/
common.inc
4131 lines (3781 loc) · 140 KB
/
common.inc
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<?php
/**
* @file
* Common functions that many Drupal modules will need to reference.
*
* The functions that are critical and need to be available even when serving
* a cached page are instead located in bootstrap.inc.
*/
/**
* Return status for saving which involved creating a new item.
*/
define('SAVED_NEW', 1);
/**
* Return status for saving which involved an update to an existing item.
*/
define('SAVED_UPDATED', 2);
/**
* Return status for saving which deleted an existing item.
*/
define('SAVED_DELETED', 3);
/**
* Create E_DEPRECATED constant for older PHP versions (<5.3).
*/
if (!defined('E_DEPRECATED')) {
define('E_DEPRECATED', 8192);
}
/**
* Error code indicating that the request made by drupal_http_request() exceeded
* the specified timeout.
*/
define('HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT', -1);
/**
* Set content for a specified region.
*
* @param $region
* Page region the content is assigned to.
* @param $data
* Content to be set.
*/
function drupal_set_content($region = NULL, $data = NULL) {
static $content = array();
if (!is_null($region) && !is_null($data)) {
$content[$region][] = $data;
}
return $content;
}
/**
* Get assigned content.
*
* @param $region
* A specified region to fetch content for. If NULL, all regions will be
* returned.
* @param $delimiter
* Content to be inserted between imploded array elements.
*/
function drupal_get_content($region = NULL, $delimiter = ' ') {
$content = drupal_set_content();
if (isset($region)) {
if (isset($content[$region]) && is_array($content[$region])) {
return implode($delimiter, $content[$region]);
}
}
else {
foreach (array_keys($content) as $region) {
if (is_array($content[$region])) {
$content[$region] = implode($delimiter, $content[$region]);
}
}
return $content;
}
}
/**
* Set the breadcrumb trail for the current page.
*
* @param $breadcrumb
* Array of links, starting with "home" and proceeding up to but not including
* the current page.
*/
function drupal_set_breadcrumb($breadcrumb = NULL) {
static $stored_breadcrumb;
if (!is_null($breadcrumb)) {
$stored_breadcrumb = $breadcrumb;
}
return $stored_breadcrumb;
}
/**
* Get the breadcrumb trail for the current page.
*/
function drupal_get_breadcrumb() {
$breadcrumb = drupal_set_breadcrumb();
if (is_null($breadcrumb)) {
$breadcrumb = menu_get_active_breadcrumb();
}
return $breadcrumb;
}
/**
* Add output to the head tag of the HTML page.
*
* This function can be called as long the headers aren't sent.
*/
function drupal_set_html_head($data = NULL) {
static $stored_head = '';
if (!is_null($data)) {
$stored_head .= $data ."\n";
}
return $stored_head;
}
/**
* Retrieve output to be displayed in the head tag of the HTML page.
*/
function drupal_get_html_head() {
$output = "<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n";
return $output . drupal_set_html_head();
}
/**
* Reset the static variable which holds the aliases mapped for this request.
*/
function drupal_clear_path_cache() {
drupal_lookup_path('wipe');
}
/*
* The function drupal_set_header() has been moved to includes/bootstrap.inc in Pressflow.
*/
/**
* Get the HTTP response headers for the current page.
*
* This function is not called by Pressflow and remains here
* only for Drupal 5/6 API compatibility.
*/
function drupal_get_headers() {
$headers = drupal_set_header();
$header_text = array();
foreach ($headers as $name => $value) {
$header_text[] .= $name . ': ' . $value;
}
return implode("\n", $header_text);
}
/**
* Make any final alterations to the rendered xhtml.
*/
function drupal_final_markup($content) {
// Make sure that the charset is always specified as the first element of the
// head region to prevent encoding-based attacks.
return preg_replace('/<head[^>]*>/i', "\$0\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />", $content, 1);
}
/**
* Add a feed URL for the current page.
*
* @param $url
* A URL for the feed.
