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pir.y
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pir.y
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%{
/*
* Copyright (C) 2007-2009, Parrot Foundation.
*/
/*
=head1 NAME
pir.y - Bison specification for the PIR assembly language parser.
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This file implements the parser for the PIR assembly language. During the
parsing phase, data structures are created that represent the input. These
data structures are defined in C<pircompunit.h>.
The parser implements strength reduction and constant folding. Strength
reduction refers to the selection of instructions that have the same
effect as the instruction written by the PIR programmer, but are more
efficient. For instance:
add $P0, $P0, $P1
can be reduced to:
add $P0, $P1
as C<$P0> was an IN/OUT operand.
Constant folding refers to the compile-time evaluation of expressions,
if possible. For instance:
add $I0, 10, 20
can be written as:
set $I0, 30
as we can evaluate this result during compile time. Likewise, conditional
branch instructions may become unconditional branch instructions (if the
condition evaluates to I<true> during compile time) or it may become a C<noop>
(no op) instruction (if the condition evaluates to I<false> during compile time).
=cut
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "parrot/oplib/ops.h"
#include "pircompiler.h"
#include "pircompunit.h"
#include "pirsymbol.h"
#include "piryy.h"
#include "pirmacro.h"
#include "pirpcc.h"
#include "pirerr.h"
#include "pirop.h"
/* #defines to prevent declarations of malloc() and free() in pirparser.h */
#define YYMALLOC
#define YYFREE
#include "pirparser.h"
/* #define to prevent declaration of yypirlex() in pirlexer.h */
#define YY_DECL
#include "pirlexer.h"
int yypirlex(YYSTYPE *yylval, yyscan_t yyscanner);
#ifdef _WIN32
/* prevent warnings about unreachable code. */
# pragma warning (disable:4702)
/* prevent warnings about possible loss of data. */
# pragma warning (disable:4244)
/* prevent warnings about uninitialized yylval object. */
# pragma warning (disable:4701)
#else
#endif
/* HEADERIZER HFILE: none */
/* HEADERIZER BEGIN: static */
/* Don't modify between HEADERIZER BEGIN / HEADERIZER END. Your changes will be lost. */
/* Don't modify between HEADERIZER BEGIN / HEADERIZER END. Your changes will be lost. */
/* HEADERIZER END: static */
char *expand_macro(yyscan_t yyscanner, macro_def * const macro, macro_param * args);
/* Enumeration of mathematical operator types; these are used to index the opnames array. */
typedef enum pir_math_operators {
OP_ADD = 0, /* make sure counting starts at 0 */
OP_INC, /* special case for OP_ADD; must be 1 position after OP_ADD */
OP_SUB,
OP_DEC, /* special case for OP_DEC; must be 1 position after OP_SUB */
OP_DIV,
OP_MUL,
OP_MOD,
OP_BOR,
OP_BAND,
OP_BXOR,
OP_POW,
OP_CONCAT,
OP_LSR,
OP_SHR,
OP_SHL,
OP_OR,
OP_AND,
OP_FDIV,
OP_XOR,
OP_ISEQ,
OP_ISLE,
OP_ISLT,
OP_ISGE,
OP_ISGT,
OP_ISNE
} pir_math_operator;
/* relational operator types */
typedef enum pir_rel_operators {
OP_NE = OP_ISNE + 1, /* continue after OP_ISNE in pir_math_operator. */
OP_EQ,
OP_GT,
OP_LT,
OP_GE,
OP_LE
} pir_rel_operator;
/* names of the binary operators */
static char const * const opnames[] = {
"add",
"inc", /* use this when "add"ing 1 */
"sub",
"dec", /* use this when "sub"ing 1 */
"div",
"mul",
"mod",
"bor",
"band",
"bxor",
"pow",
"concat",
"lsr",
"shr",
"shl",
"or",
"and",
"fdiv",
"xor",
"iseq",
"isle",
"islt",
"isge",
"isgt",
"isne",
/* note that from here on it's rel. ops; see pir_rel_operator enumeration */
"ne",
"eq",
"gt", /* 1 position before "lt" */
"lt",
"ge", /* 1 position before "le" */
"le"
};
/* prototypes for constant folding and compile-time evaluation functions */
static constant *fold_i_i(yyscan_t yyscanner, int a, pir_math_operator op, int b);
