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appendix-a-index.txt
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appendix-a-index.txt
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% Perl 6 Tablets Appendix A - Index
This index contains an alphabetic sorted list (as decided by [**leg**](#leg-op))
of all operators, methods, builtins, options, modifier and special variables
with short explanations, cross references, code examples and Perl 5 equivalents.
It is sorted without prefixes like colon, dot, backslash,
[*sigil*](appendix-g-glossary.html#sigil) or [*twigil*](appendix-g-glossary.html#twigil)
and everything that contains punctuation comes first.
Sometimes are added green placeholder:
<span class="you-provide">n</span> stands for a [integer number](#Int-type),
<span class="you-provide">f</span> is a floating [point number](#Num-type),
<span class="you-provide">s</span> [string](#Str-type),
<span class="you-provide">var</span> any variable,
<span class="you-provide">p</span> a *[regex pattern](appendix-g-glossary.html#regex)*,
<span class="you-provide">l</span> a list,
<span class="you-provide">op</span> any operator and
<span class="you-provide">t</span> any *[term](appendix-g-glossary.html#term)*.
After each method is its signature (in round brackets), telling you
the value type (same as in placeholders) of the parameters and the return value.
Each term is followed by a link «in french brackets» to a condensed summary
listing of its category in [appendix B](appendix-b-grouped.html)
or to the according category in the tablets.
<a id="nav-top"/>
**Navigation:
[`! " #`](#exclamation) [`$ % &`](#dollar) [`' ( *`](#single-quotes)
[`+ , -`](#plus) [`. / 0`](#dot) [`: ; <`](#colon)
[`= > ?`](#equal) [`@ [ \`](#at) [`^ _ {`](#caret) [`| ~`](#pipe)**
**[A](#a) [B](#b) [C](#c) [Cn](#cn) [D](#d) [E](#e) [F](#f)
[G](#g) [H](#h) [I](#i) [J](#j) [K](#k) [L](#l) [M](#m)
[N](#n) [O](#o) [P](#p) [Pn](#pn) [Q](#q) [R](#r) [Rn](#rn)
[S](#s) [Sn](#sn)[T](#t) [U](#u) [V](#v) [W](#w) [X](#x) [Y](#y) [Z](#z)**
Punctuation
===========
<a id="exclamation"/><a id="exclamation-op"/>
<a id="exclamation-context"/><a id="negation-op"/>
**\!**
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)* —
*[prefix](#prefix-category)* logical negation ([*NOT*](appendix-g-glossary.html#not)),
forces [boolean context](appendix-g-glossary.html#bool-context),
high precedence version of [**not**](#not)
<a id="exclamation-twigil"/>
**\!**
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
[twigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#twigil) of private class and object variables
<a id="exclamation-signature"/>
**\!**
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
suffix for a required parameter in signatures, thats default if it's a named
parameter, not is it's a positional
<a id="exclamation-metaop"/>
**\!**<span class="you-provide">op</span>
*[«meta op»](appendix-g-glossary.html#metaoperators)* —
negates (mostly [comparison operators](tablet-4-operators.html#comparison))
<a id="exclamation-var"/>
**\$\!**
*[«special var»](appendix-b-grouped.html#special-variables)* —
last error message
<a id="exclamation-assertion"/>
**!**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
a leading **!** in a subrule a negative zero-width assertion like
[**<!after ...>*](#after-negative-subrule), opposite of [**?**](#question-assertion)
<a id="exclamation-subrule"/>
**\<\!\>**
*[«predefined subrule»](appendix-b-grouped.html#subrules)* —
opposite of [**\<?\>**](#question-subrule), returns always **[False](#False)**
<a id="exclamation-exclamation"/>
**!!** *[«conditional op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#conditionals)* —
just second part of the ternary (conditional) operator after
**[??](#ternary-op)**, no op on its own
<a id="exclamation-exclamation-exclamation"/><a id="exclamation-yadda"/>
**!!!** *[«yadda op»](tablet-4-operators.html#yadda)* —
[yadda operator](appendix-g-glossary.html#yadda-operator)
that calls **[die](#die)**
<a id="double-quotes"/><a id="quotation-quotation"/>
**[" "](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#double-quotes)**
*[«quoting op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quoting-ops)* —
double quoting, interpolates with
[**:s**](#s-adverb), [**:a**](#a-adverb), [**:h**](#h-adverb),
[**:f**](#f-adverb), [**:c**](#c-adverb), [**:b**](#b-adverb)
(all vars, functions, blocks, control chars),
alias to [**qq/.../**](#qq-op) or **Q** [**:qq**](#qq-adverb) **/.../**
<a id="pound"/>
**[\#](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#single-line)** —
starts a comment that continues to the end of the line,
works even inside regexes as a
*[regex metachar](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)*
<a id="pound-equal"/>
**[\#=](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#pod)** —
starts comments to the lineending like **\#**, just makes