* @param $title
* The title of the feed.
*/
function drupal_add_feed($url = NULL, $title = '') {
static $stored_feed_links = array();
if (!is_null($url) && !isset($stored_feed_links[$url])) {
$stored_feed_links[$url] = theme('feed_icon', $url, $title);
drupal_add_link(array('rel' => 'alternate',
'type' => 'application/rss+xml',
'title' => $title,
'href' => $url));
}
return $stored_feed_links;
}
/**
* Get the feed URLs for the current page.
*
* @param $delimiter
* A delimiter to split feeds by.
*/
function drupal_get_feeds($delimiter = "\n") {
$feeds = drupal_add_feed();
return implode($feeds, $delimiter);
}
/**
* @defgroup http_handling HTTP handling
* @{
* Functions to properly handle HTTP responses.
*/
/**
* Parse an array into a valid urlencoded query string.
*
* @param $query
* The array to be processed e.g. $_GET.
* @param $exclude
* The array filled with keys to be excluded. Use parent[child] to exclude
* nested items.
* @param $parent
* Should not be passed, only used in recursive calls.
* @return
* An urlencoded string which can be appended to/as the URL query string.
*/
function drupal_query_string_encode($query, $exclude = array(), $parent = '') {
$params = array();
foreach ($query as $key => $value) {
$key = rawurlencode($key);
if ($parent) {
$key = $parent .'['. $key .']';
}
if (in_array($key, $exclude)) {
continue;
}
if (is_array($value)) {
$params[] = drupal_query_string_encode($value, $exclude, $key);
}
else {
$params[] = $key .'='. rawurlencode($value);
}
}
return implode('&', $params);
}
/**
* Prepare a destination query string for use in combination with drupal_goto().
*
* Used to direct the user back to the referring page after completing a form.
* By default the current URL is returned. If a destination exists in the
* previous request, that destination is returned. As such, a destination can
* persist across multiple pages.
*
* @see drupal_goto()
*/
function drupal_get_destination() {
if (isset($_REQUEST['destination'])) {
return 'destination='. urlencode($_REQUEST['destination']);
}
else {
// Use $_GET here to retrieve the original path in source form.
$path = isset($_GET['q']) ? $_GET['q'] : '';
$query = drupal_query_string_encode($_GET, array('q'));
if ($query != '') {
$path .= '?'. $query;
}
return 'destination='. urlencode($path);
}
}
/**
* Send the user to a different Drupal page.
*
* This issues an on-site HTTP redirect. The function makes sure the redirected
* URL is formatted correctly.
*
* Usually the redirected URL is constructed from this function's input
* parameters. However you may override that behavior by setting a
* destination in either the $_REQUEST-array (i.e. by using
* the query string of an URI) or the $_REQUEST['edit']-array (i.e. by
* using a hidden form field). This is used to direct the user back to
* the proper page after completing a form. For example, after editing
* a post on the 'admin/content/node'-page or after having logged on using the
* 'user login'-block in a sidebar. The function drupal_get_destination()
* can be used to help set the destination URL.
*
* Drupal will ensure that messages set by drupal_set_message() and other
* session data are written to the database before the user is redirected.
*
* This function ends the request; use it rather than a print theme('page')
* statement in your menu callback.
*
* @param $path
* (optional) A Drupal path or a full URL, which will be passed to url() to
* compute the redirect for the URL.
* @param $query
* (optional) A URL-encoded query string to append to the link, or an array of
* query key/value-pairs without any URL-encoding. Passed to url().
* @param $fragment
* (optional) A destination fragment identifier (named anchor).
* @param $http_response_code
* (optional) The HTTP status code to use for the redirection, defaults to 302.
* The valid values for 3xx redirection status codes are defined in
* @link http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3 RFC 2616 @endlink
* and the
* @link http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-reschke-http-status-308-07 draft for the new HTTP status codes: @endlink
* - 301: Moved Permanently (the recommended value for most redirects).