static constant *fold_n_i(yyscan_t yyscanner, double a, pir_math_operator op, int b);
static constant *fold_i_n(yyscan_t yyscanner, int a, pir_math_operator op, double b);
static constant *fold_n_n(yyscan_t yyscanner, double a, pir_math_operator op, double b);
static constant *fold_s_s(yyscan_t yyscanner, char const *a, pir_math_operator op, char const *b);
static int evaluate_i_i(int a, pir_rel_operator op, int b);
static int evaluate_n_n(double a, pir_rel_operator op, double b);
static int evaluate_i_n(int a, pir_rel_operator op, double b);
static int evaluate_n_i(double a, pir_rel_operator op, int b);
static int evaluate_s_s(char const * const a, pir_rel_operator op, char const * const b);
static int evaluate_s(char const * const s);
static int evaluate_c(lexer_state * const lexer, constant * const c);
static char *concat_strings(lexer_state * const lexer, char const * a, char const * b);
static void create_if_instr(lexer_state * const lexer, int invert,
int hasnull, char const * const name, char const * const label);
static void do_strength_reduction(lexer_state * const lexer);
static int check_value(constant * const c, int val);
static void check_first_arg_direction(lexer_state * const lexer, char const * const opname);
static int check_op_args_for_symbols(lexer_state * const lexer);
static void undeclared_symbol(lexer_state * const lexer, char const * const symbol);
/* names of the Parrot types. Note that pir_type_names is (file-)global,
* but it's read-only, so that's fine.
*/
static char const * const pir_type_names[] = { "int", "string", "pmc", "num" };
/* enable debugging of generated parser */
#define YYDEBUG 1
/* enable slightly more helpful error messages */
#define YYERROR_VERBOSE 1
#ifndef YYENABLE_NLS
# define YYENABLE_NLS 0
#endif
#ifndef YYLTYPE_IS_TRIVIAL
# define YYLTYPE_IS_TRIVIAL 0
#endif
/* the parser aborts if there are more than 10 errors */
#define MAX_NUM_ERRORS 10
#define COMPUTE_DURING_RUNTIME -1
#define DONT_INVERT_OPNAME 0
#define NEED_INVERT_OPNAME 1
%}
/* list all types that can be moved from lexer to parser, or from
* rule to rule in the parser only.
*/
%union {
double dval;
int ival;
unsigned uval;
char const *sval;
struct constant *cval;
struct constdecl *cdec;
struct ucstring *ustr;
struct instruction *instr;
struct expression *expr;
struct target *targ;
struct argument *argm;
struct invocation *invo;
struct key *key;
struct symbol *symb;
struct macro_def *mval;
struct macro_param *pval;
}
%token TK_HLL ".HLL"
TK_LOADLIB ".loadlib"
%token TK_SUB ".sub"
TK_END ".end"
TK_PARAM ".param"
TK_LEX ".lex"
TK_LINE ".line"
TK_FILE ".file"
TK_LOCAL ".local"
TK_NAMESPACE ".namespace"
TK_INVOCANT ".invocant"
TK_METH_CALL ".meth_call"
TK_GLOBALCONST ".globalconst"
TK_CONST ".const"
TK_RETURN ".return"
TK_YIELD ".yield"
TK_SET_YIELD ".set_yield"
TK_SET_RETURN ".set_return"
TK_BEGIN_YIELD ".begin_yield"
TK_END_YIELD ".end_yield"
TK_BEGIN_RETURN ".begin_return"
TK_END_RETURN ".end_return"
TK_BEGIN_CALL ".begin_call"
TK_END_CALL ".end_call"
TK_GET_RESULTS ".get_results"
TK_CALL ".call"
TK_SET_ARG ".set_arg"
TK_GET_RESULT ".get_result"
TK_NCI_CALL ".nci_call"
TK_TAILCALL ".tailcall"
TK_ANNOTATE ".annotate"
%token <ival> TK_NL "\n"
%token <sval> TK_LABEL "label"
<sval> TK_IDENT "identifier"
%token <sval> TK_INT "int"
<sval> TK_NUM "num"
<sval> TK_PMC "pmc"
<sval> TK_STRING "string"
<sval> TK_IF "if"
<sval> TK_UNLESS "unless"
<sval> TK_NULL "null"
<sval> TK_GOTO "goto"
%token <sval> TK_STRINGC "string constant"
<ustr> TK_USTRINGC "unicode string"
<ival> TK_INTC "integer constant"
<dval> TK_NUMC "number constant"
<ival> TK_PREG "PMC register"
<ival> TK_NREG "number register"
<ival> TK_SREG "string register"
<ival> TK_IREG "integer register"
%token TK_ARROW "=>"
TK_NE "!="
TK_EQ "=="
TK_LT "<"
TK_LE "<="
TK_GT ">"
TK_GE ">="
TK_USHIFT ">>>"
TK_RSHIFT ">>"
TK_LSHIFT "<<"
TK_FDIV "//"
TK_OR "||"
TK_AND "&&"
TK_XOR "~~"
TK_CONC "."
