Undefined Reference on Ubuntu 23.10

[kevin-mcm]

Hello

I'm in the process of integrating the PF_RING library into a CMake project, but I'm facing compilation errors. I've followed the steps described in this guide to install PF_RING.

Please let me know if you need more information.
P.S.: I didn't have any issues installing the PF_RING library, and compiling the examples

---

Environment:

> cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 23.10"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="23.10"
VERSION="23.10 (Mantic Minotaur)"
VERSION_CODENAME=mantic
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=mantic
LOGO=ubuntu-logo

> cat /sys/firmware/devicetree/base/model
Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.5
> uname -r
6.5.0-1006-raspi

> lscpu
Architecture:            aarch64
  CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
  Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                  4
  On-line CPU(s) list:   0-3
Vendor ID:               ARM
  Model name:            Cortex-A72
    Model:               3
    Thread(s) per core:  1
    Core(s) per cluster: 4
    Socket(s):           -
    Cluster(s):          1
    Stepping:            r0p3
    CPU(s) scaling MHz:  83%
    CPU max MHz:         1800.0000
    CPU min MHz:         600.0000
    BogoMIPS:            108.00
    Flags:               fp asimd evtstrm crc32 cpuid
Caches (sum of all):
  L1d:                   128 KiB (4 instances)
  L1i:                   192 KiB (4 instances)
  L2:                    1 MiB (1 instance)
Vulnerabilities:
  Gather data sampling:  Not affected
  Itlb multihit:         Not affected
  L1tf:                  Not affected
  Mds:                   Not affected
  Meltdown:              Not affected
  Mmio stale data:       Not affected
  Retbleed:              Not affected
  Spec rstack overflow:  Not affected
  Spec store bypass:     Vulnerable
  Spectre v1:            Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization
  Spectre v2:            Vulnerable
  Srbds:                 Not affected
  Tsx async abort:       Not affected

Compilation errors:

/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring.o): in function `pfring_loop':
pfring.c:(.text+0x2a0): undefined reference to `bpf_filter'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring.o): in function `pfring_send':
pfring.c:(.text+0x658): undefined reference to `bpf_filter'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring.o): in function `pfring_recv':
pfring.c:(.text+0x794): undefined reference to `bpf_filter'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod.o): in function `pfring_mod_set_bpf_filter':
pfring_mod.c:(.text+0x1a3c): undefined reference to `pcap_open_dead'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod.c:(.text+0x1a98): undefined reference to `pcap_compile'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod.c:(.text+0x1aa4): undefined reference to `pcap_close'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod.c:(.text+0x1ae4): undefined reference to `pcap_freecode'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_utils.o): in function `pfring_parse_bpf_filter':
pfring_utils.c:(.text+0x1838): undefined reference to `pcap_compile_nopcap'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_utils.o): in function `pfring_free_bpf_filter':
pfring_utils.c:(.text+0x1870): undefined reference to `pcap_freecode'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_utils.o): in function `pfring_bpf_filter':
pfring_utils.c:(.text+0x1874): undefined reference to `bpf_filter'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_close':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x54): undefined reference to `pcap_close'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_recv':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x218): undefined reference to `pcap_next'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x294): undefined reference to `pcap_next_ex'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_set_bpf_filter':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x398): undefined reference to `pcap_compile'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x3a8): undefined reference to `pcap_setfilter'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x3b4): undefined reference to `pcap_freecode'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_open':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x4b0): undefined reference to `pcap_open_offline'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x4bc): undefined reference to `pcap_get_selectable_fd'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x518): undefined reference to `pcap_open_offline'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x538): undefined reference to `pcap_open_live'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x544): undefined reference to `pcap_get_selectable_fd'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_stats':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x5ac): undefined reference to `pcap_stats'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/test.dir/build.make:98: test] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:83: CMakeFiles/test.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:91: all] Error 2
raspberry1@raspberry1:~/Documents/kevin/test$ sudo make
[ 50%] Linking CXX executable test
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring.o): in function `pfring_loop':
pfring.c:(.text+0x2a0): undefined reference to `bpf_filter'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring.o): in function `pfring_send':
pfring.c:(.text+0x658): undefined reference to `bpf_filter'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring.o): in function `pfring_recv':
pfring.c:(.text+0x794): undefined reference to `bpf_filter'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod.o): in function `pfring_mod_set_bpf_filter':
pfring_mod.c:(.text+0x1a3c): undefined reference to `pcap_open_dead'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod.c:(.text+0x1a98): undefined reference to `pcap_compile'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod.c:(.text+0x1aa4): undefined reference to `pcap_close'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod.c:(.text+0x1ae4): undefined reference to `pcap_freecode'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_utils.o): in function `pfring_parse_bpf_filter':
pfring_utils.c:(.text+0x1838): undefined reference to `pcap_compile_nopcap'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_utils.o): in function `pfring_free_bpf_filter':
pfring_utils.c:(.text+0x1870): undefined reference to `pcap_freecode'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_utils.o): in function `pfring_bpf_filter':
pfring_utils.c:(.text+0x1874): undefined reference to `bpf_filter'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_close':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x54): undefined reference to `pcap_close'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_recv':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x218): undefined reference to `pcap_next'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x294): undefined reference to `pcap_next_ex'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_set_bpf_filter':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x398): undefined reference to `pcap_compile'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x3a8): undefined reference to `pcap_setfilter'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x3b4): undefined reference to `pcap_freecode'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_open':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x4b0): undefined reference to `pcap_open_offline'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x4bc): undefined reference to `pcap_get_selectable_fd'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x518): undefined reference to `pcap_open_offline'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x538): undefined reference to `pcap_open_live'
/usr/bin/ld: pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x544): undefined reference to `pcap_get_selectable_fd'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a(pfring_mod_pcap.o): in function `pfring_mod_pcap_stats':
pfring_mod_pcap.c:(.text+0x5ac): undefined reference to `pcap_stats'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/test.dir/build.make:98: test] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:83: CMakeFiles/test.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:91: all] Error 2