* - 302: Found (default in Drupal and PHP, sometimes used for spamming search
* engines).
* - 303: See Other.
* - 304: Not Modified.
* - 305: Use Proxy.
* - 307: Temporary Redirect.
* @see drupal_get_destination()
*/
function drupal_goto($path = '', $query = NULL, $fragment = NULL, $http_response_code = 302) {
$destination = FALSE;
if (isset($_REQUEST['destination'])) {
$destination = $_REQUEST['destination'];
}
else if (isset($_REQUEST['edit']['destination'])) {
$destination = $_REQUEST['edit']['destination'];
}
if ($destination) {
// Do not redirect to an absolute URL originating from user input.
if (!menu_path_is_external($destination)) {
extract(parse_url($destination));
}
}
$options = array('query' => $query, 'fragment' => $fragment, 'absolute' => TRUE);
// In some cases modules call drupal_goto($_GET['q']). We need to ensure that
// such a redirect is not to an external URL.
if ($path === $_GET['q'] && menu_path_is_external($path)) {
// Force url() to generate a non-external URL.
$options['external'] = FALSE;
}
$url = url($path, $options);
// Remove newlines from the URL to avoid header injection attacks.
$url = str_replace(array("\n", "\r"), '', $url);
// Allow modules to react to the end of the page request before redirecting.
// We do not want this while running update.php.
if (!defined('MAINTENANCE_MODE') || MAINTENANCE_MODE != 'update') {
module_invoke_all('exit', $url);
}
// Even though session_write_close() is registered as a shutdown function,
// we need all session data written to the database before redirecting.
drupal_session_commit();
header('Location: '. $url, TRUE, $http_response_code);
// The "Location" header sends a redirect status code to the HTTP daemon. In
// some cases this can be wrong, so we make sure none of the code below the
// drupal_goto() call gets executed upon redirection.
exit();
}
/**
* Generates a site off-line message.
*/
function drupal_site_offline() {
drupal_maintenance_theme();
drupal_set_header($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] .' 503 Service unavailable');
drupal_set_title(t('Site off-line'));
print theme('maintenance_page', filter_xss_admin(variable_get('site_offline_message',
t('@site is currently under maintenance. We should be back shortly. Thank you for your patience.', array('@site' => variable_get('site_name', 'Pressflow'))))));
}
/**
* Generates a 404 error if the request can not be handled.
*/
function drupal_not_found() {
drupal_set_header($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] .' 404 Not Found');
watchdog('page not found', check_plain($_GET['q']), NULL, WATCHDOG_WARNING);
// Keep old path for reference, and to allow forms to redirect to it.
if (!isset($_REQUEST['destination'])) {
// Make sure that the current path is not interpreted as external URL.
if (!menu_path_is_external($_GET['q'])) {
$_REQUEST['destination'] = $_GET['q'];
}
}
$path = drupal_get_normal_path(variable_get('site_404', ''));
if ($path && $path != $_GET['q']) {
// Set the active item in case there are tabs to display, or other
// dependencies on the path.
menu_set_active_item($path);
$return = menu_execute_active_handler($path);
}
if (empty($return) || $return == MENU_NOT_FOUND || $return == MENU_ACCESS_DENIED) {
drupal_set_title(t('Page not found'));
$return = t('The requested page could not be found.');
}
// To conserve CPU and bandwidth, omit the blocks.
print theme('page', $return, FALSE);
}
/**
* Generates a 403 error if the request is not allowed.
*/
function drupal_access_denied() {
drupal_set_header($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] .' 403 Forbidden');
watchdog('access denied', check_plain($_GET['q']), NULL, WATCHDOG_WARNING);
// Keep old path for reference, and to allow forms to redirect to it.
if (!isset($_REQUEST['destination'])) {
// Make sure that the current path is not interpreted as external URL.
if (!menu_path_is_external($_GET['q'])) {
$_REQUEST['destination'] = $_GET['q'];
}
}
$path = drupal_get_normal_path(variable_get('site_403', ''));
if ($path && $path != $_GET['q']) {
// Set the active item in case there are tabs to display or other
// dependencies on the path.
menu_set_active_item($path);
$return = menu_execute_active_handler($path);
}
if (empty($return) || $return == MENU_NOT_FOUND || $return == MENU_ACCESS_DENIED) {
drupal_set_title(t('Access denied'));
$return = t('You are not authorized to access this page.');
}
print theme('page', $return);
}
/**
* Perform an HTTP request.
