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backend_scripts.go
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backend_scripts.go
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package backend
import (
"context"
"crypto/md5" //nolint:gosec
"time"
lru "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2"
execproto "github.com/onflow/flow/protobuf/go/flow/execution"
"github.com/rs/zerolog"
"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/engine/access/rpc/connection"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/engine/common/rpc"
fvmerrors "github.com/onflow/flow-go/fvm/errors"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/model/flow"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/module"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/module/execution"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/module/irrecoverable"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/state/protocol"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/storage"
"github.com/onflow/flow-go/utils/logging"
)
// uniqueScriptLoggingTimeWindow is the duration for checking the uniqueness of scripts sent for execution
const uniqueScriptLoggingTimeWindow = 10 * time.Minute
type backendScripts struct {
log zerolog.Logger
headers storage.Headers
executionReceipts storage.ExecutionReceipts
state protocol.State
connFactory connection.ConnectionFactory
metrics module.BackendScriptsMetrics
loggedScripts *lru.Cache[[md5.Size]byte, time.Time]
nodeCommunicator Communicator
scriptExecutor execution.ScriptExecutor
scriptExecMode IndexQueryMode
}
// scriptExecutionRequest encapsulates the data needed to execute a script to make it easier
// to pass around between the various methods involved in script execution
type scriptExecutionRequest struct {
blockID flow.Identifier
height uint64
script []byte
arguments [][]byte
insecureScriptHash [md5.Size]byte
}
func newScriptExecutionRequest(blockID flow.Identifier, height uint64, script []byte, arguments [][]byte) *scriptExecutionRequest {
return &scriptExecutionRequest{
blockID: blockID,
height: height,
script: script,
arguments: arguments,
// encode to MD5 as low compute/memory lookup key
// CAUTION: cryptographically insecure md5 is used here, but only to de-duplicate logs.
// *DO NOT* use this hash for any protocol-related or cryptographic functions.
insecureScriptHash: md5.Sum(script), //nolint:gosec
}
}
// ExecuteScriptAtLatestBlock executes provided script at the latest sealed block.
func (b *backendScripts) ExecuteScriptAtLatestBlock(
ctx context.Context,
script []byte,
arguments [][]byte,
) ([]byte, error) {
latestHeader, err := b.state.Sealed().Head()
if err != nil {
// the latest sealed header MUST be available
err := irrecoverable.NewExceptionf("failed to lookup sealed header: %w", err)
irrecoverable.Throw(ctx, err)
return nil, err
}
return b.executeScript(ctx, newScriptExecutionRequest(latestHeader.ID(), latestHeader.Height, script, arguments))
}
// ExecuteScriptAtBlockID executes provided script at the provided block ID.
func (b *backendScripts) ExecuteScriptAtBlockID(
ctx context.Context,
blockID flow.Identifier,
script []byte,
arguments [][]byte,
) ([]byte, error) {
header, err := b.headers.ByBlockID(blockID)
if err != nil {
return nil, rpc.ConvertStorageError(err)
}
return b.executeScript(ctx, newScriptExecutionRequest(blockID, header.Height, script, arguments))
}
// ExecuteScriptAtBlockHeight executes provided script at the provided block height.
func (b *backendScripts) ExecuteScriptAtBlockHeight(
ctx context.Context,
blockHeight uint64,
script []byte,
arguments [][]byte,
) ([]byte, error) {
header, err := b.headers.ByHeight(blockHeight)
if err != nil {
return nil, rpc.ConvertStorageError(err)
}
return b.executeScript(ctx, newScriptExecutionRequest(header.ID(), blockHeight, script, arguments))
}
// executeScript executes the provided script using either the local execution state or the execution
// nodes depending on the node's configuration and the availability of the data.