TK_ASSIGN_USHIFT ">>>="
TK_ASSIGN_RSHIFT ">>="
TK_ASSIGN_LSHIFT "<<="
%token TK_ASSIGN_INC "+="
TK_ASSIGN_DEC "-="
TK_ASSIGN_MUL "*="
TK_ASSIGN_MOD "%="
TK_ASSIGN_POW "**="
TK_ASSIGN_DIV "/="
TK_ASSIGN_BOR "|="
TK_ASSIGN_BAND "&="
TK_ASSIGN_FDIV "//="
TK_ASSIGN_BNOT "~="
TK_ASSIGN_CONC ".="
%token TK_FLAG_INIT ":init"
TK_FLAG_LOAD ":load"
TK_FLAG_MAIN ":main"
TK_FLAG_ANON ":anon"
TK_FLAG_METHOD ":method"
TK_FLAG_OUTER ":outer"
TK_FLAG_VTABLE ":vtable"
TK_FLAG_LEX ":lex"
TK_FLAG_MULTI ":multi"
TK_FLAG_POSTCOMP ":postcomp"
TK_FLAG_IMMEDIATE ":immediate"
TK_FLAG_SUBID ":subid"
TK_FLAG_INSTANCEOF ":instanceof"
TK_FLAG_NSENTRY ":nsentry"
%token TK_FLAG_UNIQUE_REG ":unique_reg"
TK_FLAG_NAMED ":named"
TK_FLAG_SLURPY ":slurpy"
TK_FLAG_FLAT ":flat"
TK_FLAG_OPTIONAL ":optional"
TK_FLAG_OPT_FLAG ":opt_flag"
TK_FLAG_INVOCANT ":invocant"
TK_FLAG_LOOKAHEAD ":lookahead"
/* tokens and types for macro layer */
%token TK_MACRO ".macro"
TK_ENDM ".endm"
TK_MACRO_LOCAL ".macro_local"
TK_MACRO_LABEL ".macro_label"
TK_MACRO_CONST ".macro_const"
%token <sval> TK_MACRO_LABEL_ID "macro-label"
<sval> TK_MACRO_LOCAL_ID "macro-local"
<mval> TK_MACRO_IDENT "macro-identifier"
<sval> TK_MACRO_ARG_IDENT "macro-id-argument"
<sval> TK_MACRO_ARG_OTHER "macro-argument"
<sval> TK_MACRO_CONST_VAL "macro-constant"
%type <pval> opt_macro_args
macro_args
macro_arg_list
%type <sval> macro_arg
/* for PASM */
%token TK_PASM_MARKER_START "<pasm-input>"
%token TK_PIR_MARKER_START "<pir-input>"
%token TK_PCC_SUB ".pcc_sub"
%token <sval> TK_PARROT_OP "parrot-op"
/* normal rules and types */
%type <sval> unop
identifier
sub_id
opt_paren_string
paren_string
keyword
parrot_op
macro_expansion
braced_contents
braced_arg
braced_item
rhs_ident
%type <targ> sub
pmc_object
opt_ret_cont
target
reg
param
symbol
result_target
long_result
long_results
opt_long_results
opt_target_list
opt_list
target_list
keyaccess
parameter
%type <symb> local_id
local_id_list
%type <argm> named_arg
short_arg
arguments
argument
arg
opt_arguments_list
arguments_list
opt_yield_expressions
yield_expressions
yield_expression
opt_return_expressions
return_expressions
return_expression
opt_long_arguments
long_arguments
long_argument
%type <expr> expression
namespace_slice
method
op_arg_expr
multi_type
opt_multi_types
multi_types
%type <key> keys
keylist
opt_namespace
namespace
%type <ival> has_unique_reg
type
target_flags
target_flag
param_flags
param_flag
invocant_flag
lookahead_flag
arg_flags
arg_flag
if_unless
binop
rel_op
condition
augmented_op
unique_reg_flag
int_or_num
%type <uval> parameters
%type <invo> long_invocation
long_invocation_stat
short_invocation_stat
methodcall
subcall
simple_invocation
long_yield_stat
long_return_stat
short_yield_stat
short_return_stat
invocation
short_invocation
return_instr
%type <cval> constant
stringconst
pmc_const
%type <cdec> const_tail
const_decl
globalconst_decl
const_stat
basic_const_tail