*
* This is a flexible and powerful HTTP client implementation. Correctly handles
* GET, POST, PUT or any other HTTP requests. Handles redirects.
*
* @param $url
* A string containing a fully qualified URI.
* @param $headers
* An array containing an HTTP header => value pair.
* @param $method
* A string defining the HTTP request to use.
* @param $data
* A string containing data to include in the request.
* @param $retry
* An integer representing how many times to retry the request in case of a
* redirect.
* @param $timeout
* A float representing the maximum number of seconds the function call may
* take. The default is 30 seconds. If a timeout occurs, the error code is set
* to the HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT constant.
* @return
* An object containing the HTTP request headers, response code, protocol,
* status message, headers, data and redirect status.
*/
function drupal_http_request($url, $headers = array(), $method = 'GET', $data = NULL, $retry = 3, $timeout = 30.0) {
global $db_prefix;
$result = new stdClass();
// Parse the URL and make sure we can handle the schema.
$uri = parse_url($url);
if ($uri == FALSE) {
$result->error = 'unable to parse URL';
$result->code = -1001;
return $result;
}
if (!isset($uri['scheme'])) {
$result->error = 'missing schema';
$result->code = -1002;
return $result;
}
timer_start(__FUNCTION__);
switch ($uri['scheme']) {
case 'http':
case 'feed':
$port = isset($uri['port']) ? $uri['port'] : 80;
$host = $uri['host'] . ($port != 80 ? ':'. $port : '');
$fp = @fsockopen($uri['host'], $port, $errno, $errstr, $timeout);
break;
case 'https':
// Note: Only works for PHP 4.3 compiled with OpenSSL.
$port = isset($uri['port']) ? $uri['port'] : 443;
$host = $uri['host'] . ($port != 443 ? ':'. $port : '');
$fp = @fsockopen('ssl://'. $uri['host'], $port, $errno, $errstr, $timeout);
break;
default:
$result->error = 'invalid schema '. $uri['scheme'];
$result->code = -1003;
return $result;
}
// Make sure the socket opened properly.
if (!$fp) {
// When a network error occurs, we use a negative number so it does not
// clash with the HTTP status codes.
$result->code = -$errno;
$result->error = trim($errstr);
// Mark that this request failed. This will trigger a check of the web
// server's ability to make outgoing HTTP requests the next time that
// requirements checking is performed.
// @see system_requirements()
variable_set('drupal_http_request_fails', TRUE);
return $result;
}
// Construct the path to act on.
$path = isset($uri['path']) ? $uri['path'] : '/';
if (isset($uri['query'])) {
$path .= '?'. $uri['query'];
}
// Create HTTP request.
$defaults = array(
// RFC 2616: "non-standard ports MUST, default ports MAY be included".
// We don't add the port to prevent from breaking rewrite rules checking the
// host that do not take into account the port number.
'Host' => "Host: $host",
'User-Agent' => 'User-Agent: Drupal (+http://drupal.org/)',
);
// Only add Content-Length if we actually have any content or if it is a POST
// or PUT request. Some non-standard servers get confused by Content-Length in
// at least HEAD/GET requests, and Squid always requires Content-Length in
// POST/PUT requests.