func (b *backendScripts) executeScript(
ctx context.Context,
scriptRequest *scriptExecutionRequest,
) ([]byte, error) {
switch b.scriptExecMode {
case IndexQueryModeExecutionNodesOnly:
result, _, err := b.executeScriptOnAvailableExecutionNodes(ctx, scriptRequest)
return result, err
case IndexQueryModeLocalOnly:
result, _, err := b.executeScriptLocally(ctx, scriptRequest)
return result, err
case IndexQueryModeFailover:
localResult, localDuration, localErr := b.executeScriptLocally(ctx, scriptRequest)
if localErr == nil || isInvalidArgumentError(localErr) || status.Code(localErr) == codes.Canceled {
return localResult, localErr
}
// Note: scripts that timeout are retried on the execution nodes since ANs may have performance
// issues for some scripts.
execResult, execDuration, execErr := b.executeScriptOnAvailableExecutionNodes(ctx, scriptRequest)
resultComparer := newScriptResultComparison(b.log, b.metrics, scriptRequest)
_ = resultComparer.compare(
newScriptResult(execResult, execDuration, execErr),
newScriptResult(localResult, localDuration, localErr),
)
return execResult, execErr
case IndexQueryModeCompare:
execResult, execDuration, execErr := b.executeScriptOnAvailableExecutionNodes(ctx, scriptRequest)
// we can only compare the results if there were either no errors or a cadence error
// since we cannot distinguish the EN error as caused by the block being pruned or some other reason,
// which may produce a valid RN output but an error for the EN
if execErr != nil && !isInvalidArgumentError(execErr) {
return nil, execErr
}
localResult, localDuration, localErr := b.executeScriptLocally(ctx, scriptRequest)
resultComparer := newScriptResultComparison(b.log, b.metrics, scriptRequest)
_ = resultComparer.compare(
newScriptResult(execResult, execDuration, execErr),
newScriptResult(localResult, localDuration, localErr),
)
// always return EN results
return execResult, execErr
default:
return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "unknown script execution mode: %v", b.scriptExecMode)
}
}
// executeScriptLocally executes the provided script using the local execution state.
func (b *backendScripts) executeScriptLocally(
ctx context.Context,
r *scriptExecutionRequest,
) ([]byte, time.Duration, error) {
execStartTime := time.Now()
result, err := b.scriptExecutor.ExecuteAtBlockHeight(ctx, r.script, r.arguments, r.height)
execEndTime := time.Now()
execDuration := execEndTime.Sub(execStartTime)
lg := b.log.With().
Str("script_executor_addr", "localhost").
Hex("block_id", logging.ID(r.blockID)).
Uint64("height", r.height).
Hex("script_hash", r.insecureScriptHash[:]).
Dur("execution_dur_ms", execDuration).
Logger()
if err != nil {
convertedErr := convertScriptExecutionError(err, r.height)
switch status.Code(convertedErr) {
case codes.InvalidArgument, codes.Canceled, codes.DeadlineExceeded:
lg.Debug().Err(err).
Str("script", string(r.script)).
Msg("script failed to execute locally")
default:
lg.Error().Err(err).Msg("script execution failed")
b.metrics.ScriptExecutionErrorLocal()
}
return nil, execDuration, convertedErr
}
if b.log.GetLevel() == zerolog.DebugLevel && b.shouldLogScript(execEndTime, r.insecureScriptHash) {
lg.Debug().
Str("script", string(r.script)).
Msg("Successfully executed script")
b.loggedScripts.Add(r.insecureScriptHash, execEndTime)
}
// log execution time
b.metrics.ScriptExecuted(execDuration, len(r.script))
return result, execDuration, nil
}
// executeScriptOnAvailableExecutionNodes executes the provided script using available execution nodes.
func (b *backendScripts) executeScriptOnAvailableExecutionNodes(
ctx context.Context,
r *scriptExecutionRequest,
) ([]byte, time.Duration, error) {
// find few execution nodes which have executed the block earlier and provided an execution receipt for it
executors, err := executionNodesForBlockID(ctx, r.blockID, b.executionReceipts, b.state, b.log)
if err != nil {
return nil, 0, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "failed to find script executors at blockId %v: %v", r.blockID.String(), err)
}
lg := b.log.With().
Hex("block_id", logging.ID(r.blockID)).
Hex("script_hash", r.insecureScriptHash[:]).