documenting comments that end up in
*[&routine.WHY.content](#WHY-introspection)* on the
following *[routine](appendix-g-glossary.html#routine)*
<a id="pound-apostrophe"/>
**[\#\`( )](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#multi-line)** —
starts a multi-line comment that continues to the closing
bracket, works with any combination of bracket pairs
<a id="dollar"/> <a id="dollar-sigil"/>
**[\$](tablet-3-variables.html#scalar)**
*[«sigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#sigils)* —
[prefix](#prefix-category) of [scalar
variables](tablet-3-variables#scalar)
<a id="dollar-op"/>
**$**()
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)* —
forces [scalar context](appendix-g-glossary.html#scalar-context),
alias to the **[item()](#item)** function
<a id="dollar-metachar"/>
**$**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
end of the string
<a id="dollar-dollar-metachar"/>
**$$**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
matches the end of a line (no more multile mode)
# [%](#nav-top)
<a id="percent-sigil"/>
**%**
*[«sigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#sigils)* —
[prefix](#prefix-category) of [hash variables](tablet-3-variables#hash)
<a id="percent-op"/>
**%**
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
gives remainder of a modulo division,
forces [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
<a id="percent-context-op"/>
**%**()
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)* —
forces [hash context](appendix-g-glossary.html#hash-context),
alias to the **[hash()](#hash)** function
<a id="percent-metachar"/>
**%**<span class="you-provide">s</span>
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quantifier)* —
quantifier that repeat char or group as long as separated by
right expression — example: `\d % ','` matches `1,2,3,4,5` —
see also: **[%%](#percent-percent-metachar)**
<a id="percent-percent-op"/>
**%%**
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
**[True](#True)** if the left value is evenly
divisible by the right value
<a id="percent-percent-metachar"/>
**%%**<span class="you-provide">s</span>
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quantifier)* —
quantifier that repeat char or group as long as separated by
right expression (like %), but allows trailing separator —
example: `\d %% ','` matches `1,2,3,4,5,`
<a id="ampersand"/><a id="ampersand-sigil"/>
**[&](tablet-3-variables#callable)**
*[«sigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#sigils)* —
*[sigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#sigil)* of
[callables](tablet-3-variables#callable)
like [subs](#sub), [methods](#method)
and other [blocks](appendix-g-glossary.html#block)
<a id="ampersand-context"/>
**&**()
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)* —
forces [callable](tablet-3-variables#callable)
context, alias to **[code()](#code-context)**
<a id="ampersand-op"/><a id="junctive-and"/>
**&**
*[«junctive op»](tablet-4-operators.html#junctions)* —
*[junctive](appendix-g-glossary.html#junction)* *[AND](appendix-g-glossary.html#and)*,
requires that all conditions are met, see also: **[all](#all)**
<a id="ampersand-metachar"/>
**&**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
match multiple patterns (*[AND](appendix-g-glossary.html#and)*-connection of patterns)
<a id="ampersand-ampersand-op"/><a id="logical-and"/>
**&&**
*[«logical op»](tablet-4-operators.html#logical-selection)* —
*[infix](#infix-category)* short circuit logical *[AND](appendix-g-glossary.html#and)*,
[evaluates](appendix-g-glossary.html#evaluation) sequentially left to right
its operands until one is [**False**](#False) in
[*boolean context*](appendix-g-glossary.html#boolean-context), if one was **False**
the result in [boolean context](appendix-g-glossary.html#bool-context) is **False**,
otherwise the last evaluated operand,
low precedence alias is [**and**](#logical-and) —
example: `0 and 7` returns `0` —
see also: **[&](#junctive-and)**
<a id="single-quotes"/>
**[' '](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#single-quotes)**
*[«quoting op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quoting-ops)* —
simple quoting, just / and ' must be escaped, alias to
**[q/.../](#q-op)** or **Q :q/.../**
<a id="round-brackets"/>
**( )** —
grouping of values (parameters) to a **[Parcel](#Parcel-type)**
<a id="round-brackets-metachar"/>
**( )**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
encompass a *subregex*, results (*submatches*) land in
[**@()**](#round-brackets-var) or [**\$0**](#0-var)... (not limited to $9 anymore) —
see also: [\[ \]](#square-brackets-metachar)
<a id="round-brackets-var"/>
**@( )**
*[«special var»](appendix-b-grouped.html#match-variables)* —
holds positional submatches, **`$()[n]`** is alias to
[**`$/[n]`**](#slash-var) and [**`$n`**](#0-var)
<a id="asterisk"/><a id="asterisk-term"/>
**\***
*«term»* —