$content_length = strlen($data);
if ($content_length > 0 || $method == 'POST' || $method == 'PUT') {
$defaults['Content-Length'] = 'Content-Length: '. $content_length;
}
// If the server URL has a user then attempt to use basic authentication
if (isset($uri['user'])) {
$defaults['Authorization'] = 'Authorization: Basic '. base64_encode($uri['user'] . (!empty($uri['pass']) ? ":". $uri['pass'] : ''));
}
// If the database prefix is being used by SimpleTest to run the tests in a copied
// database then set the user-agent header to the database prefix so that any
// calls to other Drupal pages will run the SimpleTest prefixed database. The
// user-agent is used to ensure that multiple testing sessions running at the
// same time won't interfere with each other as they would if the database
// prefix were stored statically in a file or database variable.
if (is_string($db_prefix) && preg_match("/^simpletest\d+$/", $db_prefix, $matches)) {
$defaults['User-Agent'] = 'User-Agent: ' . drupal_generate_test_ua($matches[0]);
}
foreach ($headers as $header => $value) {
$defaults[$header] = $header .': '. $value;
}
$request = $method .' '. $path ." HTTP/1.0\r\n";
$request .= implode("\r\n", $defaults);
$request .= "\r\n\r\n";
$request .= $data;
$result->request = $request;
// Calculate how much time is left of the original timeout value.
$time_left = $timeout - timer_read(__FUNCTION__) / 1000;
if ($time_left > 0) {
stream_set_timeout($fp, floor($time_left), floor(1000000 * fmod($time_left, 1)));
fwrite($fp, $request);
}
// Fetch response.
$response = '';
while (!feof($fp)) {
// Calculate how much time is left of the original timeout value.
$time_left = $timeout - timer_read(__FUNCTION__) / 1000;
if ($time_left <= 0) {
$result->code = HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
$result->error = 'request timed out';
return $result;
}
stream_set_timeout($fp, floor($time_left), floor(1000000 * fmod($time_left, 1)));
$chunk = fread($fp, 1024);
$response .= $chunk;
}
fclose($fp);
// Parse response headers from the response body.
// Be tolerant of malformed HTTP responses that separate header and body with
// \n\n or \r\r instead of \r\n\r\n. See http://drupal.org/node/183435
list($split, $result->data) = preg_split("/\r\n\r\n|\n\n|\r\r/", $response, 2);
$split = preg_split("/\r\n|\n|\r/", $split);
list($protocol, $code, $status_message) = explode(' ', trim(array_shift($split)), 3);
$result->protocol = $protocol;
$result->status_message = $status_message;
$result->headers = array();
// Parse headers.
while ($line = trim(array_shift($split))) {
list($header, $value) = explode(':', $line, 2);
if (isset($result->headers[$header]) && $header == 'Set-Cookie') {
// RFC 2109: the Set-Cookie response header comprises the token Set-
// Cookie:, followed by a comma-separated list of one or more cookies.
$result->headers[$header] .= ','. trim($value);
}
else {
$result->headers[$header] = trim($value);
}
}
$responses = array(
100 => 'Continue', 101 => 'Switching Protocols',
200 => 'OK', 201 => 'Created', 202 => 'Accepted', 203 => 'Non-Authoritative Information', 204 => 'No Content', 205 => 'Reset Content', 206 => 'Partial Content',
300 => 'Multiple Choices', 301 => 'Moved Permanently', 302 => 'Found', 303 => 'See Other', 304 => 'Not Modified', 305 => 'Use Proxy', 307 => 'Temporary Redirect',
400 => 'Bad Request', 401 => 'Unauthorized', 402 => 'Payment Required', 403 => 'Forbidden', 404 => 'Not Found', 405 => 'Method Not Allowed', 406 => 'Not Acceptable', 407 => 'Proxy Authentication Required', 408 => 'Request Time-out', 409 => 'Conflict', 410 => 'Gone', 411 => 'Length Required', 412 => 'Precondition Failed', 413 => 'Request Entity Too Large', 414 => 'Request-URI Too Large', 415 => 'Unsupported Media Type', 416 => 'Requested range not satisfiable', 417 => 'Expectation Failed',
500 => 'Internal Server Error', 501 => 'Not Implemented', 502 => 'Bad Gateway', 503 => 'Service Unavailable', 504 => 'Gateway Time-out', 505 => 'HTTP Version not supported'
);
// RFC 2616 states that all unknown HTTP codes must be treated the same as the
// base code in their class.
