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Added a guide & sample for a custom logger client implementation. #579

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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions CHANGELOG.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ Inspired from [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/)
### Added
- Added pylint `line-too-long` and `invalid-name` ([#590](https://github.com/opensearch-project/opensearch-py/pull/590))
- Added pylint `pointless-statement` ([#611](https://github.com/opensearch-project/opensearch-py/pull/611))
- Added a log collection guide ([#579](https://github.com/opensearch-project/opensearch-py/pull/579))
### Changed
### Deprecated
### Removed
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions USER_GUIDE.md
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Expand Up @@ -158,6 +158,7 @@ print(response)
- [Making Raw JSON REST Requests](guides/json.md)
- [Connection Classes](guides/connection_classes.md)
- [Document Lifecycle](guides/document_lifecycle.md)
- [Collecting Logs](guides/log_collection.md)

## Plugins

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169 changes: 169 additions & 0 deletions guides/log_collection.md
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@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
- [Log Collection Guide](#log-collection-guide)
- [Import Required Modules](#import-required-modules)
- [Download and Start OpenSearch](#download-and-start-opensearch)
- [Setup Connection with OpenSearch](#setup-connection-with-opensearch)
- [Initialize Logger](#initialize-logger)
- [Custom Handler For Logs](#custom-handler-for-logs)
- [Create OpenSearch Handler and Add to Logger](#create-opensearch-handler-and-add-to-logger)
- [Setup Asynchronous Logging Using Queues](#setup-asynchronous-logging-using-queues)
- [Clean Up](#clean-up)
- [Sample Code](#sample-code)


## Log Collection Guide
In this guide, we will look at how to collect logs from your application and send them to OpenSearch.

## Import Required Modules
Let's import the required modules:

```python
import logging
import queue
from datetime import datetime
from logging.handlers import QueueHandler, QueueListener
from typing import Any

import urllib3

from opensearchpy import OpenSearch

urllib3.disable_warnings()
```

## Download and Start OpenSearch
```
docker pull opensearchproject/opensearch:latest
```
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```
docker run -d -p 9200:9200 -p 9600:9600 --name opensearch_opensearch_1 -e "discovery.type=single-node" opensearchproject/opensearch:latest
```

## Setup Connection with OpenSearch

Create a client instance:
```python
opensearch_client: Any = OpenSearch(
"https://admin:admin@localhost:9200",
use_ssl=True,
verify_certs=False,
ssl_show_warn=False,
http_auth=("admin", "admin"),
)
```

## Initialize Logger
Initialize a logger, named "OpenSearchLogs", that emits logs to OpenSearch, and a console handler, both set to the INFO level, are initialized. The console handler is then added to the logger. For every log line processed by this setup, a corresponding OpenSearch document is created. This approach supports structured and comprehensive logging because each document can include extensive metadata within it.

```python
# Initialize a logger named "OpenSearchLogs" for OpenSearch & set log level to INFO
print("Initializing logger...")
os_logger = logging.getLogger("OpenSearchLogs")
os_logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

# Create a console handler
console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
console_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)

# Add console handler to the logger
os_logger.addHandler(console_handler)
```

## Custom Handler For Logs
Define a custom handler that logs to OpenSearch:
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```python
class OpenSearchHandler(logging.Handler):
# Initializer / Instance attributes
def __init__(self, opensearch_client):
logging.Handler.__init__(self)
self.opensearch_client = opensearch_client

# Build index name (e.g., "logs-YYYY-MM-DD")
def _build_index_name(self):
return f"logs-{datetime.date(datetime.now())}"

# Emit logs to the OpenSearch cluster
def emit(self, record):
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document = {
"timestamp": datetime.fromtimestamp(record.created).isoformat(),
"name": record.name,
"level": record.levelname,
"message": record.getMessage(),
"source": {
"file": record.pathname,
"line": record.lineno,
"function": record.funcName,
},
"process": {
"id": record.process,
"name": record.processName
},
"thread": {
"id": record.thread,
"name": record.threadName
},
}

# Write the log entry to OpenSearch, handle exceptions
self.opensearch_client.index(
index=self._build_index_name(),
body=document,
)
```

## Create OpenSearch Handler and Add to Logger
Create an instance of OpenSearchHandler and add it to the logger:

```python
print("Creating an instance of OpenSearchHandler and adding it to the logger...")
# Create an instance of OpenSearchHandler and add it to the logger
os_handler = OpenSearchHandler(opensearch_client)
os_logger.addHandler(os_handler)
```

