BUG: raise for invalid dtypes per issue #15520

closes #15520

Author: Akash Tandon <akashtndn.acm@gmail.com>
Author: root <akashtndn.acm@gmail.com>
Author: analyticalmonk <akash@redcarpetup.com>
Author: Akash Tandon <analyticalmonk@users.noreply.github.com>

Closes #16047 from analyticalmonk/patch_for_15520 and squashes the following commits:

3646eb6 [analyticalmonk] TST: check for invalid dtype for Series constructor per GH15520
73d980a [Akash Tandon] Merge branch 'master' into patch_for_15520
b3c2fbb [root] BUG: Added 'O' to pandas_dtype's valid list
c3699fb [root] DOC: added whatsnew entry for PR#16047 addressing GH15520
fbed5a6 [Akash Tandon] TST: Added list to invalid dtype
ad9f345 [Akash Tandon] CLN: refactored code related to issue GH15520
a358181 [Akash Tandon] BUG: Added numpy.dtype_ to valid pandas_dtype() type list
3eaa432 [Akash Tandon] TST: Added numpy.object_ dtype to valid pandas_dtype list
f858726 [Akash Tandon] style fix
d4971cd [Akash Tandon] BUG: pandas_dtype() to raise error for invalid dtype per GH15520
ee0030f [Akash Tandon] TST: added more test-cases for pandas_dtype() test
3700259 [Akash Tandon] CLN: Replace _coerce_to_dtype() with pandas_dtype()
c10e1d4 [Akash Tandon] TST: maintain list containing dtypes in TestPandasDtype
fecba12 [Akash Tandon] BUG: Raise when invalid dtype passed to pandas_dtype
99fb660 [Akash Tandon] TST: wrote test representing bug fix result for #15520

doc/source/whatsnew/v0.20.0.txt

@@ -1605,6 +1605,7 @@ Conversion
 - Bug in the return type of ``pd.unique`` on a ``Categorical``, which was returning an ndarray and not a ``Categorical`` (:issue:`15903`)
 - Bug in ``Index.to_series()`` where the index was not copied (and so mutating later would change the original), (:issue:`15949`)
 - Bug in indexing with partial string indexing with a len-1 DataFrame (:issue:`16071`)
+- Bug in ``Series`` construction where passing invalid dtype didn't raise an error. (:issue:`15520`)
 
 Indexing
 ^^^^^^^^

pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
                      is_datetime_or_timedelta_dtype,
                      is_bool_dtype, is_scalar,
                      _string_dtypes,
-                     _coerce_to_dtype,
+                     pandas_dtype,
                      _ensure_int8, _ensure_int16,
                      _ensure_int32, _ensure_int64,
                      _NS_DTYPE, _TD_DTYPE, _INT64_DTYPE,
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ def astype_nansafe(arr, dtype, copy=True):
     """ return a view if copy is False, but
         need to be very careful as the result shape could change! """
     if not isinstance(dtype, np.dtype):
-        dtype = _coerce_to_dtype(dtype)
+        dtype = pandas_dtype(dtype)
 
     if issubclass(dtype.type, text_type):
         # in Py3 that's str, in Py2 that's unicode

pandas/core/dtypes/common.py

@@ -788,4 +788,19 @@ def pandas_dtype(dtype):
     elif isinstance(dtype, ExtensionDtype):
         return dtype
 
-    return np.dtype(dtype)
+    try:
+        npdtype = np.dtype(dtype)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        raise
+
+    # Any invalid dtype (such as pd.Timestamp) should raise an error.
+    # np.dtype(invalid_type).kind = 0 for such objects. However, this will
+    # also catch some valid dtypes such as object, np.object_ and 'object'
+    # which we safeguard against by catching them earlier and returning
+    # np.dtype(valid_dtype) before this condition is evaluated.
+    if dtype in [object, np.object_, 'object', 'O']:
+        return npdtype
+    elif npdtype.kind == 'O':
+        raise TypeError('dtype {0} not understood'.format(dtype))
+
+    return npdtype

pandas/core/generic.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 
 from pandas._libs import tslib, lib
 from pandas.core.dtypes.common import (
-    _coerce_to_dtype,
     _ensure_int64,
     needs_i8_conversion,
     is_scalar,
@@ -23,7 +22,8 @@
     is_datetime64tz_dtype,
     is_list_like,
     is_dict_like,
-    is_re_compilable)
+    is_re_compilable,
+    pandas_dtype)
 from pandas.core.dtypes.cast import maybe_promote, maybe_upcast_putmask
 from pandas.core.dtypes.missing import isnull, notnull
 from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ABCSeries, ABCPanel
@@ -170,13 +170,14 @@ def _validate_dtype(self, dtype):
         """ validate the passed dtype """
 
         if dtype is not None:
-            dtype = _coerce_to_dtype(dtype)
+            dtype = pandas_dtype(dtype)
 
