Added shunt admittance and voltage level dependet mv-lines (#294)

* Added shunt admittance and voltage level dependet mv-lines

* Fixes Issue #243 and #213

* Minor changes

* Fix test

Co-authored-by: birgits <birgit.schachler@rl-institut.de>

edisgo/config/config_grid_expansion_default.cfg

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
 # Standard equipment for grid expansion measures. Source: Rehtanz et. al.: "Verteilnetzstudie für das Land Baden-Württemberg", 2017.
 hv_mv_transformer = 40 MVA
 mv_lv_transformer = 630 kVA
-mv_line = NA2XS2Y 3x1x185 RM/25
+mv_line_10kv = NA2XS2Y 3x1x185 RM/25
+mv_line_20kv = NA2XS2Y 3x1x240
 lv_line = NAYY 4x1x150
 
 [grid_expansion_allowed_voltage_deviations]

edisgo/equipment/equipment-parameters_LV_cables.csv

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-name,U_n,I_max_th,R_per_km,L_per_km
-#-,kV,kA,ohm/km,mH/km
-NAYY 4x1x300,0.4,0.419,0.1,0.279
-NAYY 4x1x240,0.4,0.364,0.125,0.254
-NAYY 4x1x185,0.4,0.313,0.164,0.256
-NAYY 4x1x150,0.4,0.275,0.206,0.256
-NAYY 4x1x120,0.4,0.245,0.253,0.256
-NAYY 4x1x95,0.4,0.215,0.320,0.261
-NAYY 4x1x50,0.4,0.144,0.449,0.270
-NAYY 4x1x35,0.4,0.123,0.868,0.271
+name,U_n,I_max_th,R_per_km,L_per_km,C_per_km
+#-,kV,kA,ohm/km,mH/km,uF/km
+NAYY 4x1x300,0.4,0.419,0.1,0.279,0
+NAYY 4x1x240,0.4,0.364,0.125,0.254,0
+NAYY 4x1x185,0.4,0.313,0.164,0.256,0
+NAYY 4x1x150,0.4,0.275,0.206,0.256,0
+NAYY 4x1x120,0.4,0.245,0.253,0.256,0
+NAYY 4x1x95,0.4,0.215,0.320,0.261,0
+NAYY 4x1x50,0.4,0.144,0.449,0.270,0
+NAYY 4x1x35,0.4,0.123,0.868,0.271,0

edisgo/flex_opt/reinforce_measures.py

@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ def reinforce_lines_voltage_issues(edisgo_obj, grid, crit_nodes):
         ]
     elif isinstance(grid, MVGrid):
         standard_line = edisgo_obj.config["grid_expansion_standard_equipment"][
-            "mv_line"
+            f"mv_line_{int(grid.nominal_voltage)}kv"
         ]
     else:
         raise ValueError("Inserted grid is invalid.")
@@ -693,40 +693,52 @@ def _replace_by_parallel_standard_lines(lines):
 
         lines_changes.update(number_parallel_lines.to_dict())
 
-    standard_line_type = edisgo_obj.config["grid_expansion_standard_equipment"][
-        "{}_line".format(voltage_level)
-    ]
-
     lines_changes = {}
 
     # chose lines of right grid level
     relevant_lines = edisgo_obj.topology.lines_df.loc[
         crit_lines[crit_lines.voltage_level == voltage_level].index
     ]
+    if not relevant_lines.empty:
+        nominal_voltage = edisgo_obj.topology.buses_df.loc[
+            edisgo_obj.topology.lines_df.loc[relevant_lines.index[0], "bus0"], "v_nom"
+        ]
+        if nominal_voltage == 0.4:
+            standard_line_type = edisgo_obj.config["grid_expansion_standard_equipment"][
+                "lv_line"
+            ]
+        else:
+            standard_line_type = edisgo_obj.config["grid_expansion_standard_equipment"][
+                f"mv_line_{int(nominal_voltage)}kv"
+            ]
 
-    # handling of standard lines
-    lines_standard = relevant_lines.loc[relevant_lines.type_info == standard_line_type]
-    if not lines_standard.empty:
-        _add_parallel_standard_lines(lines_standard.index)
+        # handling of standard lines
+        lines_standard = relevant_lines.loc[
+            relevant_lines.type_info == standard_line_type
+        ]
+        if not lines_standard.empty:
+            _add_parallel_standard_lines(lines_standard.index)
 
