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Merge pull request #11944 from protocolbuffers/gha-port-22.x
Backport GHA fixes and optimizations to 22.x
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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| This directory contains all of our automatically triggered workflows. | ||
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| # Test runner | ||
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| Our top level `test_runner.yml` is responsible for kicking off all tests, which | ||
| are represented as reusable workflows. This is carefully constructed to satisfy | ||
| the design laid out in go/protobuf-gha-protected-resources (see below), and | ||
| duplicating it across every workflow file would be difficult to maintain. As an | ||
| added bonus, we can manually dispatch our full test suite with a single button | ||
| and monitor the progress of all of them simultaneously in GitHub's actions UI. | ||
|
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| There are five ways our test suite can be triggered: | ||
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| - **Post-submit tests** (`push`): These are run over newly submitted code | ||
| that we can assume has been thoroughly reviewed. There are no additional | ||
| security concerns here and these jobs can be given highly privileged access to | ||
| our internal resources and caches. | ||
|
|
||
| - **Pre-submit tests from a branch** (`push_request`): These are run over | ||
| every PR as changes are made. Since they are coming from branches in our | ||
| repository, they have secret access by default and can also be given highly | ||
| privileged access. However, we expect *many* of these events per change, | ||
| and likely many from abandoned/exploratory changes. Given the much higher | ||
| frequency, we restrict the ability to *write* to our more expensive caches. | ||
|
|
||
| - **Pre-submit tests from a fork** (`push_request_target`): These are run | ||
| over every PR from a forked repository as changes are made. These have much | ||
| more restricted access, since they could be coming from anywhere. To protect | ||
| our secret keys and our resources, tests will not run until a commit has been | ||
| labeled `safe to submit`. Further commits will require further approvals to | ||
| run our test suite. Once marked as safe, we will provide read-only access to | ||
| our caches and Docker images, but will generally disallow any writes to shared | ||
| resources. | ||
|
|
||
| - **Continuous tests** (`schedule`): These are run on a fixed schedule. We | ||
| currently have them set up to run daily, and can help identify non-hermetic | ||
| issues in tests that don't get run often (such as due to test caching) or during | ||
| slow periods like weekends and holidays. Similar to post-submit tests, these | ||
| are run over submitted code and are highly privileged in the resources they | ||
| can use. | ||
|
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||
| - **Manual testing** (`workflow_dispatch`): Our test runner can be triggered | ||
| manually over any branch. This is treated similarly to pre-submit tests, | ||
| which should be highly privileged because they can only be triggered by the | ||
| protobuf team. | ||
|
|
||
| # Staleness handling | ||
|
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||
| While Bazel handles code generation seamlessly, we do support build systems that | ||
| don't. There are a handful of cases where we need to check in generated files | ||
| that can become stale over time. In order to provide a good developer | ||
| experience, we've implemented a system to make this more manageable. | ||
|
|
||
| - Stale files should have a corresponding `staleness_test` Bazel target. This | ||
| should be marked `manual` to avoid getting picked up in CI, but will fail if | ||
| files become stale. It also provides a `--fix` flag to update the stale files. | ||
|
|
||
| - Bazel tests will never depend on the checked-in versions, and will generate | ||
| new ones on-the-fly during build. | ||
|
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||
| - Non-Bazel tests will always regenerate necessary files before starting. This | ||
| is done using our `bash` and `docker` actions, which should be used for any | ||
| non-Bazel tests. This way, no tests will fail due to stale files. | ||
|
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| - A post-submit job will immediately regenerate any stale files and commit them | ||
| if they've changed. | ||
|
|
||
| - A scheduled job will run late at night every day to make sure the post-submit | ||
| is working as expected (that is, it will run all the staleness tests). | ||
|
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| The `regenerate_stale_files.sh` script is the central script responsible for all | ||
| the re-generation of stale files. | ||
|
|
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| # Forked PRs | ||
|
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| Because we need secret access to run our tests, we use the `pull_request_target` | ||
| event for PRs coming from forked repositories. We do checkout the code from the | ||
| PR's head, but the workflow files themselves are always fetched from the *base* | ||
| branch (that is, the branch we're merging to). Therefore, any changes to these | ||
| files won't be tested, so we explicitly ban PRs that touch these files. | ||
|
|
||
| # Caches | ||
|
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| We have a number of different caching strategies to help speed up tests. These | ||
| live either in GCP buckets or in our GitHub repository cache. The former has | ||
| a lot of resources available and we don't have to worry as much about bloat. | ||
| On the other hand, the GitHub repository cache is limited to 10GB, and will | ||
| start pruning old caches when it exceeds that threshold. Therefore, we need | ||
| to be very careful about the size and quantity of our caches in order to | ||
| maximize the gains. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Bazel remote cache | ||
|
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||
| As described in https://bazel.build/remote/caching, remote caching allows us to | ||
| offload a lot of our build steps to a remote server that holds a cache of | ||
| previous builds. We use our GCP project for this storage, and configure | ||
| *every* Bazel call to use it. This provides substantial performance | ||
| improvements at minimal cost. | ||
|
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||
| We do not allow forked PRs to upload updates to our Bazel caches, but they | ||
| do use them. Every other event is given read/write access to the caches. | ||
| Because Bazel behaves poorly under certain environment changes (such as | ||
| toolchain, operating system), we try to use finely-grained caches. Each job | ||
| should typically have its own cache to avoid cross-pollution. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Bazel repository cache | ||
|
|
||
| When Bazel starts up, it downloads all the external dependencies for a given | ||
| build and stores them in the repository cache. This cache is *separate* from | ||
| the remote cache, and only exists locally. Because we have so many Bazel | ||