synonym for **[Whatever](#Whatever)**, for example, means **[Inf](#Inf)**
in a [range operator](#range-op) (**..**), means the
end of an array in a slice operator so that negative indices access
array elements relative to one beyond the final element
<a id="asterisk-op"/>
**\***
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
infix multiplication,
forces [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
<a id="asterisk-signature"/>
**\***
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
[prefix](#prefix-category) which indicates
[*slurpy arrays*](#slurpy-array) in signatures
<a id="asterisk-twigil"/>
**\***
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
*[twigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#twigil)* of global variables that
are accessible in all *[scopes](appendix-g-glossary.html#scope)*
<a id="asterisk-metachar"/>
**\***
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quantifier)* —
quantifier for zero or more findings
<a id="asterisk-asterisk-op"/><a id="power-op"/>
**\*\***
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
raises a number to a power,
forces [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context) —
example: `2 ** 3` is 8 because its `2 * 2 * 2` —
alias to **[exp](#exp)**
<a id="asterisk-asterisk-metachar"/>
**\*\***
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quantifier)* —
not backtracking, greedy quantifier taking zero or more findings
<a id="asterisk-asterisk-number-metachar"/>
**\*\***<span class="you-provide">n</span>
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quantifier)* —
quantifier for explicit repeat char or group, like
**[x](#x-op)** *(string op)* does outside of a regex —
example: `(ha)**3` only matches `'hahaha'`
<a id="asterisk-asterisk-question-metachar"/>
**\*\*?**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quantifier)* —
quantifier for minimal matching, just as much to fulfill with the pattern —
example: ``
# [+](#nav-top)
<a id="plus"/><a id="plus-op"/><a id="plus-context"/>
**+**
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)*
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
[infix](#infix-category) addition operator,
forces [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
on both operands, so it does if its used only as [*prefix*](#prefix-category),
opposite of [**-**](#minus-op)
<a id="plus-metachar"/>
**+**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quantifier)* —
quantifier for one or more findings
<a id="plus-ampersand-op"/><a id="numeric-and"/>
**+&**
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
bitwise *[AND](appendix-g-glossary.html#and)*,
forces [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
<a id="plus-plus-op"/><a id="auto-increment"/>
**++**
*[«sequence traversal»](tablet-4-operators.html#traversing-sequence)* —
generic autoincrement, changes this value to its next neighbour in its ordered set,
can be used as [prefix](#prefix_category) (take effect before
[evaluating](appendix-g-glossary.html#evaluation) the surrounding term)
or [suffix](#suffix_category) (incrementing afterwards),
alias to **[succ](#succ)**, opposite of **[--](#auto-decrement)**
<a id="plus-lower-op"/>
**+<**
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
shift left in [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
<a id="plus-greater-op"/>
**+\>**
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
shift right in [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
<a id="plus-caret-op"/><a id="numeric-xor"/>
**+\^**
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
[infix](#infix-category) bitwise *[XOR](appendix-g-glossary.html#xor)*,
that looks at ot operands in [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
<a id="plus-pipe-op"/><a id="numeric-or"/>
**+|**
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
[infix](#infix-category) bitwise *[OR](appendix-g-glossary.html#or)*,
forces [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
<a id="comma"/><a id="comma-op"/>
**[,](tablet-3-variables#array)**
[«list op»](tablet-4-operators.html#list-generation) —
[list](tablet-3-variables#array)-generating operator
<a id="minus"/><a id="minus-op"/>
**-**
*[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)* —
[infix](#infix-category) subtraction operator,
forces [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context) on both operands
and does so (and negates) if used only as [*prefix*](#prefix-category),
opposite of [**+**](#plus-op)
<a id="minus-minus-op"/><a id="auto-decrement"/>
**--**
*[«sequence traversal»](tablet-4-operators.html#traversing-sequence)* —
generic autodecrement, changes this value to its previous neighbour in its ordered set,
can be used as [prefix](#prefix_category) (take effect before
[evaluating](appendix-g-glossary.html#evaluation) the surrounding term)
or [suffix](#suffix_category) (incrementing afterwards),