-    # get lines that have not been updated yet (i.e. that are not standard
-    # lines)
-    relevant_lines = relevant_lines.loc[
-        ~relevant_lines.index.isin(lines_standard.index)
-    ]
-    # handling of cables where adding one cable is sufficient
-    lines_single = (
-        relevant_lines.loc[relevant_lines.num_parallel == 1]
-        .loc[relevant_lines.kind == "cable"]
-        .loc[crit_lines.max_rel_overload < 2]
-    )
-    if not lines_single.empty:
-        _add_one_parallel_line_of_same_type(lines_single.index)
+        # get lines that have not been updated yet (i.e. that are not standard
+        # lines)
+        relevant_lines = relevant_lines.loc[
+            ~relevant_lines.index.isin(lines_standard.index)
+        ]
+        # handling of cables where adding one cable is sufficient
+        lines_single = (
+            relevant_lines.loc[relevant_lines.num_parallel == 1]
+            .loc[relevant_lines.kind == "cable"]
+            .loc[crit_lines.max_rel_overload < 2]
+        )
+        if not lines_single.empty:
+            _add_one_parallel_line_of_same_type(lines_single.index)
 
-    # handle rest of lines (replace by as many parallel standard lines as
-    # needed)
-    relevant_lines = relevant_lines.loc[~relevant_lines.index.isin(lines_single.index)]
-    if not relevant_lines.empty:
-        _replace_by_parallel_standard_lines(relevant_lines.index)
+        # handle rest of lines (replace by as many parallel standard lines as
+        # needed)
+        relevant_lines = relevant_lines.loc[
+            ~relevant_lines.index.isin(lines_single.index)
+        ]
+        if not relevant_lines.empty:
+            _replace_by_parallel_standard_lines(relevant_lines.index)
 
     return lines_changes

edisgo/io/pypsa_io.py

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def _set_slack(grid):
             ],
             "Line": edisgo_object.topology.lines_df.loc[
                 :,
-                ["bus0", "bus1", "x", "r", "s_nom", "num_parallel", "length"],
+                ["bus0", "bus1", "x", "r", "b", "s_nom", "num_parallel", "length"],
             ],
             "Transformer": edisgo_object.topology.transformers_df.loc[
                 :, ["bus0", "bus1", "x_pu", "r_pu", "type_info", "s_nom"]

edisgo/network/topology.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
     calculate_apparent_power,
     calculate_line_reactance,
     calculate_line_resistance,
+    calculate_line_susceptance,
     select_cable,
 )
 
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@
         "length",
         "x",
         "r",
+        "b",
         "s_nom",
         "num_parallel",
         "type_info",
@@ -1247,7 +1249,7 @@ def add_line(self, bus0, bus1, length, **kwargs):
         Adds line to topology.
 
         Line name is generated automatically.
-        If `type_info` is provided, `x`, `r` and `s_nom` are calculated.
+        If `type_info` is provided, `x`, `r`, `b` and `s_nom` are calculated.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
@@ -1262,8 +1264,8 @@ def add_line(self, bus0, bus1, length, **kwargs):
         ------------------
         kwargs :
             Kwargs may contain any further attributes in :py:attr:`~lines_df`.
-            It is necessary to either provide `type_info` to determine `x`, `r`
-            and `s_nom` of the line, or to provide `x`, `r` and `s_nom`
+            It is necessary to either provide `type_info` to determine `x`, `r`, `b`
+            and `s_nom` of the line, or to provide `x`, `r`, `b` and `s_nom`
             directly.
 
         """
@@ -1328,17 +1330,18 @@ def _get_line_data():
         # unpack optional parameters
         x = kwargs.get("x", None)
         r = kwargs.get("r", None)
+        b = kwargs.get("b", 0.0)
         s_nom = kwargs.get("s_nom", None)
         num_parallel = kwargs.get("num_parallel", 1)
         type_info = kwargs.get("type_info", None)
         kind = kwargs.get("kind", None)
 
