FontTexture.java

/* -*- mode: java; c-basic-offset: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */

/*
  Part of the Processing project - http://processing.org

  Copyright (c) 2012-21 The Processing Foundation
  Copyright (c) 2004-12 Ben Fry and Casey Reas
  Copyright (c) 2001-04 Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.1.

  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
  Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
  Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
  Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
*/

package processing.opengl;

import processing.core.PApplet;
import processing.core.PConstants;
import processing.core.PFont;
import processing.core.PGraphics;
import processing.core.PImage;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * All the infrastructure needed for optimized font rendering
 * in OpenGL. Basically, this special class is needed because
 * fonts in Processing are handled by a separate PImage for each
 * glyph. For performance reasons, all these glyphs should be
 * stored in a single OpenGL texture (otherwise, rendering a
 * string of text would involve binding and un-binding several
 * textures.
 * PFontTexture manages the correspondence between individual
 * glyphs and the large OpenGL texture containing them. Also,
 * in the case that the font size is very large, one single
 * OpenGL texture might not be enough to store all the glyphs,
 * so PFontTexture also takes care of spreading a single font
 * over several textures.
 * @author Andres Colubri
 */
class FontTexture implements PConstants {
  protected PGL pgl;
  protected boolean is3D;

  protected int minSize;
  protected int maxSize;
  protected int offsetX;
  protected int offsetY;
  protected int lineHeight;
  protected Texture[] textures = null;
  protected PImage[] images = null;
  protected int lastTex;
  protected TextureInfo[] glyphTexinfos;
  protected HashMap<PFont.Glyph, TextureInfo> texinfoMap;

  public FontTexture(PGraphicsOpenGL pg, PFont font, boolean is3D) {
    pgl = pg.pgl;
    this.is3D = is3D;

    initTexture(pg, font);
  }


  protected void allocate() {
    // Nothing to do here: the font textures will allocate
    // themselves.
  }


  protected void dispose() {
    for (int i = 0; i < textures.length; i++) {
      textures[i].dispose();
    }
  }


  protected void initTexture(PGraphicsOpenGL pg, PFont font) {
    lastTex = -1;

    int spow = PGL.nextPowerOfTwo(font.getSize());
    minSize = PApplet.min(PGraphicsOpenGL.maxTextureSize,
                          PApplet.max(PGL.MIN_FONT_TEX_SIZE, spow));
    maxSize = PApplet.min(PGraphicsOpenGL.maxTextureSize,
                          PApplet.max(PGL.MAX_FONT_TEX_SIZE, 2 * spow));

    if (maxSize < spow) {
      PGraphics.showWarning("The font size is too large to be properly " +
                            "displayed with OpenGL");
    }

    addTexture(pg);

    offsetX = 0;
    offsetY = 0;
    lineHeight = 0;

    texinfoMap = new HashMap<PFont.Glyph, TextureInfo>();
    glyphTexinfos = new TextureInfo[font.getGlyphCount()];
    addAllGlyphsToTexture(pg, font);
  }


  public boolean addTexture(PGraphicsOpenGL pg) {
    int w, h;
    boolean resize;

    w = maxSize;
    if (-1 < lastTex && textures[lastTex].glHeight < maxSize) {
      // The height of the current texture is less than the maximum, this
      // means we can replace it with a larger texture.
      h = PApplet.min(2 * textures[lastTex].glHeight, maxSize);
      resize = true;
    } else {
      h = minSize;
      resize = false;
    }

