STY: Apply ruff/pyupgrade rule UP031 (#3280)

New in [ruff
v0.4.2](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/tag/v0.4.2).

---------

Co-authored-by: Chris Markiewicz <effigies@gmail.com>

.maint/paper_author_list.py

@@ -46,23 +46,26 @@ def _aslist(inlist):
     ]
 
     print(
-        'Some people made commits, but are missing in .maint/ '
-        'files: %s.' % ', '.join(unmatched),
+        'Some people made commits, but are missing in .maint/ files: {}.'.format(
+            ', '.join(unmatched)
+        ),
         file=sys.stderr,
     )
 
     print('Authors (%d):' % len(author_matches))
     print(
-        '%s.'
-        % '; '.join(
-            [
-                '{} \\ :sup:`{}`\\ '.format(i['name'], idx)
-                for i, idx in zip(author_matches, aff_indexes, strict=False)
-            ]
+        '{}.'.format(
+            '; '.join(
+                [
+                    rf'{i["name"]} \ :sup:`{idx}`\ '
+                    for i, idx in zip(author_matches, aff_indexes, strict=False)
+                ]
+            )
         )
     )
 
     print(
-        '\n\nAffiliations:\n%s'
-        % '\n'.join([f'{i + 1: >2}. {a}' for i, a in enumerate(affiliations)])
+        '\n\nAffiliations:\n{}'.format(
+            '\n'.join([f'{i + 1: >2}. {a}' for i, a in enumerate(affiliations)])
+        )
     )

.maint/update_authors.py

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ def zenodo(
     misses = set(miss_creators).intersection(miss_contributors)
     if misses:
         print(
-            "Some people made commits, but are missing in .maint/ " f"files: {', '.join(misses)}",
+            f"Some people made commits, but are missing in .maint/ files: {', '.join(misses)}",
             file=sys.stderr,
         )
 
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ def zenodo(
         if isinstance(creator['affiliation'], list):
             creator['affiliation'] = creator['affiliation'][0]
 
-    Path(zenodo_file).write_text('%s\n' % json.dumps(zenodo, indent=2))
+    Path(zenodo_file).write_text(f'{json.dumps(zenodo, indent=2)}\n')
 
 
 @cli.command()
@@ -268,24 +268,26 @@ def _aslist(value):
 
     if misses:
         print(
-            "Some people made commits, but are missing in .maint/ " f"files: {', '.join(misses)}",
+            f"Some people made commits, but are missing in .maint/ files: {', '.join(misses)}",
             file=sys.stderr,
         )
 
     print('Authors (%d):' % len(hits))
     print(
-        '%s.'
-        % '; '.join(
-            [
-                '{} \\ :sup:`{}`\\ '.format(i['name'], idx)
-                for i, idx in zip(hits, aff_indexes, strict=False)
-            ]
+        '{}.'.format(
+            '; '.join(
+                [
+                    rf'{i["name"]} \ :sup:`{idx}`\ '
+                    for i, idx in zip(hits, aff_indexes, strict=False)
+                ]
+            )
         )
     )
 
     print(
-        '\n\nAffiliations:\n%s'
-        % '\n'.join([f'{i + 1: >2}. {a}' for i, a in enumerate(affiliations)])
+        '\n\nAffiliations:\n{}'.format(
+            '\n'.join([f'{i + 1: >2}. {a}' for i, a in enumerate(affiliations)])
+        )
     )
 
 

.maint/update_zenodo.py

@@ -145,8 +145,9 @@ def loads_contributors(s):
     zenodo['contributors'] = zen_contributors
 
     print(
-        'Some people made commits, but are missing in .maint/ '
-        'files: %s.' % ', '.join(set(miss_creators).intersection(miss_contributors)),
+        'Some people made commits, but are missing in .maint/ files: {}.'.format(
+            ', '.join(set(miss_creators).intersection(miss_contributors))
+        ),
         file=sys.stderr,
     )
 
@@ -162,4 +163,4 @@ def loads_contributors(s):
         if isinstance(creator['affiliation'], list):
             creator['affiliation'] = creator['affiliation'][0]
 
