optional)\n");
printf(" f - Force using the keyfile even if UID does not match (optional)\n");

printf("Examples: \n\n");
printf(" Read card to file, using key A:\n\n");
printf(" %s r a u mycard.mfd\n\n", pcProgramName);
Expand All @@ -519,6 +620,54 @@ print_usage(const char *pcProgramName)
printf(" %s r a U01ab23cd mycard.mfd\n\n", pcProgramName);
}


bool is_directwrite(){
printf("Checking if Badge is DirectWrite...\n");

// Set default keys
memcpy(mtDump.amb[0].mbt.abtKeyA, default_key, sizeof(default_key));
memcpy(mtDump.amb[0].mbt.abtAccessBits, default_acl, sizeof(mp.mpt.abtAccessBits));
memcpy(mtDump.amb[0].mbt.abtKeyB, default_key, sizeof(default_key));

// Temporarly override bUseKeyFile
bool orig_bUseKeyFile=bUseKeyFile;
bUseKeyFile=false;
// Try to authenticate for the current sector
if (!authenticate(0)) {
printf("!\nError: authentication failed for block 0x%02x\n", 0);
bUseKeyFile=orig_bUseKeyFile;
return false;
}
// restore bUseKeyFile
bUseKeyFile=orig_bUseKeyFile;

// Try to read block 0
uint8_t original_b0[16];
if (nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, MC_READ, 0, &mp)) {
memcpy(original_b0, mp.mpd.abtData, sizeof(mp.mpd.abtData));
printf(" Original Block 0: ");
for(int i=0;i<16;i++){
printf("%02x", original_b0[i]);
}
printf("\n");
printf(" Original UID: %02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
original_b0[0], original_b0[1], original_b0[2], original_b0[3]);
} else {
printf("!\nError: unable to read block 0x%02x\n", 0);
return false;
}

printf(" Attempt to write Block 0 ...\n");
memcpy(mp.mpd.abtData, original_b0, sizeof(original_b0));
if (!nfc_initiator_mifare_cmd(pnd, MC_WRITE, 0, &mp)) {
printf("Failure to write to data block %i\n", 0);
return false;
}
printf(" Block 0 written successfully\n");

return true;
}

int
main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -697,6 +846,26 @@ main(int argc, const char *argv[])
}
printf("Guessing size: seems to be a %lu-byte card\n", (uiBlocks + 1) * sizeof(mifare_classic_block));

//If size is 4k check for direct-write card
if (uiBlocks == 0xff) {
if (is_directwrite()){
printf("Card is DirectWrite\n");
magic3=true;
unlock=0;
} else {
printf("Card is not DirectWrite\n");
}
}

//Check to see if we have a One Time Write badge (magic3)
if (pbtUID[0] == 0xaa && pbtUID[1] == 0x55 &&
pbtUID[2] == 0xc3 && pbtUID[3] == 0x96) {
printf("Card appears to be a One Time Write Card..\n");
magic3 = true;
unlock = 0;
}


if (bUseKeyFile) {
FILE *pfKeys = fopen(argv[5], "rb");
if (pfKeys == NULL) {
Expand Down
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