    Texture tex;
    if (is3D) {
      // Bilinear sampling ensures that the texture doesn't look pixelated
      // either when it is magnified or minified...
      tex = new Texture(pg, w, h,
                        new Texture.Parameters(ARGB, Texture.BILINEAR, false));
    } else {
      // ...however, the effect of bilinear sampling is to add some blurriness
      // to the text in its original size. In 2D, we assume that text will be
      // shown at its original size, so linear sampling is chosen instead (which
      // only affects minimized text).
      tex = new Texture(pg, w, h,
                        new Texture.Parameters(ARGB, Texture.LINEAR, false));
    }

    if (textures == null) {
      textures = new Texture[1];
      textures[0] = tex;
      images = new PImage[1];
      images[0] = pg.wrapTexture(tex);
      lastTex = 0;
    } else if (resize) {
      // Replacing old smaller texture with larger one.
      // But first we must copy the contents of the older
      // texture into the new one.
      Texture tex0 = textures[lastTex];
      tex.put(tex0);
      textures[lastTex] = tex;

      pg.setCache(images[lastTex], tex);
      images[lastTex].width = tex.width;
      images[lastTex].height = tex.height;
    } else {
      // Adding new texture to the list.
      lastTex = textures.length;
      Texture[] tempTex = new Texture[lastTex + 1];
      PApplet.arrayCopy(textures, tempTex, textures.length);
      tempTex[lastTex] = tex;
      textures = tempTex;

      PImage[] tempImg = new PImage[textures.length];
      PApplet.arrayCopy(images, tempImg, images.length);
      tempImg[lastTex] = pg.wrapTexture(tex);
      images = tempImg;
    }

    // Make sure that the current texture is bound.
    tex.bind();

    return resize;
  }


  public void begin() {
  }


  public void end() {
    for (int i = 0; i < textures.length; i++) {
      pgl.disableTexturing(textures[i].glTarget);
    }
  }


  public PImage getTexture(TextureInfo info) {
    return images[info.texIndex];
  }


  // Add all the current glyphs to opengl texture.
  public void addAllGlyphsToTexture(PGraphicsOpenGL pg, PFont font) {
    // loop over current glyphs.
    for (int i = 0; i < font.getGlyphCount(); i++) {
      addToTexture(pg, i, font.getGlyph(i));
    }
  }


  public void updateGlyphsTexCoords() {
    // loop over current glyphs.
    for (int i = 0; i < glyphTexinfos.length; i++) {
      TextureInfo tinfo = glyphTexinfos[i];
      if (tinfo != null && tinfo.texIndex == lastTex) {
        tinfo.updateUV();
      }
    }
  }


  public TextureInfo getTexInfo(PFont.Glyph glyph) {
    TextureInfo info = texinfoMap.get(glyph);
    return info;
  }


  public TextureInfo addToTexture(PGraphicsOpenGL pg, PFont.Glyph glyph) {
    int n = glyphTexinfos.length;
    if (n == 0) {
      glyphTexinfos = new TextureInfo[1];
    }
    addToTexture(pg, n, glyph);
    return glyphTexinfos[n];
  }


  public boolean contextIsOutdated() {
    boolean outdated = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < textures.length; i++) {
      if (textures[i].contextIsOutdated())  {
        outdated = true;
      }
    }
    if (outdated) {
      for (int i = 0; i < textures.length; i++) {
        textures[i].dispose();
      }
    }
    return outdated;
  }

//  public void draw() {
//    Texture tex = textures[lastTex];
//    pgl.drawTexture(tex.glTarget, tex.glName,
//                    tex.glWidth, tex.glHeight,
//                    0, 0, tex.glWidth, tex.glHeight);
//  }


  // Adds this glyph to the opengl texture in PFont.
  protected void addToTexture(PGraphicsOpenGL pg, int idx, PFont.Glyph glyph) {
    // We add one pixel to avoid issues when sampling the font texture at
    // fractional screen positions. I.e.: the pixel on the screen only contains
    // half of the font rectangle, so it would sample half of the color from the
    // glyph area in the texture, and the other half from the contiguous pixel.
    // If the later contains a portion of the neighbor glyph and the former
    // doesn't, this would result in a shaded pixel when the correct output is
    // blank. This is a consequence of putting all the glyphs in a common
    // texture with bilinear sampling.
    int w = 1 + glyph.width + 1;
    int h = 1 + glyph.height + 1;