alias to **[pred](#pred)**, opposite of **[++](#<a id="auto-increment"/>)**
<a id="minus-minus-greater-signature"/>
**--\>**
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
declares the type of the return value of a
*[routine](appendix-g-glossary#routine)*, type name is placed after
this arrow at the end of a signature
<a id="minus-greater-signature"/>
**-\>**
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
declares named parameters for a *[block](appendix-g-glossary.html#block)*
(pointy block)
<a id="dot"/><a id="dot-twigil"/>
**.**
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
*[twigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#twigil)* of public accessors
(getter/setter methods)
<a id="dot-metachar"/>
**.**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
matches one character, any character
(including a [**\\n**](#backslash-n) - unlike in Perl 5)
<a id="dot-subrule"/>
\<**.**<span class="you-provide">s</span>\> —
prefix for a *[subrule](appendix-g-glossary.html#subrule)*
that doesn't capture (matches will not be remembered)
<a id="dot-dot"/><a id="dot-dot-op"/><a id="range-op"/>
**..**
*[«ranges»](tablet-4-operators.html#ranges)*,
*[«list op»](tablet-4-operators.html#list-generation)* —
[infix](#infix-category) range generating operator,
produces a **[Range](#Range-type)** object in
[item context](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)
which generate lists in [list context](appendix-g-glossary.html#list-context)
<a id="dot-dot-dot"/><a id="dot-dot-dot-op"/><a id="sequence-op"/>
**[...](tablet-4-operators.html#sequence-operator)**
*[«list op»](tablet-4-operators.html#list-generation)* —
*[infix](#infix-category)* [sequence](appendix-g-glossary.html#sequance) generating operator,
can figure from example number out if a series is arithmetic (give 2)
or geometric (give 3), can produce a sequence with a generator routine —
example: `@a = 1, 2, 4 ...` infite lazy list of all powers of two,
`1, 1, *+*, ... 1000` returns fibonacci numbers lower equal then 1000
<a id="dot-yadda"/>
**...**
*[«yadda op»](tablet-4-operators.html#yadda)* —
[yadda operator](appendix-g-glossary.html#yadda-operator) that calls
**[fail](#fail)** (exception),
marks unimplemented empty *[routine](appendix-g-glossary.html#routine)*
bodies
<a id="slash-op"/>
**/** *[«numeric op»](tablet-4-operators.html#numeric-context)*
infix division,
forces [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context)
<a id="slash-composer"/>
**/** *[«rat composer»](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#rational-number)*
inside round brackets (for example `(3/7)`), gives you a
[rational number](#Rat-type) that keeps track of its numerator and denominator
<a id="slash-var"/><a id="match-var"/><a id="match-object"/>
**$/**
*[«special var»](appendix-b-grouped.html#match-variables)* —
last created match object of this [*block*](appendix-g-glossary.html#block)
with the [following methods](appendix-b-grouped.html#match-object-methods)
<a id="slash-slash-op"/><a id="defined-or"/>
**//**
*[«logical op»](tablet-4-operators.html#logical-selection)* —
short circuit *defined or*, returns the first defined value
(from left to right), similar to **[||](#pipe-pipe-op)** —
high precedence version of **[err](#err)**
# [0](#nav-top)
<a id="backslash-0"/><a id="backslash-zero"/>
**\\0**<span class="you-provide">s</span>**\[**<span class="you-provide">n</span>**]**
*[«escape sequence»](appendix-b-grouped.html#escape-sequences)* —
character given in octal, decimal or hex (when <span class="you-provide">s</span>
is 'o', 'd' or 'x'), brackets are optional, first number has to be inside
okt/dec/hex range, alternate syntax without the zero is preferred
<a id="0-var"/><a id="zero-var"/><a id="number-var"/>
**$0**
*[«special var»](appendix-b-grouped.html#match-variables)* —
first positional submatch, there is **`$1`**, **`$2`**, ... too
(don't stops at **`$9`** like Perl 5), alias to
[**`$()[0]`**](#round-brackets-var) and
[**`$/[0]`**](#slash-var), Perl 5: *\$0* is
[**\$\*EXECUTABLE\_NAME**](#EXECUTABLE-NAME-global-var)
<a id="colon"/><a id="colon-adverb"/>
**:**<span class="you-provide">s</span>(<span class="you-provide">s</span>) —
*[pair](#Pair-type)* generation operator,
also known as *adverbial* syntax —
example: *`$pair = :key('value')`*
<a id="colon-test"/>
**:**
*[«io test method»](appendix-b-grouped.html#test-methods)* —
start of all test methods
(r w x o R W X O e z s f d l p S b c t u g k T B M A C)
in the adverbial form —
example: *`$filename.IO ~~ :X`*
<a id="colon-twigil"/>
**:**
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
*[twigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#twigil)* of autogenerated named
parameters of a *[block](appendix-g-glossary.html#block)*
<a id="colon-numeric"/>
**:**<span class="you-provide">N</span>\<<span class="you-provide">n</span>\> —
[general radix form](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#general-radix-form)
