ovs-thread: Use fair (but nonrecursive) rwlocks on glibc.

glibc supports two kinds of rwlocks:

    - The default kind of rwlock always allows recursive read-locks to
      succeed, but threads blocked on acquiring the write-lock are treated
      unfairly, causing them to be delayed indefinitely as long as new
      readers continue to come along.

    - An alternative "writer nonrecursive" rwlock allows recursive
      read-locks to succeed only if there are no threads waiting for the
      write-lock.  Otherwise, recursive read-lock attempts deadlock in
      the presence of blocking write-lock attempts.  However, this kind
      of rwlock is fair to writer.

POSIX allows the latter behavior, which essentially means that any portable
pthread program cannot try to take read-locks recursively.  Since that's
true, we might as well use the latter kind of rwlock with glibc and get the
benefit of fairness of writers.

Signed-off-by: Ben Pfaff <blp@nicira.com>
Acked-by: Joe Stringer <joestringer@nicira.com>

lib/ovs-thread.c

@@ -125,6 +125,12 @@ XPTHREAD_FUNC1(pthread_mutexattr_destroy, pthread_mutexattr_t *);
 XPTHREAD_FUNC2(pthread_mutexattr_settype, pthread_mutexattr_t *, int);
 XPTHREAD_FUNC2(pthread_mutexattr_gettype, pthread_mutexattr_t *, int *);
 
+XPTHREAD_FUNC1(pthread_rwlockattr_init, pthread_rwlockattr_t *);
+XPTHREAD_FUNC1(pthread_rwlockattr_destroy, pthread_rwlockattr_t *);
+#ifdef PTHREAD_RWLOCK_WRITER_NONRECURSIVE_INITIALIZER_NP
+XPTHREAD_FUNC2(pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np, pthread_rwlockattr_t *, int);
+#endif
+
 XPTHREAD_FUNC2(pthread_cond_init, pthread_cond_t *, pthread_condattr_t *);
 XPTHREAD_FUNC1(pthread_cond_destroy, pthread_cond_t *);
 XPTHREAD_FUNC1(pthread_cond_signal, pthread_cond_t *);
@@ -183,13 +189,21 @@ void
 ovs_rwlock_init(const struct ovs_rwlock *l_)
 {
     struct ovs_rwlock *l = CONST_CAST(struct ovs_rwlock *, l_);
+    pthread_rwlockattr_t attr;
     int error;
 
     l->where = NULL;
+
+    xpthread_rwlockattr_init(&attr);
+#ifdef PTHREAD_RWLOCK_WRITER_NONRECURSIVE_INITIALIZER_NP
+    xpthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np(
+        &attr, PTHREAD_RWLOCK_PREFER_WRITER_NONRECURSIVE_NP);
+#endif
     error = pthread_rwlock_init(&l->lock, NULL);
     if (OVS_UNLIKELY(error)) {
         ovs_abort(error, "pthread_rwlock_init failed");
     }
+    xpthread_rwlockattr_destroy(&attr);
 }
 
 void

lib/ovs-thread.h

@@ -77,14 +77,30 @@ void xpthread_mutexattr_destroy(pthread_mutexattr_t *);
 void xpthread_mutexattr_settype(pthread_mutexattr_t *, int type);
 void xpthread_mutexattr_gettype(pthread_mutexattr_t *, int *typep);
 
-/* Read-write lock. */
+/* Read-write lock.
+ *
+ * An ovs_rwlock does not support recursive readers, because POSIX allows
+ * taking the reader lock recursively to deadlock when a thread is waiting on
+ * the write-lock.  (NetBSD does deadlock.)  glibc rwlocks in their default
+ * configuration do not deadlock, but ovs_rwlock_init() initializes rwlocks as
+ * non-recursive (which will deadlock) for two reasons:
+ *
+ *     - glibc only provides fairness to writers in this mode.
+ *
+ *     - It's better to find bugs in the primary Open vSwitch target rather
+ *       than exposing them only to porters. */
 struct OVS_LOCKABLE ovs_rwlock {
     pthread_rwlock_t lock;
     const char *where;
 };
 
 /* Initializer. */
+#ifdef PTHREAD_RWLOCK_WRITER_NONRECURSIVE_INITIALIZER_NP
+#define OVS_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER \
+        { PTHREAD_RWLOCK_WRITER_NONRECURSIVE_INITIALIZER_NP, NULL }
+#else
 #define OVS_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER { PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER, NULL }
+#endif
 
 /* ovs_rwlock functions analogous to pthread_rwlock_*() functions.
  *
@@ -95,6 +111,13 @@ void ovs_rwlock_init(const struct ovs_rwlock *);
 void ovs_rwlock_destroy(const struct ovs_rwlock *);
 void ovs_rwlock_unlock(const struct ovs_rwlock *rwlock) OVS_RELEASES(rwlock);
 
+/* Wrappers for pthread_rwlockattr_*() that abort the process on any error. */
+void xpthread_rwlockattr_init(pthread_rwlockattr_t *);
+void xpthread_rwlockattr_destroy(pthread_rwlockattr_t *);
+#ifdef PTHREAD_RWLOCK_WRITER_NONRECURSIVE_INITIALIZER_NP
+void xpthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np(pthread_rwlockattr_t *, int kind);
+#endif
+
 void ovs_rwlock_wrlock_at(const struct ovs_rwlock *rwlock, const char *where)
     OVS_ACQ_WRLOCK(rwlock);
 #define ovs_rwlock_wrlock(rwlock) \