    // Converting the pixels array from the PImage into a valid RGBA array for
    // OpenGL.
    int[] rgba = new int[w * h];
    int t = 0;
    int p = 0;
    if (PGL.BIG_ENDIAN)  {
      java.util.Arrays.fill(rgba, 0, w, 0xFFFFFF00); // Set the first row to blank pixels.
      t = w;
      for (int y = 0; y < glyph.height; y++) {
        rgba[t++] = 0xFFFFFF00; // Set the leftmost pixel in this row as blank
        for (int x = 0; x < glyph.width; x++) {
          rgba[t++] = 0xFFFFFF00 | glyph.image.pixels[p++];
        }
        rgba[t++] = 0xFFFFFF00; // Set the rightmost pixel in this row as blank
      }
      java.util.Arrays.fill(rgba, (h - 1) * w, h * w, 0xFFFFFF00); // Set the last row to blank pixels.
    } else {
      java.util.Arrays.fill(rgba, 0, w, 0x00FFFFFF); // Set the first row to blank pixels.
      t = w;
      for (int y = 0; y < glyph.height; y++) {
        rgba[t++] = 0x00FFFFFF; // Set the leftmost pixel in this row as blank
        for (int x = 0; x < glyph.width; x++) {
          rgba[t++] = (glyph.image.pixels[p++] << 24) | 0x00FFFFFF;
        }
        rgba[t++] = 0x00FFFFFF; // Set the rightmost pixel in this row as blank
      }
      java.util.Arrays.fill(rgba, (h - 1) * w, h * w, 0x00FFFFFF); // Set the last row to blank pixels.
    }

    // Is there room for this glyph in the current line?
    if (offsetX + w > textures[lastTex].glWidth) {
      // No room, go to the next line:
      offsetX = 0;
      offsetY += lineHeight;
    }
    lineHeight = Math.max(lineHeight, h);

    boolean resized = false;
    if (offsetY + lineHeight > textures[lastTex].glHeight) {
      // We run out of space in the current texture, so we add a new texture:
      resized = addTexture(pg);
      if (resized) {
        // Because the current texture has been resized, we need to
        // update the UV coordinates of all the glyphs associated to it:
        updateGlyphsTexCoords();
      } else {
        // A new texture has been created. Reseting texture coordinates
        // and line.
        offsetX = 0;
        offsetY = 0;
        lineHeight = 0;
      }
    }

    TextureInfo tinfo = new TextureInfo(lastTex, offsetX, offsetY, w, h, rgba);
    offsetX += w;

    if (idx == glyphTexinfos.length) {
      TextureInfo[] temp = new TextureInfo[glyphTexinfos.length + 1];
      System.arraycopy(glyphTexinfos, 0, temp, 0, glyphTexinfos.length);
      glyphTexinfos = temp;
    }

    glyphTexinfos[idx] = tinfo;
    texinfoMap.put(glyph, tinfo);
  }


  class TextureInfo {
    int texIndex;
    int width;
    int height;
    int[] crop;
    float u0, u1;
    float v0, v1;
    int[] pixels;

    TextureInfo(int tidx, int cropX, int cropY, int cropW, int cropH,
                int[] pix) {
      texIndex = tidx;
      crop = new int[4];
      // The region of the texture corresponding to the glyph is surrounded by a
      // 1-pixel wide border to avoid artifacts due to bilinear sampling. This
      // is why the additions and subtractions to the crop values.
      crop[0] = cropX + 1;
      crop[1] = cropY + 1 + cropH - 2;
      crop[2] = cropW - 2;
      crop[3] = -cropH + 2;
      pixels = pix;
      updateUV();
      updateTex();
    }


    void updateUV() {
      width = textures[texIndex].glWidth;
      height = textures[texIndex].glHeight;

      u0 = (float)crop[0] / (float)width;
      u1 = u0 + (float)crop[2] / (float)width;
      v0 = (float)(crop[1] + crop[3]) / (float)height;
      v1 = v0 - (float)crop[3] / (float)height;
    }


    void updateTex() {
      textures[texIndex].setNative(pixels, crop[0] - 1, crop[1] + crop[3] - 1,
                                           crop[2] + 2, -crop[3] + 2);
    }
  }
}