Logger()
var result []byte
var execDuration time.Duration
errToReturn := b.nodeCommunicator.CallAvailableNode(
executors,
func(node *flow.IdentitySkeleton) error {
execStartTime := time.Now()
result, err = b.tryExecuteScriptOnExecutionNode(ctx, node.Address, r)
executionTime := time.Now()
execDuration = executionTime.Sub(execStartTime)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if b.log.GetLevel() == zerolog.DebugLevel {
if b.shouldLogScript(executionTime, r.insecureScriptHash) {
lg.Debug().
Str("script_executor_addr", node.Address).
Str("script", string(r.script)).
Dur("execution_dur_ms", execDuration).
Msg("Successfully executed script")
b.loggedScripts.Add(r.insecureScriptHash, executionTime)
}
}
// log execution time
b.metrics.ScriptExecuted(time.Since(execStartTime), len(r.script))
return nil
},
func(node *flow.IdentitySkeleton, err error) bool {
if status.Code(err) == codes.InvalidArgument {
lg.Debug().Err(err).
Str("script_executor_addr", node.Address).
Str("script", string(r.script)).
Msg("script failed to execute on the execution node")
return true
}
return false
},
)
if errToReturn != nil {
if status.Code(errToReturn) != codes.InvalidArgument {
b.metrics.ScriptExecutionErrorOnExecutionNode()
b.log.Error().Err(errToReturn).Msg("script execution failed for execution node internal reasons")
}
return nil, execDuration, rpc.ConvertError(errToReturn, "failed to execute script on execution nodes", codes.Internal)
}
return result, execDuration, nil
}
// tryExecuteScriptOnExecutionNode attempts to execute the script on the given execution node.
func (b *backendScripts) tryExecuteScriptOnExecutionNode(
ctx context.Context,
executorAddress string,
r *scriptExecutionRequest,
) ([]byte, error) {
execRPCClient, closer, err := b.connFactory.GetExecutionAPIClient(executorAddress)
if err != nil {
return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "failed to create client for execution node %s: %v",
executorAddress, err)
}
defer closer.Close()
execResp, err := execRPCClient.ExecuteScriptAtBlockID(ctx, &execproto.ExecuteScriptAtBlockIDRequest{
BlockId: r.blockID[:],
Script: r.script,
Arguments: r.arguments,
})
if err != nil {
return nil, status.Errorf(status.Code(err), "failed to execute the script on the execution node %s: %v", executorAddress, err)
}
return execResp.GetValue(), nil
}
// isInvalidArgumentError checks if the error is from an invalid argument
func isInvalidArgumentError(scriptExecutionErr error) bool {
return status.Code(scriptExecutionErr) == codes.InvalidArgument
}
// shouldLogScript checks if the script hash is unique in the time window
func (b *backendScripts) shouldLogScript(execTime time.Time, scriptHash [md5.Size]byte) bool {
timestamp, seen := b.loggedScripts.Get(scriptHash)
if seen {
return execTime.Sub(timestamp) >= uniqueScriptLoggingTimeWindow
}
return true
}
// convertScriptExecutionError converts the script execution error to a gRPC error
func convertScriptExecutionError(err error, height uint64) error {
if err == nil {
return nil
}
var failure fvmerrors.CodedFailure
if fvmerrors.As(err, &failure) {
return rpc.ConvertError(err, "failed to execute script", codes.Internal)
}
// general FVM/ledger errors
var coded fvmerrors.CodedError
if fvmerrors.As(err, &coded) {
switch coded.Code() {
case fvmerrors.ErrCodeScriptExecutionCancelledError:
return status.Errorf(codes.Canceled, "script execution canceled: %v", err)
case fvmerrors.ErrCodeScriptExecutionTimedOutError:
return status.Errorf(codes.DeadlineExceeded, "script execution timed out: %v", err)
case fvmerrors.ErrCodeComputationLimitExceededError:
return status.Errorf(codes.ResourceExhausted, "script execution computation limit exceeded: %v", err)
case fvmerrors.ErrCodeMemoryLimitExceededError:
return status.Errorf(codes.ResourceExhausted, "script execution memory limit exceeded: %v", err)
default:
// runtime errors
return status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "failed to execute script: %v", err)
}
}
return rpc.ConvertIndexError(err, height, "failed to execute script")
}