for literals, makes a number <span class="you-provide">n</span> in base
<span class="you-provide">N</span> (up to 36) —
example: `:2<1000001>` is decimal 65
<a id="colon-label"/>
**:**<span class="you-provide">s</span> *«flow control»* —
suffix of all labels you can jump to with **[goto](#goto)**
<a id="colon-signature"/>
**:**
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
prefix of a *[named parameter](appendix-g-glossary.html#named-parameter)* in
a signature, they are positional when without colon
<a id="colon-colon-sigil"/>
**::**
*[«sigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#sigils)* —
abstraction [sigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#sigil) and namespace
separator in variable / [routine](appendix-g-glossary.html#routine) /
namespace names (like in Perl 5)
<a id="colon-colon-signature"/>
**::**
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
introducing a type variable in a signature
<a id="colon-colon-equal-op"/><a id="compiletime-binding-op"/>
**[::=](tablet-3-variables#binding)** —
[binds](tablet-3-variables#binding)
a value or variable to a variable at compile time
<a id="colon-equal-op"/><a id="runtime-binding-op"/>
**[:=](tablet-3-variables#binding)** —
creates an alias to a variable at runtime
(*[binding](tablet-3-variables#binding)*)
<a id="semicolon"/><a id="semicolon-terminator"/>
**[;](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#statements)**
*«terminator»* —
separates [statements](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#statements)
(commands) or [array indices](tablet-3-variables#array-slices) —
example: `@[2;3]` instead of `@a[2][3]`
<a id="lower-op"/>
**\<**
*[«num comparison»](tablet-4-operators.html#numerical-comparison)* —
[infix](#infix-category) op, less than,
**[True](#True)** if numerically ordered the left
comes before the right operand
<a id="lower-minus-greater-signature"/>
**<-\>**
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
double pointy syntax to assign a rw parameter to a
*[block](appendix-g-glossary.html#block)*
<a id="lower-lower-metaop"/><a id="left-hyperop"/>
**\<\<**
*[«meta op»](appendix-g-glossary.html#metaoperators)* —
hyper metaopeartor, right side dicates the lengths of the result,
has a [unicode sibling](appendix-b-grouped.html#unicode-operators) —
example: `2 <<+=<< @b` increments numeric value of every array element by 2
<a id="lower-lower-equal-equal-op"/>
**\<\<==**
*[«sequencer op»](tablet-4-operators.html#feed-ops)* —
leftward pointing feed operator that adds values to an existing list (append-mode) —
see also: [*\<==*](#lower-lower-equal-op) and [*==\>\>*](#equal-equal-greater-greater-op)
<a id="double-angle-brackets"/><a id="double-angle-brackets-op"/>
<a id="texas-brackets"/><a id="texas-brackets-op"/>
<a id="french-brackets"/><a id="french-brackets-op"/>
**[\<\< \>\>](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#quote-words)**
*[«quoting op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quoting-ops)* —
[circumfix](#circumfix-category) quoting operator to autoquote of words and return
them as a list, with [quote protection](appendix-g-glossary.html#quote-protection)
and [evaluation](appendix-g-glossary.html#evaluation) of variables,
alias to: **Q** **[:qq](#qq-adverb)** **[:ww](#ww-adverb)** **/.../**
or `« »` ([unicode](appendix-g-glossary.html#unicode) alias) —
see also: [**\< \>**](#angle-brackets-op)
<a id="lower-equal-op"/>
**\<=**
*[«num comparison»](tablet-4-operators.html#numerical-comparison)* —
less than or equal, numeric comparison operator —
see also: [**<**](#lower-op) and [**\>=**](#greater-equal-op)
<a id="lower-equal-equal-op"/><a id="left-pipe-op"/>
**\<==**
*[«sequencer op»](tablet-4-operators.html#feed-ops)* —
leftward pointing feed operator, take return value of right side
and feed as parameter to the left —
see also: **[==\>](#equal-equal-greater-op)**
<a id="lower-equal-greater-op"/><a id="spaceship-op"/>
**\<=\>**
*[«num comparison»](tablet-4-operators.html#numerical-comparison)* —
numeric, *[infix](#infix-category)* less-equal-greater comparison for sortable classes,
so called "spaceship operator", does a **[cmp](#cmp)** of the into
[numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context) converted values of both sides,
as **[leg](#leg)** does in *[string](#Str-type)* context —
example: `3 <=> 4` returns `-1`, `3 <=> 3` returns `0`, `4 <=> 3` returns `1`
<a id="angle-brackets"/><a id="angle-brackets-op"/>
**[\< \>](tablet-2-basic-syntax.html#quote-words)**
*[«quoting op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quoting-ops)* —
[circumfix](#circumfix-category) quoting operator that autoquotes words
and returns them as a list,
without [quote protection](appendix-g-glossary.html#quote-protection) and
evaluation of variables like [\<\< \>\>](#double-angle-brackets),
alias to **[qw/.../](#qw-op)** or