if (!isset($responses[$code])) {
$code = floor($code / 100) * 100;
}
switch ($code) {
case 200: // OK
case 304: // Not modified
break;
case 301: // Moved permanently
case 302: // Moved temporarily
case 307: // Moved temporarily
$location = $result->headers['Location'];
$timeout -= timer_read(__FUNCTION__) / 1000;
if ($timeout <= 0) {
$result->code = HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
$result->error = 'request timed out';
}
elseif ($retry) {
$result = drupal_http_request($result->headers['Location'], $headers, $method, $data, --$retry, $timeout);
$result->redirect_code = $result->code;
}
$result->redirect_url = $location;
break;
default:
$result->error = $status_message;
}
$result->code = $code;
return $result;
}
/**
* @} End of "HTTP handling".
*/
/**
* Log errors as defined by administrator.
*
* Error levels:
* - 0 = Log errors to database.
* - 1 = Log errors to database and to screen.
*/
function drupal_error_handler($errno, $message, $filename, $line, $context) {
// If the @ error suppression operator was used, error_reporting will have
// been temporarily set to 0.
if (error_reporting() == 0) {
return;
}
if ($errno & (E_ALL ^ E_DEPRECATED ^ E_NOTICE)) {
$types = array(1 => 'error', 2 => 'warning', 4 => 'parse error', 8 => 'notice', 16 => 'core error', 32 => 'core warning', 64 => 'compile error', 128 => 'compile warning', 256 => 'user error', 512 => 'user warning', 1024 => 'user notice', 2048 => 'strict warning', 4096 => 'recoverable fatal error');
// For database errors, we want the line number/file name of the place that
// the query was originally called, not _db_query().
if (isset($context[DB_ERROR])) {
$backtrace = array_reverse(debug_backtrace());
// List of functions where SQL queries can originate.
$query_functions = array('db_query', 'pager_query', 'db_query_range', 'db_query_temporary', 'update_sql');
// Determine where query function was called, and adjust line/file
// accordingly.
foreach ($backtrace as $index => $function) {
if (in_array($function['function'], $query_functions)) {
$line = $backtrace[$index]['line'];
$filename = $backtrace[$index]['file'];
break;
}
}
}
// Try to use filter_xss(). If it's too early in the bootstrap process for
// filter_xss() to be loaded, use check_plain() instead.
$entry = check_plain($types[$errno]) .': '. (function_exists('filter_xss') ? filter_xss($message) : check_plain($message)) .' in '. check_plain($filename) .' on line '. check_plain($line) .'.';
// Force display of error messages in update.php.
if (variable_get('error_level', 1) == 1 || strstr($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'], 'update.php')) {
drupal_set_message($entry, 'error');
}
watchdog('php', '%message in %file on line %line.', array('%error' => $types[$errno], '%message' => $message, '%file' => $filename, '%line' => $line), WATCHDOG_ERROR);
}
}
function _fix_gpc_magic(&$item) {
if (is_array($item)) {
array_walk($item, '_fix_gpc_magic');
}
else {
$item = stripslashes($item);
}
}
/**
* Helper function to strip slashes from $_FILES skipping over the tmp_name keys
* since PHP generates single backslashes for file paths on Windows systems.
*
* tmp_name does not have backslashes added see
* http://php.net/manual/en/features.file-upload.php#42280
*/
function _fix_gpc_magic_files(&$item, $key) {
if ($key != 'tmp_name') {
if (is_array($item)) {
array_walk($item, '_fix_gpc_magic_files');
}
else {
$item = stripslashes($item);
}
}
}
/**
* Fix double-escaping problems caused by "magic quotes" in some PHP installations.