| dependencies, this can be a source of frequent flakes due to network issues. | ||
|
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||
| To avoid this, we keep a cached version of the repository cache in GitHub's | ||
| action cache. Our full set of repository dependencies ends up being ~300MB, | ||
| which is fairly expensive given our 10GB maximum. The most expensive ones seem | ||
| to come from Java, which has some very large downstream dependencies. | ||
|
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| Given the cost, we take a more conservative approach for this cache. Only push | ||
| events will ever write to this cache, but all events can read from them. | ||
| Additionally, we only store three caches for any given commit, one per platform. | ||
| This means that multiple jobs are trying to update the same cache, leading to a | ||
| race. GitHub rejects all but one of these updates, so we designed the system so | ||
| that caches are only updated if they've actually changed. That way, over time | ||
| (and multiple pushes) the repository caches will incrementally grow to encompass | ||
| all of our dependencies. A scheduled job will run monthly to clear these caches | ||
| to prevent unbounded growth as our dependencies evolve. | ||
|
|
||
| ## ccache | ||
|
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||
| In order to speed up non-Bazel builds to be on par with Bazel, we make use of | ||
| [ccache](https://ccache.dev/). This intercepts all calls to the compiler, and | ||
| caches the result. Subsequent calls with a cache-hit will very quickly | ||
| short-circuit and return the already computed result. This has minimal affect | ||
| on any *single* job, since we typically only run a single build. However, by | ||
| caching the ccache results in GitHub's action cache we can substantially | ||
| decrease the build time of subsequent runs. | ||
|
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| One useful feature of ccache is that you can set a maximum cache size, and it | ||
| will automatically prune older results to keep below that limit. On Linux and | ||
| Mac cmake builds, we generally get 30MB caches and set a 100MB cache limit. On | ||
| Windows, with debug symbol stripping we get ~70MB and set a 200MB cache limit. | ||
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| Because CMake build tend to be our slowest, bottlenecking the entire CI process, | ||
| we use a fairly expensive strategy with ccache. All events will cache their | ||
| ccache directory, keyed by the commit and the branch. This means that each | ||
| PR and each branch will write its own set of caches. When looking up which | ||
| cache to use initially, each job will first look for a recent cache in its | ||
| current branch. If it can't find one, it will accept a cache from the base | ||
| branch (for example, PRs will initially use the latest cache from their target | ||
| branch). | ||
|
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| While the ccache caches quickly over-run our GitHub action cache, they also | ||
| quickly become useless. Since GitHub prunes caches based on the time they were | ||
| last used, this just means that we'll see quicker turnover. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Bazelisk | ||
|
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||
| Bazelisk will automatically download a pinned version of Bazel on first use. | ||
| This can lead to flakes, and to avoid that we cache the result keyed on the | ||
| Bazel version. Only push events will write to this cache, but it's unlikely | ||
| to change very often. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Docker images | ||
|
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| Instead of downloading a fresh Docker image for every test run, we can save it | ||
| as a tar and cache it using `docker image save` and later restore using | ||
| `docker image load`. This can decrease download times and also reduce flakes. | ||
| Note, Docker's load can actually be significantly slower than a pull in certain | ||
| situations. Therefore, we should reserve this strategy for only Docker images | ||
| that are causing noticeable flakes. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Pip dependencies | ||
|
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| The actions/setup-python action we use for Python supports automated caching | ||
| of pip dependencies. We enable this to avoid having to download these | ||
| dependencies on every run, which can lead to flakes. | ||
|
|
||
| # Custom actions | ||
|
|
||
| We've defined a number of custom actions to abstract out shared pieces of our | ||
| workflows. | ||
|
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| - **Bazel** use this for running all Bazel tests. It can take either a single | ||
| Bazel command or a more general bash command. In the latter case, it provides | ||
| environment variables for running Bazel with all our standardized settings. | ||
|
|
||
| - **Bazel-Docker** nearly identical to the **Bazel** action, this additionally | ||
| runs everything in a specified Docker image. | ||
|
|
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| - **Bash** use this for running non-Bazel tests. It takes a bash command and | ||
| runs it verbatim. It also handles the regeneration of stale files (which does | ||
| use Bazel), which non-Bazel tests might depend on. | ||
|
|
||
| - **Docker** nearly identical to the **Bash** action, this additionally runs | ||
| everything in a specified Docker image. | ||
|
|
||
| - **ccache** this sets up a ccache environment, and initializes some | ||
| environment variables for standardized usage of ccache. | ||
|
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| - **Cross-compile protoc** this abstracts out the compilation of protoc using | ||
| our cross-compilation infrastructure. It will set a `PROTOC` environment | ||
| variable that gets automatically picked up by a lot of our infrastructure. | ||
| This is most useful in conjunction with the **Bash** action with non-Bazel | ||
| tests. |
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ | ||
| name: Forked PR workflow check | ||
|
|
||
| # This workflow prevents modifications to our workflow files in PRs from forked | ||
| # repositories. Since tests in these PRs always use the workflows in the | ||
| # *target* branch, modifications to these files can't be properly tested. | ||
|
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||
| on: | ||
| # safe presubmit | ||
| pull_request: | ||
| branches: | ||
| - main | ||
| - '[0-9]+.x' | ||
| # The 21.x branch still uses Kokoro | ||
| - '!21.x' | ||
| # For testing purposes so we can stage this on the `gha` branch. | ||
| - gha | ||
| paths: | ||
| - '.github/workflows/**' | ||
|
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| jobs: | ||
| check: | ||
| name: Check PR source | ||
| runs-on: ubuntu-latest | ||
| steps: | ||
| - run: > | ||
| ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == 'protocolbuffers/protobuf' }} || | ||
| (echo "This pull request is from an unsafe fork (${{ github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name }}) and isn't allowed to modify workflow files!" && exit 1) |
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