         # if type of line is specified calculate x, r and s_nom
         if type_info is not None:
-            if x is not None or r is not None or s_nom is not None:
+            if x is not None or r is not None or b is not None or s_nom is not None:
                 warnings.warn(
                     "When line 'type_info' is provided when creating a new "
-                    "line, x, r and s_nom are calculated and provided "
+                    "line, x, r, b and s_nom are calculated and provided "
                     "parameters are overwritten."
                 )
             line_data = _get_line_data()
@@ -1348,6 +1351,7 @@ def _get_line_data():
                 ).iloc[0, :]
             x = calculate_line_reactance(line_data.L_per_km, length, num_parallel)
             r = calculate_line_resistance(line_data.R_per_km, length, num_parallel)
+            b = calculate_line_susceptance(line_data.C_per_km, length, num_parallel)
             s_nom = calculate_apparent_power(
                 line_data.U_n, line_data.I_max_th, num_parallel
             )
@@ -1374,6 +1378,7 @@ def _get_line_data():
                 "bus1": bus1,
                 "x": x,
                 "r": r,
+                "b": b,
                 "length": length,
                 "type_info": type_info,
                 "num_parallel": num_parallel,
@@ -1595,7 +1600,7 @@ def update_number_of_parallel_lines(self, lines_num_parallel):
         """
         Changes number of parallel lines and updates line attributes.
 
-        When number of parallel lines changes, attributes x, r, and s_nom have
+        When number of parallel lines changes, attributes x, r, b, and s_nom have
         to be adapted, which is done in this function.
 
         Parameters
@@ -1606,12 +1611,17 @@ def update_number_of_parallel_lines(self, lines_num_parallel):
             new number of parallel lines.
 
         """
-        # update x, r and s_nom
+        # update x, r, b and s_nom
         self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "x"] = (
             self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "x"]
             * self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "num_parallel"]
             / lines_num_parallel
         )
+        self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "b"] = (
+            self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "b"]
+            / self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "num_parallel"]
+            * lines_num_parallel
+        )
         self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "r"] = (
             self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "r"]
             * self._lines_df.loc[lines_num_parallel.index, "num_parallel"]
@@ -1681,19 +1691,25 @@ def change_line_type(self, lines, new_line_type):
         self._lines_df.loc[lines, "num_parallel"] = 1
         self._lines_df.loc[lines, "kind"] = "cable"
 
-        self._lines_df.loc[lines, "r"] = (
-            data_new_line.R_per_km * self.lines_df.loc[lines, "length"]
+        self._lines_df.loc[lines, "r"] = calculate_line_resistance(
+            data_new_line.R_per_km,
+            self.lines_df.loc[lines, "length"],
+            self._lines_df.loc[lines, "num_parallel"],
+        )
+        self._lines_df.loc[lines, "x"] = calculate_line_reactance(
+            data_new_line.L_per_km,
+            self.lines_df.loc[lines, "length"],
+            self._lines_df.loc[lines, "num_parallel"],
         )
-        self._lines_df.loc[lines, "x"] = (
-            data_new_line.L_per_km
-            * 2
-            * np.pi
-            * 50
-            / 1e3
-            * self.lines_df.loc[lines, "length"]
+        self._lines_df.loc[lines, "b"] = calculate_line_susceptance(
+            data_new_line.C_per_km,
+            self.lines_df.loc[lines, "length"],
+            self._lines_df.loc[lines, "num_parallel"],
         )
-        self._lines_df.loc[lines, "s_nom"] = (
-            np.sqrt(3) * data_new_line.U_n * data_new_line.I_max_th
+        self._lines_df.loc[lines, "s_nom"] = calculate_apparent_power(
+            data_new_line.U_n,
+            data_new_line.I_max_th,
+            self._lines_df.loc[lines, "num_parallel"],
         )
 
     def connect_to_mv(self, edisgo_object, comp_data, comp_type="generator"):

edisgo/tools/tools.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import logging
 import os
 
 from math import pi, sqrt
@@ -20,6 +21,9 @@
     from shapely.wkt import loads as wkt_loads
 
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
 def select_worstcase_snapshots(edisgo_obj):
     """
     Select two worst-case snapshots from time series
@@ -149,6 +153,28 @@ def calculate_line_resistance(line_resistance_per_km, line_length, num_parallel)
     return line_resistance_per_km * line_length / num_parallel
 
 
+def calculate_line_susceptance(line_capacitance_per_km, line_length, num_parallel):
+    """
+    Calculates line shunt susceptance in Siemens.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    line_capacitance_per_km : float
+        Line capacitance in uF/km.
+    line_length : float
+        Length of line in km.
+    num_parallel : int
+        Number of parallel lines.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    float
+        Shunt susceptance in Siemens.
+
+    """
+    return line_capacitance_per_km / 1e6 * line_length * 2 * pi * 50 * num_parallel
+
+
 def calculate_apparent_power(nominal_voltage, current, num_parallel):
     """
     Calculates apparent power in MVA from given voltage and current.
@@ -532,3 +558,76 @@ def get_files_recursive(path, files=None):
             files.append(file)
 