*/
function fix_gpc_magic() {
static $fixed = FALSE;
if (!$fixed && ini_get('magic_quotes_gpc')) {
array_walk($_GET, '_fix_gpc_magic');
array_walk($_POST, '_fix_gpc_magic');
array_walk($_COOKIE, '_fix_gpc_magic');
array_walk($_REQUEST, '_fix_gpc_magic');
array_walk($_FILES, '_fix_gpc_magic_files');
$fixed = TRUE;
}
}
/**
* Translate strings to the page language or a given language.
*
* Human-readable text that will be displayed somewhere within a page should
* be run through the t() function.
*
* Examples:
* @code
* if (!$info || !$info['extension']) {
* form_set_error('picture_upload', t('The uploaded file was not an image.'));
* }
*
* $form['submit'] = array(
* '#type' => 'submit',
* '#value' => t('Log in'),
* );
* @endcode
*
* Any text within t() can be extracted by translators and changed into
* the equivalent text in their native language.
*
* Special variables called "placeholders" are used to signal dynamic
* information in a string which should not be translated. Placeholders
* can also be used for text that may change from time to time (such as
* link paths) to be changed without requiring updates to translations.
*
* For example:
* @code
* $output = t('There are currently %members and %visitors online.', array(
* '%members' => format_plural($total_users, '1 user', '@count users'),
* '%visitors' => format_plural($guests->count, '1 guest', '@count guests')));
* @endcode
*
* There are three styles of placeholders:
* - !variable, which indicates that the text should be inserted as-is. This is
* useful for inserting variables into things like e-mail.
* @code
* $message[] = t("If you don't want to receive such e-mails, you can change your settings at !url.", array('!url' => url("user/$account->uid", array('absolute' => TRUE))));
* @endcode
*
* - @variable, which indicates that the text should be run through
* check_plain, to escape HTML characters. Use this for any output that's
* displayed within a Drupal page.
* @code
* drupal_set_title($title = t("@name's blog", array('@name' => $account->name)));
* @endcode
*
* - %variable, which indicates that the string should be HTML escaped and
* highlighted with theme_placeholder() which shows up by default as
* <em>emphasized</em>.
* @code
* $message = t('%name-from sent %name-to an e-mail.', array('%name-from' => $user->name, '%name-to' => $account->name));
* @endcode
*
* When using t(), try to put entire sentences and strings in one t() call.
* This makes it easier for translators, as it provides context as to what
* each word refers to. HTML markup within translation strings is allowed, but
* should be avoided if possible. The exception are embedded links; link
* titles add a context for translators, so should be kept in the main string.
*
* Here is an example of incorrect usage of t():
* @code
* $output .= t('<p>Go to the @contact-page.</p>', array('@contact-page' => l(t('contact page'), 'contact')));
* @endcode
*
* Here is an example of t() used correctly:
* @code
* $output .= '<p>'. t('Go to the <a href="@contact-page">contact page</a>.', array('@contact-page' => url('contact'))) .'</p>';
* @endcode
*
* Avoid escaping quotation marks wherever possible.
*
* Incorrect:
* @code
* $output .= t('Don\'t click me.');
* @endcode
*
* Correct:
* @code
* $output .= t("Don't click me.");
* @endcode
*
* Because t() is designed for handling code-based strings, in almost all
* cases, the actual string and not a variable must be passed through t().
*
* Extraction of translations is done based on the strings contained in t()
* calls. If a variable is passed through t(), the content of the variable
* cannot be extracted from the file for translation.
*
* Incorrect:
* @code
* $message = 'An error occurred.';
* drupal_set_message(t($message), 'error');
* $output .= t($message);
* @endcode
*
* Correct:
* @code
* $message = t('An error occurred.');
* drupal_set_message($message, 'error');
* $output .= $message;
* @endcode
*
* The only case in which variables can be passed safely through t() is when
* code-based versions of the same strings will be passed through t() (or
* otherwise extracted) elsewhere.