pmc_const_tail
/* all exported functions start with "yypir", instead of default "yy". */
%name-prefix="yypir"
%debug
/* generate a header file with all token definitions for the lexer */
%defines
/* needed for reentrancy */
%pure-parser
/* name of generated parser */
%output="pirparser.c"
/* move around a yyscan_t object */
%parse-param {yyscan_t yyscanner}
%lex-param {yyscan_t yyscanner}
/* The parser is invoked with this extra parameter */
%parse-param {struct lexer_state * const lexer}
/* Note: don't declare the lexer_state argument as a %lex-param,
* this object is stored in the yyscan_t structure, and can be
* accessed through yy{set,get}_extra().
*/
/* A note on the layout of the grammar rules.
*
* All actions should be written on the next line, with a fixed indention
* w.r.t. colon (':'). This is true for all rules, except:
*
* 1: simple actions that return a flag. For instance, the <has_unique_reg> rule.
* 2: simple rules that have only single tokens as alternatives. See the operators
* for an example.
*
* + Do not write embedded actions; instead, refactor the grammar by adding
* a new rule, so that the previously-embedded action becomes a 'normal'
* action.
*/
/* start rule */
%start TOP
%%
/* Top-level rules */
/* the very first token indicates what kind of file it is, and therefore
* acts as a selector for the right grammar.
*/
TOP : "<pir-input>" pir_contents
| "<pasm-input>" pasm_contents
;
/* PIR grammar */
pir_contents : opt_nl
pir_chunks
opt_nl
{ fixup_global_labels(lexer); }
;
opt_nl : /* empty */
| newline
;
newline : "\n"
{ lexer->linenr += $1; }
;
pir_chunks : pir_chunk
| pir_chunks newline pir_chunk
;
pir_chunk : sub_def
| const_decl_chunk
| namespace_decl
| hll_specifier
| loadlib
| location_directive
| macro_definition
| error_stat
;
/* implementation of macro layer: macro definition */
macro_definition : macro_const
| macro
;
macro_const : ".macro_const" TK_IDENT TK_MACRO_CONST_VAL
{ new_macro_const(lexer->macros, $2, $3, yypirget_lineno(yyscanner)); }
;
macro : macro_header '(' macro_parameters ')' "\n"
macro_body
".endm"
{ /* fprintf(stderr, "macro body: [%s]\n", CURRENT_MACRO(lexer)->body);*/ }
;
macro_header : ".macro" identifier
{
new_macro(lexer->macros, $2, yypirget_lineno(yyscanner), TRUE,
lexer->macro_size);
}
;
macro_parameters : /* empty */
| macro_params
;
macro_params : macro_param
| macro_params ',' macro_param
;
macro_param : identifier
{ add_macro_param(CURRENT_MACRO(lexer), $1); }
;
macro_body : /* empty */
| macro_statements
;
macro_statements : macro_statement
| macro_statements macro_statement
;
macro_statement : macro_instr newline
;
macro_instr : macro_label_decl
| macro_local_decl
;
macro_label_decl : ".macro_label" TK_MACRO_LABEL_ID
{ store_macro_string(CURRENT_MACRO(lexer), "%s\n", $2); }
;
macro_local_decl : ".macro_local" type TK_MACRO_LOCAL_ID
{
store_macro_string(CURRENT_MACRO(lexer), ".local %s %s\n",