## Setup Asynchronous Logging Using Queues
Finally, let's setup asynchronous logging using Queues:

```python
print("Setting up asynchronous logging using Queues...")
# Setup asynchronous logging using Queues
log_queue = queue.Queue(-1) # no limit on size
os_queue_handler = QueueHandler(log_queue)
os_queue_listener = QueueListener(log_queue, os_handler)

# Add queue handler to the logger
os_logger.addHandler(os_queue_handler)

# Start listening on the queue using the os_queue_listener
os_queue_listener.start()
```

## Clean Up
Finally, let's clean up by stopping the queue listener:

```python
print("Cleaning up...")
# Stop listening on the queue
os_queue_listener.stop()
print("Log Collection Guide has completed running")
```

## Sample Code
See [log_collection_sample.py](/samples/logging/log_collection_sample.py) for a working sample of the concepts in this guide. The script will create a logger named "OpenSearchLogs" and set the log level to INFO. It will then create an instance of OpenSearchHandler and add it to the logger. Finally, it will setup asynchronous logging using Queues and send a test log to the OpenSearch cluster.

Exptected Output From Running [log_collection_sample.py](/samples/logging/log_collection_sample.py):

```
"""
Running Log Collection Guide
Setting up connection with OpenSearch cluster...
Initializing logger...
Creating an instance of OpenSearchHandler and adding it to the logger...
Setting up asynchronous logging using Queues...
Logger is set up and listener has started. Sending a test log...
This is a test log message
Cleaning up...
Log Collection Guide has completed running
"""
```
116 changes: 116 additions & 0 deletions samples/logging/log_collection_sample.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
#
# The OpenSearch Contributors require contributions made to
# this file be licensed under the Apache-2.0 license or a
# compatible open source license.
#
# Modifications Copyright OpenSearch Contributors. See
# GitHub history for details.

import logging
import queue
from datetime import datetime
from logging.handlers import QueueHandler, QueueListener
from typing import Any

import urllib3

from opensearchpy import OpenSearch

urllib3.disable_warnings()


def main() -> None:
print("Collecting logs.")

# Create a console handler
console_handler: logging.StreamHandler = logging.StreamHandler() # type: ignore
console_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)

# Setup connection with the OpenSearch cluster
print("Setting up connection with OpenSearch cluster...")
opensearch_client: Any = OpenSearch(
"https://admin:admin@localhost:9200",
use_ssl=True,
verify_certs=False,
ssl_show_warn=False,
http_auth=("admin", "admin"),
)

# Initialize a logger named "OpenSearchLogs" for OpenSearch
print("Initializing logger...")
os_logger: logging.Logger = logging.getLogger("OpenSearchLogs")
os_logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

# Add console handler to the logger
os_logger.addHandler(console_handler)

# Define a custom handler that logs to OpenSearch
class OpenSearchHandler(logging.Handler):
# Initializer / Instance attributes
def __init__(self, opensearch_client: Any) -> None:
super().__init__()
self.os_client = opensearch_client

# Build index name (e.g., "logs-YYYY-MM-DD")
def _build_index_name(self) -> str:
return f"logs-{datetime.date(datetime.now())}"

# Emit logs to the OpenSearch cluster
def emit(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> None:
document = {
"timestamp": datetime.fromtimestamp(record.created).isoformat(),
"name": record.name,
"level": record.levelname,
"message": record.getMessage(),
"source": {
"file": record.pathname,
"line": record.lineno,
"function": record.funcName,
},
"process": {"id": record.process, "name": record.processName},
"thread": {"id": record.thread, "name": record.threadName},
}

try:
self.os_client.index(
index=self._build_index_name(),
body=document,
)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Failed to send log to OpenSearch: {e}")
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logging.warning(f"Failed to send log to OpenSearch: {e}")
raise

print("Creating an instance of OpenSearchHandler and adding it to the logger...")
# Create an instance of OpenSearchHandler and add it to the logger
os_handler: OpenSearchHandler = OpenSearchHandler(opensearch_client)
os_logger.addHandler(os_handler)

print("Setting up asynchronous logging using Queues...")
# Setup asynchronous logging using Queues
log_queue: queue.Queue[logging.LogRecord] = queue.Queue(-1) # no limit on size
os_queue_handler: logging.Handler = QueueHandler(log_queue)
os_queue_listener: QueueListener = QueueListener(log_queue, os_handler)

# Add queue handler to the logger
os_logger.addHandler(os_queue_handler)

# Start listening on the queue using the os_queue_listener
os_queue_listener.start()

print("Logger is set up and listener has started. Sending a test log...")
# Logging a test message
os_logger.info("This is a test log message")

print("Cleaning up...")
# Stop listening on the queue
os_queue_listener.stop()
print("Log Collection Guide has completed running")


if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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