             # a compound dtype
             if dtype.kind == 'V':
                 raise NotImplementedError("compound dtypes are not implemented"
                                           "in the {0} constructor"
                                           .format(self.__class__.__name__))
+
         return dtype
 
     def _init_mgr(self, mgr, axes=None, dtype=None, copy=False):

pandas/core/series.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 import numpy.ma as ma
 
 from pandas.core.dtypes.common import (
-    _coerce_to_dtype, is_categorical_dtype,
+    is_categorical_dtype,
     is_bool,
     is_integer, is_integer_dtype,
     is_float_dtype,
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@
     is_dict_like,
     is_scalar,
     _is_unorderable_exception,
-    _ensure_platform_int)
+    _ensure_platform_int,
+    pandas_dtype)
 from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ABCSparseArray, ABCDataFrame
 from pandas.core.dtypes.cast import (
     maybe_upcast, infer_dtype_from_scalar,
@@ -2872,7 +2873,7 @@ def _sanitize_array(data, index, dtype=None, copy=False,
     """
 
     if dtype is not None:
-        dtype = _coerce_to_dtype(dtype)
+        dtype = pandas_dtype(dtype)
 
     if isinstance(data, ma.MaskedArray):
         mask = ma.getmaskarray(data)

pandas/tests/dtypes/test_common.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
 
 from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import (
     DatetimeTZDtype, PeriodDtype, CategoricalDtype)
@@ -13,6 +14,20 @@
 
 class TestPandasDtype(tm.TestCase):
 
+    # Passing invalid dtype, both as a string or object, must raise TypeError
+    # Per issue GH15520
+    def test_invalid_dtype_error(self):
+        msg = 'not understood'
+        invalid_list = [pd.Timestamp, 'pd.Timestamp', list]
+        for dtype in invalid_list:
+            with tm.assertRaisesRegexp(TypeError, msg):
+                pandas_dtype(dtype)
+
+        valid_list = [object, 'float64', np.object_, np.dtype('object'), 'O',
+                      np.float64, float, np.dtype('float64')]
+        for dtype in valid_list:
+            pandas_dtype(dtype)
+
     def test_numpy_dtype(self):
         for dtype in ['M8[ns]', 'm8[ns]', 'object', 'float64', 'int64']:
             self.assertEqual(pandas_dtype(dtype), np.dtype(dtype))

pandas/tests/series/test_constructors.py

@@ -30,6 +30,14 @@
 
 class TestSeriesConstructors(TestData, tm.TestCase):
 
+    def test_invalid_dtype(self):
+        # GH15520
+        msg = 'not understood'
+        invalid_list = [pd.Timestamp, 'pd.Timestamp', list]
+        for dtype in invalid_list:
+            with tm.assertRaisesRegexp(TypeError, msg):
+                Series([], name='time', dtype=dtype)
+
     def test_scalar_conversion(self):
 
         # Pass in scalar is disabled

pandas/tests/test_strings.py

@@ -1208,10 +1208,9 @@ def test_extractall_same_as_extract_subject_index(self):
         tm.assert_frame_equal(extract_one_noname, no_match_index)
 
     def test_empty_str_methods(self):
-        empty_str = empty = Series(dtype=str)
+        empty_str = empty = Series(dtype=object)
         empty_int = Series(dtype=int)
         empty_bool = Series(dtype=bool)
-        empty_list = Series(dtype=list)
         empty_bytes = Series(dtype=object)
 
         # GH7241
@@ -1242,25 +1241,24 @@ def test_empty_str_methods(self):
             DataFrame(columns=[0, 1], dtype=str),
             empty.str.extract('()()', expand=False))
         tm.assert_frame_equal(DataFrame(dtype=str), empty.str.get_dummies())
-        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty_list.str.join(''))
+        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty_str.str.join(''))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_int, empty.str.len())
-        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_list, empty_list.str.findall('a'))
+        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty_str.str.findall('a'))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_int, empty.str.find('a'))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_int, empty.str.rfind('a'))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.pad(42))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.center(42))
-        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_list, empty.str.split('a'))
-        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_list, empty.str.rsplit('a'))
-        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_list,
+        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.split('a'))
+        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.rsplit('a'))
+        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str,
                                empty.str.partition('a', expand=False))
-        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_list,
+        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str,
                                empty.str.rpartition('a', expand=False))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.slice(stop=1))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.slice(step=1))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.strip())
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.lstrip())
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.rstrip())
-        tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.rstrip())
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.wrap(42))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty.str.get(0))
         tm.assert_series_equal(empty_str, empty_bytes.str.decode('ascii'))