-    zenodo_file.write_text('%s\n' % json.dumps(zenodo, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))
+    zenodo_file.write_text(f'{json.dumps(zenodo, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)}\n')

fmriprep/cli/parser.py

@@ -881,10 +881,9 @@ def parse_args(args=None, namespace=None):
     if output_dir == bids_dir:
         parser.error(
             'The selected output folder is the same as the input BIDS folder. '
-            'Please modify the output path (suggestion: %s).'
-            % bids_dir
-            / 'derivatives'
-            / ('fmriprep-%s' % version.split('+')[0])
+            'Please modify the output path (suggestion: {}).'.format(
+                bids_dir / 'derivatives' / f'fmriprep-{version.split("+")[0]}'
+            )
         )
 
     if bids_dir in work_dir.parents:
@@ -924,8 +923,9 @@ def parse_args(args=None, namespace=None):
     missing_subjects = participant_label - set(all_subjects)
     if missing_subjects:
         parser.error(
-            'One or more participant labels were not found in the BIDS directory: '
-            '%s.' % ', '.join(missing_subjects)
+            'One or more participant labels were not found in the BIDS directory: {}.'.format(
+                ', '.join(missing_subjects)
+            )
         )
 
     config.execution.participant_label = sorted(participant_label)

fmriprep/cli/run.py

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ def main():
 
     config.loggers.workflow.log(
         15,
-        '\n'.join(['fMRIPrep config:'] + ['\t\t%s' % s for s in config.dumps().splitlines()]),
+        '\n'.join(['fMRIPrep config:'] + [f'\t\t{s}' for s in config.dumps().splitlines()]),
     )
     config.loggers.workflow.log(25, 'fMRIPrep started!')
     errno = 1  # Default is error exit unless otherwise set

fmriprep/cli/workflow.py

@@ -173,9 +173,7 @@ def build_boilerplate(config_file, workflow):
     config.load(config_file)
     logs_path = config.execution.fmriprep_dir / 'logs'
     boilerplate = workflow.visit_desc()
-    citation_files = {
-        ext: logs_path / ('CITATION.%s' % ext) for ext in ('bib', 'tex', 'md', 'html')
-    }
+    citation_files = {ext: logs_path / f'CITATION.{ext}' for ext in ('bib', 'tex', 'md', 'html')}
 
     if boilerplate:
         # To please git-annex users and also to guarantee consistency

fmriprep/utils/bids.py

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def collect_derivatives(
         item = layout.get(return_type='filename', **query)
         if not item:
             continue
-        derivs_cache['%s_boldref' % k] = item[0] if len(item) == 1 else item
+        derivs_cache[f'{k}_boldref'] = item[0] if len(item) == 1 else item
 
     for xfm, q in spec['transforms'].items():
         query = {**q, **entities}
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ def validate_input_dir(exec_env, bids_dir, participant_label, need_T1w=True):
         ignored_subs = all_subs.difference(selected_subs)
         if ignored_subs:
             for sub in ignored_subs:
-                validator_config_dict['ignoredFiles'].append('/sub-%s/**' % sub)
+                validator_config_dict['ignoredFiles'].append(f'/sub-{sub}/**')
     with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w+', suffix='.json') as temp:
         temp.write(json.dumps(validator_config_dict))
         temp.flush()

fmriprep/workflows/base.py

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def init_fmriprep_wf():
                 spaces=config.workflow.spaces.get_fs_spaces(),
                 minimum_fs_version='7.0.0',
             ),
-            name='fsdir_run_%s' % config.execution.run_uuid.replace('-', '_'),
+            name='fsdir_run_{}'.format(config.execution.run_uuid.replace('-', '_')),
             run_without_submitting=True,
         )
         if config.execution.fs_subjects_dir is not None:

fmriprep/workflows/bold/resampling.py

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ def init_bold_surf_wf(
 The BOLD time-series were resampled onto the following surfaces
 (FreeSurfer reconstruction nomenclature):
 {out_spaces}.
-""".format(out_spaces=', '.join(['*%s*' % s for s in surface_spaces]))
+""".format(out_spaces=', '.join([f'*{s}*' for s in surface_spaces]))
 
     inputnode = pe.Node(
         niu.IdentityInterface(