**[Q](#Q-op)** **:q** **[:ww](#ww-adverb)** **/.../**
<a id="angle-brackets-twigil"/><a id="angle-brackets-var"/>
**\< \>**
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
[circumfix](#circumfix-category)
*[twigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#twigil)* of named captures, **`$<...>`**
is alias to [**`$/<...>`**](#match-var), in Perl 5: *$&* and *$MATCH*
<a id="angle-brackets-metachar"/>
**\< \>**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
embraces an subrule (assertion),
if it doesn't start wit a **.**, **?** or **!** findings will stored under the
name of the subrule as [*named capures*](appendix-g-glossary.html#named-capure)
into [`$/<name>`](#match-var) and [`$<name>`](#angle-brackets-var)
# [=](#nav-top)
<a id="equal"/><a id="equal-op"/>
**[=](tablet-3-variables#assignment)**
*«Op»* —
[assignment](tablet-3-variables#assignment),
right side is [evaluated](appendix-g-glossary.html#evaluation) and assigned
to the left
<a id="equal-twigil"/>
**=**
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
[POD](appendix-g-glossary.html#POD) variable, mapped content from POD
sections of this file —
examples:
[**`$=pod`**](#pod-pod-var) and
[**`$=data`**](#data-pod-var)
<a id="equal-metaop"/>
<span class="you-provide">op</span>**=**
*[«meta op»](appendix-g-glossary.html#metaoperators)* —
self assignment, left side is one operand and place where the
result is assigned to —
example: `$a += 3;` equals `$a = $a + 3`
<a id="equal-colon-equal-op"/>
**=:=** *«comparison op»* —
compares [binding](tablet-3-variables#binding),
if both vars are bound to same memory location
<a id="equal-equal-op"/>
**==**
*[«num comparison»](tablet-4-operators.html#numerical-comparison)* —
**[True](#True)** if values are equal in [numeric context](appendix-g-glossary.html#numeric-context),
as **[eq](#eq)** does in *[string context](tablet-4-operators.html#string-context)*
<a id="equal-equal-equal"/><a id="equal-equal-equal-op"/><a id="identity-op"/>
**===** *«comparison op»* —
*[infix](#infix-category)* check for identity - equality of
value and [type](appendix-b-grouped.html#value-types)
<a id="equal-equal-greater-op"/><a id="pipe-right"/>
**==\>**
*[«sequencer op»](tablet-4-operators.html#feed-ops)* —
rightward pointing feed operator, take return value of left side
and feed as parameter to the right —
see also: [*\<==*](#lower-equal-equal-op) and [*==\>\>*](#equal-equal-greater-greater-op)
<a id="equal-equal-greater-greater-op"/>
**==\>\>**
*[«sequencer op»](tablet-4-operators.html#feed-ops)* —
rightward pointing feed operator that adds values to an existing list (append-mode) —
see also: [*==\>*](#equal-equal-greater-op) and [*\<\<==*](#lower-lower-equal-equal-op)
<a id="equal-greater-op"/><a id="fat-arrow"/>
**=\>**
*«op»* —
**[Pair](#Pair-type)** (and Hash) constructor called *fat arrow* —
example: `$pair = 'key' => 'value';` —
alternative to the *[adverbial syntax](#colon-adverb)*
<a id="greater-op"/>
**\>**
*[«num comparison»](tablet-4-operators.html#numerical-comparison)* —
*[infix](#infix-category)* op, numeric greater than
<a id="greater-equal-op"/>
**\>=** *[«num comparison»](tablet-4-operators.html#numerical-comparison)*
*[infix](#infix-category)* comparison op, numeric greater than or equal
<a id="greater-greater-metaop"/><a id="right-hyperop"/>
**\>\>**
*[«meta op»](appendix-g-glossary.html#metaoperators)* —
hyper metaopeartor, left side dicates the lengths of the result,
has a [unicode sibling](appendix-b-grouped.html#unicode-operators) —
example: `@a >>++` increments numeric value of every array element
# [?](#nav-top)
<a id="question"/><a id="question-op"/><a id="question-context"/>
**[?](tablet-4-operators.html#logical-selection)**
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)* —
forces *[boolean context](tablet-4-operators.html#bool-context)*
in an expression, returns **[False](#False)** when
value is 0 or empty, otherwise **[True](#True)**,
high precedence version of **[so](#so)**
<a id="question-signature"/>
**?**
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
suffix for optional named parameters in signatures
<a id="question-metachar"/>
**?**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#quantifier)* —
quantifier for 0 or 1 occurrence in Regexes
<a id="question-twigil"/>
**?**
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
*[twigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#twigil)* (secondary sigil) for
constant compiler hint variables
<a id="question-assertion"/>
**?**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
a leading **?** in a [*subrule*](appendix-g-glossary.html#subrule) indicates
a positive zero-width assertion like
[**<?before ...>*](#before-subrule), opposite of [**!**](#exclamation-assertion)
<a id="question-subrule"/>
**\<?\>**
*[«predefined subrule»](appendix-b-grouped.html#subrules)* —
matches nothing, returns always **[True](#True)**,
opposite of [**\<!\>**](#exclamation-subrule)
