Add some tests for various PKCS12 files with NULL ContentInfo

PKCS7 ContentInfo fields held within a PKCS12 file can be NULL, even if the
type has been set to a valid value. CVE-2024-0727 is a result of OpenSSL
attempting to dereference the NULL pointer as a result of this.

We add test for various instances of this problem.

Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Hugo Landau <hlandau@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@openssl.org>
(Merged from #23362)

test/recipes/80-test_pkcs12.t

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 
-use OpenSSL::Test qw/:DEFAULT srctop_file/;
+use OpenSSL::Test qw/:DEFAULT srctop_file with/;
 use OpenSSL::Test::Utils;
 
 use Encode;
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ if (eval { require Win32::API; 1; }) {
 }
 $ENV{OPENSSL_WIN32_UTF8}=1;
 
-plan tests => 13;
+plan tests => 17;
 
 # Test different PKCS#12 formats
 ok(run(test(["pkcs12_format_test"])), "test pkcs12 formats");
@@ -148,4 +148,25 @@ ok(grep(/subject=CN = server.example/, @pkcs12info) == 1,
 # Test that the expected friendly name is present in the output
 ok(grep(/testname/, @pkcs12info) == 1, "test friendly name in output");
 
+# Test some bad pkcs12 files
+my $bad1 = srctop_file("test", "recipes", "80-test_pkcs12_data", "bad1.p12");
+my $bad2 = srctop_file("test", "recipes", "80-test_pkcs12_data", "bad2.p12");
+my $bad3 = srctop_file("test", "recipes", "80-test_pkcs12_data", "bad3.p12");
+
+with({ exit_checker => sub { return shift == 1; } },
+     sub {
+        ok(run(app(["openssl", "pkcs12", "-in", $bad1, "-password", "pass:"])),
+           "test bad pkcs12 file 1");
+
+        ok(run(app(["openssl", "pkcs12", "-in", $bad1, "-password", "pass:",
+                    "-nomacver"])),
+           "test bad pkcs12 file 1 (nomacver)");
+
+        ok(run(app(["openssl", "pkcs12", "-in", $bad2, "-password", "pass:"])),
+           "test bad pkcs12 file 2");
+
+        ok(run(app(["openssl", "pkcs12", "-in", $bad3, "-password", "pass:"])),
+           "test bad pkcs12 file 3");
+     });
+
 SetConsoleOutputCP($savedcp) if (defined($savedcp));