TS types transformer: Throw diagnostics as error on empty emit

[mischnic]

Closes #8798

Previously, they were logged as warnings and then overwritten (!) by the error thrown by nullthrows(host.outputCode) if the emit failed.

• Add test
• Deduplicate diagnostics between ts.getPreEmitDiagnostics(program) and emitResult.diagnostics

[parcel-benchmark]

Benchmark Results

Kitchen Sink ✅

Timings

Description	Time	Difference
Cold	1.45s	+19.00ms
Cached	329.00ms	-4.00ms

Cold Bundles

No bundle changes detected.

Cached Bundles

No bundle changes detected.

React HackerNews ✅

Timings

Description	Time	Difference
Cold	7.03s	+13.00ms
Cached	431.00ms	+17.00ms

Cold Bundles

Bundle	Size	Difference	Time	Difference
dist/PermalinkedComment.60e78a07.js	4.18kb	+0.00b	428.00ms	+23.00ms ⚠️
dist/UserProfile.c18819ee.js	1.57kb	+0.00b	428.00ms	+24.00ms ⚠️
dist/NotFound.cfeedbab.js	427.00b	+0.00b	429.00ms	+25.00ms ⚠️

Cached Bundles

Bundle	Size	Difference	Time	Difference
dist/index.js	463.02kb	+0.00b	1.01s	-53.00ms 🚀
dist/PermalinkedComment.60e78a07.js	4.18kb	+0.00b	402.00ms	+22.00ms ⚠️
dist/UserProfile.c18819ee.js	1.57kb	+0.00b	402.00ms	+22.00ms ⚠️
dist/NotFound.cfeedbab.js	427.00b	+0.00b	402.00ms	+22.00ms ⚠️

AtlasKit Editor ✅

Timings

Description	Time	Difference
Cold	1.03m	+1.03m ⚠️
Cached	2.06s	+2.06s ⚠️

Cold Bundles

No bundles found, this is probably a failed build...

Cached Bundles

No bundles found, this is probably a failed build...

Three.js ✅

Timings

Description	Time	Difference
Cold	4.93s	-99.00ms
Cached	254.00ms	-5.00ms

Cold Bundles

Bundle	Size	Difference	Time	Difference
dist/Three.js	572.22kb	+0.00b	903.00ms	-76.00ms 🚀

Cached Bundles

No bundle changes detected.

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