CMake file:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
project(test C CXX)

set(BIN test)

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=gnu++11 -Os -g")

set(REQUIRED_LIBRARIES
        rt
        pcap
        curl
        pthread
        nsl
        dl
        nl-genl-3
        nl-3)

include_directories(
        ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/)

file(GLOB_RECURSE INC_FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/*.*)
file(GLOB_RECURSE SRC_FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/*.cpp)

ADD_LIBRARY(pfring_lib STATIC IMPORTED)
SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(pfring_lib PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION /usr/local/lib/libpfring.a)

add_executable(${BIN} ${INC_FILES} ${SRC_FILES})

target_link_libraries(${BIN} ${REQUIRED_LIBRARIES}
        "-Wl,--whole-archive" pfring_lib "-Wl,--no-whole-archive")

[cardigliano]

I am not a cmake expert, however I see compilation is failing because it cannot find symbols from libpcap

[kevin-mcm]

Hi @cardigliano

Before creating this issue, I tried with a static link to libpcap, and encountered the same error. I've just identified the problem, it's related to the nl libraries. CMake can't locate the libraries on the Raspberry Pi, so I had to add a static link to where these libraries are located. However, now I'm getting the following error:

[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test.dir/src/main.cpp.o
In file included from /usr/include/linux/posix_types.h:5,
                 from /usr/include/asm-generic/socket.h:5,
                 from /usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu/asm/socket.h:1,
                 from /usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu/bits/socket.h:385,
                 from /usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu/sys/socket.h:33,
                 from /usr/local/include/pfring.h:41,
                 from /home/raspberry1/Documents/kevin/test/src/main.cpp:3:
/usr/include/linux/if_packet.h:24:17: error: flexible array member ‘sockaddr_ll::<unnamed union>::<unnamed struct>::sll_addr_flex’ not at end of ‘struct __pfring’
   24 |                 __DECLARE_FLEX_ARRAY(unsigned char, sll_addr_flex);
      |                 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/local/include/pfring.h:364:11: note: next member ‘pfring* __pfring::reflector_socket’ declared here
  364 |   pfring *reflector_socket;
      |           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/local/include/pfring.h:193:8: note: in the definition of ‘struct __pfring’
  193 | struct __pfring {
      |        ^~~~~~~~
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/test.dir/build.make:76: CMakeFiles/test.dir/src/main.cpp.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:83: CMakeFiles/test.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:91: all] Error 2

Regards!