pir_type_names[$2], $3);
}
;
/* end of macro layer: definition */
loadlib : ".loadlib" TK_STRINGC
{ load_library(lexer, $2); }
;
location_directive: ".line" TK_INTC
{ yypirset_lineno ($2, yyscanner); }
| ".file" TK_STRINGC
{ lexer->filename = $2; }
;
/* HLL stuff */
hll_specifier : ".HLL" TK_STRINGC
{ set_hll(lexer, $2); }
;
namespace_decl : ".namespace" '[' opt_namespace ']'
{ set_namespace(lexer, $3); }
;
opt_namespace : /* empty */
{ $$ = NULL; }
| namespace
{ $$ = $1; }
;
namespace : namespace_slice
{ $$ = new_key(lexer, $1); }
| namespace ';' namespace_slice
{ $$ = add_key(lexer, $1, $3); }
;
namespace_slice : TK_STRINGC
{ $$ = expr_from_string(lexer, $1); }
;
sub_def : sub_head sub_flags newline
parameter_list
instructions
sub_end
;
sub_end : ".end"
{ close_sub(lexer); }
;
sub_head : ".sub" sub_id
{ new_subr(lexer, lexer->sval /*$2*/); }
;
sub_id : identifier
| TK_STRINGC
;
sub_flags : /* empty */
| sub_flags sub_flag
;
sub_flag : ":anon"
{ set_sub_flag(lexer, PIRC_SUB_FLAG_ANON);}
| ":init"
{ set_sub_flag(lexer, PIRC_SUB_FLAG_INIT); }
| ":load"
{ set_sub_flag(lexer, PIRC_SUB_FLAG_LOAD); }
| ":main"
{ set_sub_flag(lexer, PIRC_SUB_FLAG_MAIN); }
| ":lex"
{ set_sub_flag(lexer, PIRC_SUB_FLAG_LEX); }
| ":postcomp"
{ set_sub_flag(lexer, PIRC_SUB_FLAG_POSTCOMP); }
| ":immediate"
{ set_sub_flag(lexer, PIRC_SUB_FLAG_IMMEDIATE); }
| ":multi" multi_type_list
{ set_sub_flag(lexer, PIRC_SUB_FLAG_MULTI); }
| ":outer" '(' sub_id ')'
{ set_sub_outer(lexer, $3); }
| ":method" opt_paren_string
{ set_sub_methodname(lexer, $2); }
| ":vtable" opt_paren_string
{ set_sub_vtable(lexer, $2); }
| ":subid" paren_string
{ set_sub_subid(lexer, $2); }
| ":instanceof" paren_string
{ set_sub_instanceof(lexer, $2); }
| ":nsentry" paren_string
{ set_sub_nsentry(lexer, $2); }
;
multi_type_list : '(' opt_multi_types ')'
{ set_sub_multi_types(lexer, $2); }
;
opt_multi_types : /* empty */
{
CURRENT_SUB(lexer)->info.num_multi_types = 1;
/* n=1 means :multi() -- without any types. */
}
| multi_types
{ $$ = $1; }
;
multi_types : multi_type
{
CURRENT_SUB(lexer)->info.num_multi_types = 2;
/* start counting multi types; always 1 higher than actual number
* so that n=0 means no :multi, n=1 means :multi(), n=2 means
* :multi(Type1), n=3 means :multi(Type1,Type2), etc.
*/
$$ = $1;
}
| multi_types ',' multi_type
{
++CURRENT_SUB(lexer)->info.num_multi_types;
/* link the multi types in reverse other. That's fine,
* as long as you remember that it's reversed.
*/
$3->next = $1;
$$ = $3;
}
;
multi_type : identifier
{ $$ = expr_from_ident(lexer, $1); }
| TK_STRINGC
{ $$ = expr_from_string(lexer, $1); }
| keylist
{ $$ = expr_from_key(lexer, $1); }
;
parameter_list : parameters
{ generate_parameters_instr(lexer, $1); }
;
parameters : /* empty */
{ $$ = 0; }
| parameters parameter
{
/* if the :named flag was set, there's an extra
* constant string argument for the name. count that too.