<a id="question-ampersand-op"/><a id="boolean-and"/>
**?&**
*[«bool op»](tablet-4-operators.html#bool-context)* —
logical *[AND](appendix-g-glossary.html#and)* op,
forces [boolean context](appendix-g-glossary.html#bool-context)
<a id="question-question"/><a id="question-question-exclamation-exclamation"/>
<a id="conditional-op"/><a id="ternary-op"/>
**?? !!**
*[«conditional»](appendix-b-grouped.html#conditionals)* —
ternary or conditional operator,
shortcut for **[if](#if)** and
**[else](#else)** —
see also: [**||**](#logical-or), [**ff**](#ff), [**fff**](#fff)
<a id="question-question-question"/><a id="question-question-question-op"/>
<a id="question-yadda"/>
**???**
*[«yadda op»](tablet-4-operators.html#yadda)* —
[yadda operator](appendix-g-glossary.html#yadda-operator)
that calls **[warn](#warn)**
<a id="question-caret-op"/><a id="boolean-xor"/>
**?\^**
*[«bool op»](tablet-4-operators.html#bool-context)* —
logical *[infix](#infix-category)* *[XOR](appendix-g-glossary.html#xor)*,
forces operands into [boolean context](appendix-g-glossary.html#bool-context)
<a id="question-pipe-op"/><a id="boolean-or"/>
**?|**
*[«bool op»](tablet-4-operators.html#bool-context)* —
*[infix](#infix-category)* logical *[OR](appendix-g-glossary.html#or)*,
forces operands into [boolean context](appendix-g-glossary.html#bool-context)
<a id="at"/><a id="at-sigil"/>
**@**
*[«sigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#sigils)* —
[sigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#sigil) of an [array](tablet-3-variables#array)
<a id="at-op"/><a id="at-context"/><a id="array-context-op"/>
**@**()
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)* —
forces (flattened) [array context](appendix-g-glossary.html#array-context),
alias to **[list()](#list)** function
<a id="postcircumfix-square-brackets-op"/><a id="slice-op"/>
<span class="you-provide">var</span>**\[ \]** —
[postcircumfix](#postcircumfix-category) operator,
appended on an array var, returns an array slice with values which
indexes was inside the brackets
<a id="square-brackets-op"/><a id="array-ref"/>
**[**<span class="you-provide">l</span>**]** — [circumfix](#circumfix-category) operator
that creates a reference to an array that holds all values that
encompas these brackets
<a id="square-brackets-metachar"/>
**[**<span class="you-provide">p</span>**]**
*[«regex metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
encompass a *subregex*, results will not be remembered like with
[**( )**](#round-brackets-metachar)
<a id="square-brackets-metaop"/><a id="reduce-op"/>
**\[**<span class="you-provide">op</span>**\]**
*[«meta op»](appendix-g-glossary.html#metaoperators)* —
[circumfix](#circumfix-category) reduction
metaop, applies the operator between all elements of an array,
alias to [**reduce**](#reduce)
<a id="square-brackets-backslash-metaop"/><a id="triangle-op"/>
**\[\\**<span class="you-provide">op</span>**\]**
*[«meta op»](appendix-g-glossary.html#metaoperators)* —
[circumfix](#circumfix-category) reduction
metaop, applies above reduction to a series of lists made of array
slices ranging in length from 1 to the complete length of the
original list, alias to **[triangle](#triangle)**
<a id="backslash"/><a id="backslash-op"/>
**\\** —
[capture generator](tablet-3-variables#capture),
creates a *[capture](appendix-g-glossary.html#capture)*
that holds the following structure
<a id="backslash-metachar"/><a id="escape-char"/>
**\\** *«escape char»* —
all escape sequences with a width
inside [quotes](appendix-b-grouped.html#control-chars)
and [regexes](appendix-b-grouped.html#escape-sequences) start with it
# [\^](#nav-top)
<a id="caret"/><a id="caret-op"/><a id="junctive-xor"/>
**\^**
*[«junctive op»](tablet-4-operators.html#junctions)* —
*[junctive](appendix-g-glossary.html#junction)* *[infix](#infix-category)*
*[XOR](appendix-g-glossary.html#xor)*,
requires that one value in a list is **[True](#True)** —
see also **[one](#one)**
<a id="caret-upto"/>
**\^** — upto operator, `^$limit` expands to `0 ..^ +$limit` [range](#range-op)
<a id="caret-range"/>
**\^**
*[«ranges»](tablet-4-operators.html#ranges)* —
in [range](#range-op) definitions,
it excludes a limit value in [scalar context](appendix-g-glossary.html#scalar-context) —
see also: [~~]()
<a id="caret-twigil"/>
**\^**
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
autogenerated positional parameters of a
*[block](appendix-g-glossary.html#block)*, position results from
alphabetical order of all $\^-Variables
<a id="caret-signature"/>
**\^**
*[«signature symbol»](appendix-b-grouped.html#signature-symbols)* —
prefix of metaclass methods, `$obj.^methods();` is shortcut for
[`$obj.HOW.methods($obj);`](#HOW-introspection)
<a id="caret-metachar"/>
**\^**
*[«regex Metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
start of the string
<a id="caret-caret-op"/><a id="logical-xor"/>
**\^\^**
*[«logical op»](tablet-4-operators.html#logical-selection)* —
