import.meta.require is not a function error after target: "node" build

[Dugnist]

What version of Bun is running?

1.0.2+37edd5a6e389265738e89265bcbdf2999cb81a49

What platform is your computer?

Linux 6.2.0-32-generic x86_64 x86_64 Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS

What steps can reproduce the bug?

1. Create a /cli/build.ts file:

import path from "node:path";
import process from "node:process";

const projectBaseDir = process.cwd();

const input = path.resolve(
  projectBaseDir,
  "packages/name-of-package/src/production.ts"
);
const output = path.resolve(projectBaseDir, "build");

await Bun.build({
  entrypoints: [input],
  outdir: output,
  target: "node",
  format: "esm",
});

2. Run bun run ./cli/build.ts
3. Created /build/production.js
4. Run node ./build/production.js
5. Got an Error:

file:///home/.../build/production.js:19
  return import.meta.require(id);
                     ^

TypeError: (intermediate value).require is not a function
    at __require (file:///home/.../build/production.js:19:22)
    at file:///home/.../build/production.js:3437:12
    at file:///home/.../build/production.js:17:45
    at file:///home/.../build/production.js:31587:15
    at file:///home/.../build/production.js:17:45
    at file:///home/.../build/production.js:31685:30
    at ModuleJob.run (node:internal/modules/esm/module_job:217:25)
    at async ModuleLoader.import (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:308:24)
    at async loadESM (node:internal/process/esm_loader:42:7)
    at async handleMainPromise (node:internal/modules/run_main:66:12)

6. build/production.js code generated by bun before main logic:

var __create = Object.create;
var __defProp = Object.defineProperty;
var __getProtoOf = Object.getPrototypeOf;
var __getOwnPropNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames;
var __hasOwnProp = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
var __toESM = (mod, isNodeMode, target) => {
  target = mod != null ? __create(__getProtoOf(mod)) : {};
  const to = isNodeMode || !mod || !mod.__esModule ? __defProp(target, "default", { value: mod, enumerable: true }) : target;
  for (let key of __getOwnPropNames(mod))
    if (!__hasOwnProp.call(to, key))
      __defProp(to, key, {
        get: () => mod[key],
        enumerable: true
      });
  return to;
};
var __commonJS = (cb, mod) => () => (mod || cb((mod = { exports: {} }).exports, mod), mod.exports);
var __require = (id) => {
  return import.meta.require(id);
};
var __export = (target, all) => {
  for (var name in all)
    __defProp(target, name, {
      get: all[name],
      enumerable: true,
      configurable: true,
      set: (newValue) => all[name] = () => newValue
    });
};
var __esm = (fn, res) => () => (fn && (res = fn(fn = 0)), res);

What is the expected behavior?

node ./build/production.js should work. Require should handle ESM imports.

What do you see instead?

TypeError: (intermediate value).require is not a function

Additional information

I made a temporary solution:

/cli/build.ts

...

// Temporary solution to fix bun build "import.meta.require" error
const pathToBuildedFile = path.resolve(projectBaseDir, "build/production.js");

const inputFile = Bun.file(pathToBuildedFile);
const outputFile = Bun.file(pathToBuildedFile);

let inputFileText = await inputFile.text();

if (!inputFileText.includes('import { createRequire } from "module";')) {
  inputFileText = inputFileText.replace(
    "var __require = (id) => {",
    'import { createRequire } from "module"; var __require = (id) => {'
  );
}

if (!inputFileText.includes("return createRequire(import.meta.url)(id);")) {
  inputFileText = inputFileText.replace(
    "return import.meta.require(id);",
    "return createRequire(import.meta.url)(id);"
  );
}

await Bun.write(outputFile, inputFileText);

[Zorato]

Got the same issue, tmp solution works!

[mbklein]

I managed to turn @Dugnist's temp solution into one that works on both regular and minified output by inserting this line at the top of the output instead:

import { createRequire as createImportMetaRequire } from "module"; import.meta.require ||= (id) => createImportMetaRequire(import.meta.url)(id);

It's essentially a polyfill for the missing import.meta.require.

[smt7174]

Adding to @Dugnist and @mbklein 's solutions, I managed to read and write files by stream so that builds do not fail even if the file size is large.
(If built file size is too large, build sometimes fails)

// original built file
const inputFile = fs.createReadStream(pathToBuildedFile, {
  encoding: "utf-8"
});
// temp file 
const outputFile = fs.createWriteStream(`${pathToBuildedFile}.bak`, {
  encoding: "utf-8"
});

outputFile.write('import { createRequire as createImportMetaRequire } from "module"; import.meta.require ||= (id) => createImportMetaRequire(import.meta.url)(id);\n\n');

const decoder = new TextDecoder();
const transformer = new Transform({
  transform(
    chunk: Uint8Array, 
    encoding: string, 
    done: TransformCallback
  ): void {
    this.push(decoder.decode(chunk)) // convert Uint8Array to string
    done()
  },
})

inputFile.pipe(transformer).pipe(outputFile);

// delete original build file and rename temp file to original built file name 
fs.unlinkSync(pathToBuildedFile);
fs.renameSync(`${pathToBuildedFile}.bak`, pathToBuildedFile);

[mathiasrw]

A number of issues are connected to this

• bun build --target node injects incorrect require function #6168
• import.meta.require is not a function error after target: "node" build #5707
• [bundler] Do not include import.meta.require in bundled code when building with target: "node" #5154
• ESM bundling for Node produces code for Bun #4861
• ReferenceError: Can't find variable: require_x #2858

Looks like #6168 (comment) got a workaround while we wait for a solution.

[Electroid]

Duplicate of #6168