*/
if (TEST_FLAG($2->flags, TARGET_FLAG_NAMED))
$$ += 2;
else
++$$;
}
;
parameter : ".param" param param_flags newline
{ $$ = set_param_flag(lexer, $2, $3); }
;
param : type identifier
{ $$ = add_param(lexer, $1, $2); }
;
param_flags : /* empty */
{ $$ = 0; }
| param_flags param_flag
{ SET_FLAG($$, $2); }
;
param_flag : target_flag
| invocant_flag
| lookahead_flag
| unique_reg_flag
;
lookahead_flag : ":lookahead" paren_string
{
$$ = TARGET_FLAG_LOOKAHEAD;
set_param_alias(lexer, $2);
}
;
invocant_flag : ":invocant" '(' multi_type ')'
{ $$ = TARGET_FLAG_INVOCANT;
/* XXX handle multi_type */
}
;
unique_reg_flag : ":unique_reg"
{ $$ = TARGET_FLAG_UNIQUE_REG; }
;
/* Instructions */
instructions : /* empty */
| instructions instruction
{
++lexer->stmt_counter;
/* increment the logical statement counter; a statement can be
* multiple lines, but each statement has its own ID for the
* linear scan register allocator.
*/
}
;
instruction : TK_LABEL statement
{ set_label(lexer, $1); }
| statement
;
statement : parrot_stat
| conditional_stat
| goto_stat
| local_decl
| lex_decl
| const_decl_stat
| return_stat
| invocation_stat
| assignment_stat
| getresults_stat
| null_stat
| empty_stat
| location_stat
| expansion_stat
| annotation
| error_stat
;
annotation : ".annotate" TK_STRINGC ',' constant newline
{ annotate(lexer, $2, $4); }
;
/* grammar rules for macro expansion; .macro_const expansions are done in the lexer. */
expansion_stat : macro_expansion
;
macro_expansion : TK_MACRO_IDENT opt_macro_args newline
{ $$ = expand_macro(yyscanner, $1, $2); }
;
opt_macro_args : /* empty */
{ $$ = NULL; }
| '(' macro_args ')'
{ $$ = $2; }
;
macro_args : /* empty */
{ $$ = NULL; }
| macro_arg_list
;
macro_arg_list : macro_arg
{ $$ = new_macro_param($1); }
| macro_arg_list ',' macro_arg
{
macro_param *param = new_macro_param($3);
param->next = $1;
$$ = param;
}
;
macro_arg : TK_MACRO_ARG_IDENT /* identifiers are handled separately to check them */
{
symbol *sym = find_symbol(lexer, $1);
if (sym == NULL) {
yypirerror(yyscanner, lexer, "macro argument '%s' is not a "
"declared identifier", $1);
}
}
| TK_MACRO_ARG_OTHER /* all other macro argument options */
| TK_MACRO_IDENT opt_macro_args
{ $$ = expand_macro(yyscanner, $1, $2); }
| braced_arg
;
braced_arg : '{' braced_contents '}'
{ $$ = $2; }
;
braced_contents : /* empty */
{ $$ = ""; }
| braced_contents braced_item
{ /* XXX cleanup memory stuff */
char *newbuff = (char *)mem_sys_allocate((strlen($1) + strlen($2) + 2)
* sizeof (char));
sprintf(newbuff, "%s %s", $1, $2);
$$ = newbuff;
}
;
braced_item : "\n"
{ $$ = "\n"; }
| TK_MACRO_ARG_OTHER
| TK_MACRO_ARG_IDENT
| TK_MACRO_IDENT opt_macro_args
{ $$ = expand_macro(yyscanner, $1, $2); }
;
/* end of macro expansion */
/* make sure a new instruction node is created; call set_instr() for that. */
empty_stat : newline
{ set_instr(lexer, NULL); }
;
location_stat : location_directive newline
;
/* "error" is a built-in rule; used for trying to recover. */
error_stat : error newline
{
if (lexer->parse_errors > MAX_NUM_ERRORS)
panic(lexer, "Too many errors. Compilation aborted.\n");
yyerrok;
}
;
null_stat : "null" target newline
{
set_instrf(lexer, "null", "%T", $2);
get_opinfo(lexer);
}
;
getresults_stat : ".get_results" opt_target_list newline
{
generate_getresults_instr(lexer, $2);
}
;
parrot_stat : parrot_instruction newline