*
* In some cases, modules may include strings in code that can't use t()
* calls. For example, a module may use an external PHP application that
* produces strings that are loaded into variables in Drupal for output.
* In these cases, module authors may include a dummy file that passes the
* relevant strings through t(). This approach will allow the strings to be
* extracted.
*
* Sample external (non-Drupal) code:
* @code
* class Time {
* public $yesterday = 'Yesterday';
* public $today = 'Today';
* public $tomorrow = 'Tomorrow';
* }
* @endcode
*
* Sample dummy file.
* @code
* // Dummy function included in example.potx.inc.
* function example_potx() {
* $strings = array(
* t('Yesterday'),
* t('Today'),
* t('Tomorrow'),
* );
* // No return value needed, since this is a dummy function.
* }
* @endcode
*
* Having passed strings through t() in a dummy function, it is then
* okay to pass variables through t().
*
* Correct (if a dummy file was used):
* @code
* $time = new Time();
* $output .= t($time->today);
* @endcode
*
* However tempting it is, custom data from user input or other non-code
* sources should not be passed through t(). Doing so leads to the following
* problems and errors:
* - The t() system doesn't support updates to existing strings. When user
* data is updated, the next time it's passed through t() a new record is
* created instead of an update. The database bloats over time and any
* existing translations are orphaned with each update.
* - The t() system assumes any data it receives is in English. User data may
* be in another language, producing translation errors.
* - The "Built-in interface" text group in the locale system is used to
* produce translations for storage in .po files. When non-code strings are
* passed through t(), they are added to this text group, which is rendered
* inaccurate since it is a mix of actual interface strings and various user
* input strings of uncertain origin.
*
* Incorrect:
* @code
* $item = item_load();
* $output .= check_plain(t($item['title']));
* @endcode
*
* Instead, translation of these data can be done through the locale system,
* either directly or through helper functions provided by contributed
* modules.
* @see hook_locale()
*
* During installation, st() is used in place of t(). Code that may be called
* during installation or during normal operation should use the get_t()
* helper function.
* @see st()
* @see get_t()
*
* @param $string
* A string containing the English string to translate.
* @param $args
* An associative array of replacements to make after translation. Incidences
* of any key in this array are replaced with the corresponding value. Based
* on the first character of the key, the value is escaped and/or themed:
* - !variable: inserted as is
* - @variable: escape plain text to HTML (check_plain)
* - %variable: escape text and theme as a placeholder for user-submitted
* content (check_plain + theme_placeholder)
* @param $langcode
* Optional language code to translate to a language other than what is used
* to display the page.
* @return
* The translated string.
*/
function t($string, $args = array(), $langcode = NULL) {
global $language;
static $custom_strings;
$langcode = isset($langcode) ? $langcode : $language->language;
// First, check for an array of customized strings. If present, use the array
// *instead of* database lookups. This is a high performance way to provide a
// handful of string replacements. See settings.php for examples.
// Cache the $custom_strings variable to improve performance.
if (!isset($custom_strings[$langcode])) {
$custom_strings[$langcode] = variable_get('locale_custom_strings_'. $langcode, array());
}
// Custom strings work for English too, even if locale module is disabled.
if (isset($custom_strings[$langcode][$string])) {
$string = $custom_strings[$langcode][$string];
}
// Translate with locale module if enabled.
elseif (function_exists('locale') && $langcode != 'en') {
$string = locale($string, $langcode);
}
if (empty($args)) {
return $string;
}
else {
// Transform arguments before inserting them.
foreach ($args as $key => $value) {
switch ($key[0]) {
case '@':
// Escaped only.
$args[$key] = check_plain($value);
break;
case '%':
default:
// Escaped and placeholder.
$args[$key] = theme('placeholder', $value);
break;
case '!':
// Pass-through.
}
}
return strtr($string, $args);
}
}
/**
* @defgroup validation Input validation
* @{
* Functions to validate user input.
*/
/**
* Verifies the syntax of the given e-mail address.
*
* See @link http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322 RFC 5322 @endlink for details.