     return files
+
+
+def add_line_susceptance(
+    edisgo_obj,
+    mode="mv_b",
+):
+    """
+    Adds line susceptance information in Siemens to lines in existing grids.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    edisgo_obj : :class:`~.EDisGo`
+        EDisGo object to which line susceptance information is added.
+
+    mode : str
+        Defines how the susceptance is added:
+
+        * 'no_b'
+            Susceptance is set to 0 for all lines.
+        * 'mv_b' (Default)
+            Susceptance is for the MV lines set according to the equipment parameters
+            and for the LV lines it is set to zero.
+        * 'all_b'
+            Susceptance is for the MV lines set according to the equipment parameters
+            and for the LV lines 0.25 uF/km is chosen.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    :class:`~.EDisGo`
+
+    """
+    line_data_df = pd.concat(
+        [
+            edisgo_obj.topology.equipment_data["mv_overhead_lines"],
+            edisgo_obj.topology.equipment_data["mv_cables"],
+            edisgo_obj.topology.equipment_data["lv_cables"],
+        ]
+    )
+
+    if mode == "no_b":
+        line_data_df.loc[:, "C_per_km"] = 0
+    elif mode == "mv_b":
+        line_data_df.loc[
+            edisgo_obj.topology.equipment_data["lv_cables"].index, "C_per_km"
+        ] = 0
+    elif mode == "all_b":
+        line_data_df.loc[
+            edisgo_obj.topology.equipment_data["lv_cables"].index, "C_per_km"
+        ] = 0.25
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("Non-existing mode.")
+
+    lines_df = edisgo_obj.topology.lines_df
+    buses_df = edisgo_obj.topology.buses_df
+
+    for index, bus0, type_info, length, num_parallel in lines_df[
+        ["bus0", "type_info", "length", "num_parallel"]
+    ].itertuples():
+        v_nom = buses_df.loc[bus0].v_nom
+
+        try:
+            line_capacitance_per_km = (
+                line_data_df.loc[line_data_df.U_n == v_nom].loc[type_info].C_per_km
+            )
+        except KeyError:
+            line_capacitance_per_km = line_data_df.loc[type_info].C_per_km
+            logger.warning(f"False voltage level for line {index}.")
+
+        lines_df.loc[index, "b"] = calculate_line_susceptance(
+            line_capacitance_per_km, length, num_parallel
+        )
+
+    return edisgo_obj

tests/data/ding0_test_network_1/lines.csv

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ name,bus0,bus1,length,x,r,s_nom,num_parallel,kind,type_info
 Line_10003,Bus_MVStation_1,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_1,0.083904310632546,0.031103993574751,0.031044594934042,7.27461339178928,1,line,48-AL1/8-ST1A
 Line_10004,Bus_MVStation_1,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_4,0.226148217025158,0.083834938112983,0.083674840299309,7.27461339178928,1,line,48-AL1/8-ST1A
 Line_10005,Bus_MVStation_1,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_5,0.543380191002877,0.201435347506981,0.201050670671064,7.27461339178928,1,line,48-AL1/8-ST1A
-Line_10006,Bus_MVStation_1,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_6,0.297650465459542,0.110341388843783,0.110130672220031,7.27461339178928,1,line,NA2XS2Y 3x1x185 RM/25
-Line_10007,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_1,BusBar_MVGrid_1_LVGrid_1_MV,0.722445826838636,0.267816399261118,0.267304955930295,7.27461339178928,1,line,NA2XS2Y 3x1x185 RM/25
+Line_10006,Bus_MVStation_1,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_6,0.297650465459542,0.03363542166704131,0.03869456050974046,7.27461339178928,1,line,NA2XS2Y 3x1x240
+Line_10007,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_1,BusBar_MVGrid_1_LVGrid_1_MV,0.722445826838636,0.08163860916459667,0.09391795748902268,7.27461339178928,1,line,NA2XS2Y 3x1x240
 Line_10008,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_2,BusBar_MVGrid_1_LVGrid_1_MV,0.132867031507129,0.049254862630276,0.049160801657638,7.27461339178928,1,line,48-AL1/8-ST1A
 Line_10009,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_2,BusBar_MVGrid_1_LVGrid_2_MV,0.705785336662554,0.261640223383117,0.261140574565145,7.27461339178928,1,line,48-AL1/8-ST1A
 Line_10010,Bus_BranchTee_MVGrid_1_2,BusBar_MVGrid_1_LVGrid_5_MV,0.012061682815469,0.004471361506515,0.004462822641724,7.27461339178928,1,line,48-AL1/8-ST1A