Introduce attacks on space area

This patch introduces a small malus for every square in our space mask
that is attacked by enemy. The value of the malus is completely arbitrary
and is something we can tweak, also maybe we can gain some elo with tweaking
space threshold after this addition.

Passed STC
http://tests.stockfishchess.org/tests/view/5d10ce590ebc5925cf0af30b
LLR: 2.96 (-2.94,2.94) [0.50,4.50]
Total: 7082 W: 1648 L: 1449 D: 3985

Passed LTC
http://tests.stockfishchess.org/tests/view/5d10d2d80ebc5925cf0af3fd
LLR: 2.96 (-2.94,2.94) [0.00,3.50]
Total: 79494 W: 13727 L: 13324 D: 52443

Closes #2207

bench 3516460

src/evaluate.cpp

@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ namespace {
   };
 
   // Assorted bonuses and penalties
+  constexpr Score AttacksOnSpaceArea = S(  4,  0);
   constexpr Score BishopPawns        = S(  3,  7);
   constexpr Score CorneredBishop     = S( 50, 50);
   constexpr Score FlankAttacks       = S(  8,  0);
@@ -711,6 +712,8 @@ namespace {
     int weight = pos.count<ALL_PIECES>(Us) - 1;
     Score score = make_score(bonus * weight * weight / 16, 0);
 
+    score -= AttacksOnSpaceArea * popcount(attackedBy[Them][ALL_PIECES] & behind & safe);
+
     if (T)
         Trace::add(SPACE, Us, score);