[infix](#infix-category) logical ([*XOR*](appendix-g-glossary.html#xor)) operator
that operates with into [*bool context*](appendix-g-glossary.html#bool-context)
converted values of both operands without changing their content,
in *bool context* it returns [**True**](#True) or **False** as expected,
in any other context it returns the first none empty value,
the second when both are empty and [**Nil**](#Nil-type) when both are not empty,
[high precedence](appendix-b-grouped.html#table-of-precedence) version of [**xor**](#xor) —
example: `('dang' ^^ '')` returns `'dang'`
<a id="doule-caret-metachar"/>
**\^\^**
*[«regex Metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
start of a line
<a id="context-var"/><a id="underscore-var"/>
**$\_**
*[«special var»](appendix-b-grouped.html#special-variables)* —
context var, result of the last command, can set by topicalizers
(**[given](#given)** and **[for](#for)**)
<a id="curly brackets"/>
**{}**
«terminator» —
[circumfix](#circumfix-category) operator,
encloses blocks and creates a *[coderef](appendix-g-glossary.html#coderef)*,
or a hashref when it is identified as a hash or contains a **[=\>](#fat-arrow)**
<a id="pipe"/><a id="pipe-op"/><a id="junctive-or"/>
**|**
*[«junctive op»](tablet-4-operators.html#junctions)* —
*[junctive](appendix-g-glossary.html#junction)* *[OR](appendix-g-glossary.html#or)*,
requires that a condition is fulfilled —
see also: **[any](#any)**
<a id="pipe-metachar"/>
**|**
*[«regex Metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
match alternate patterns with longest token matching
(*[OR](appendix-g-glossary.html#or)* - temporal simultaneous connection of patterns)
<a id="pipe-context"/>
**|**()
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)* —
flatten [capture](tablet-3-variables#capture)
object into arglist, (named parameter)
<a id="pipe-pipe-op"/><a id="logical-or"/>
**||**
*[«logical op»](tablet-4-operators.html#logical-selection)* —
*[infix](#infix-category)* short circuit logical *[OR](appendix-g-glossary.html#or)*,
[evaluates](appendix-g-glossary.html#evaluation) sequentially left to right
its operands until one is [**True**](#True) in
[*bool context*](appendix-g-glossary.html#bool-context),
if there is one then the result is **True** in bool context,
otherwise the first *True* value is returned or the last one,
high precedence version of **[or](#or)** —
example: `(3 || 5)` returns `3` —
see also: [**|**](#junctive-or), [**?? !!**](#ternary-op)
<a id="pipe-pipe-metachar"/>
**||**
*[«regex Metachar»](appendix-b-grouped.html#regex-metacharacter)* —
match alternate patterns (temporal consequent alternatives) as
connected with a logical *[OR](appendix-g-glossary.html#or)*
<a id="pipe-pipe-context"/>
**||**()
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)* —
flatten [capture](tablet-3-variables#capture)
object into semicolon list, (positional parameter)
<a id="tilde"/><a id="tilde-op"/><a id="tilde-context"/>
**[\~](tablet-4-operators.html#string-context)**
*[«context op»](appendix-b-grouped.html#contextualizers)*,
*[«string op»](tablet-4-operators.html#string-context)*,
forces *[string context](appendix-g-glossary.html#string-context)*
on its operands (stringifies),
if *[infix](#infix-category)* its concatenate strings -
an alias for **[cat](#cat)**
<a id="tilde-twigil"/>
**\~**
*[«twigil»](appendix-b-grouped.html#twigils)* —
*[twigil](appendix-g-glossary.html#twigil)* for a
[grammar](#grammar) of a sublanguage like
**[$\~MAIN](#MAIN-slang-var)**
<a id="tilde-ampersand-op"/><a id="string-and"/>
**\~&** *[«string op»](tablet-4-operators.html#string-context)* —
characterwise *[AND](appendix-g-glossary.html#and)*,
forces *[string context](appendix-g-glossary.html#string-context)*
<a id="tilde-lower-op"/>
**\~<** *[«string op»](tablet-4-operators.html#string-context)* —
characterwise left shift,
forces *[string context](appendix-g-glossary.html#string-context)*
<a id="tilde-greater-op"/>
**\~\>** *[«string op»](tablet-4-operators.html#string-context)* —
characterwise right shift,
forces *[string context](appendix-g-glossary.html#string-context)*
<a id="tilde-caret-op"/><a id="string-xor"/>
**\~\^** *[«string op»](tablet-4-operators.html#string-context)* —
characterwise *[XOR](appendix-g-glossary.html#xor)*,
forces *[string context](appendix-g-glossary.html#string-context)*
<a id="tilde-pipe-op"/><a id="string-or"/>
**\~|** *[«string op»](tablet-4-operators.html#string-context)* —
characterwise *[OR](appendix-g-glossary.html#or)*,
forces *[string context](appendix-g-glossary.html#string-context)*
<a id="tilde-tilde-op"/><a id="smartmatch-op"/>
**[\~\~](tablet-4-operators.html#smartmatch)**
*«comparison op»* —
[*infix*](#infix-category) [*smartmatch*](appendix-g-glossary.html#smartmatch) operator,
compares (almost) all variable and data types according a
[table](appendix-b-grouped.html#smartmatch)
# [A](#nav-top)