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.. option:: --version
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Show |Flake8|'s version as well as the versions of all plugins
installed.
Command-line usage:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --version
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: -h, --help
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Show a description of how to use |Flake8| and its options.
Command-line usage:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --help
flake8 -h
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: -v, --verbose
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Increase the verbosity of |Flake8|'s output. Each time you specify
it, it will print more and more information.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 -vv
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: -q, --quiet
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Decrease the verbosity of |Flake8|'s output. Each time you specify it,
it will print less and less information.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 -q
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
quiet = 1
.. option:: --color
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Whether to use color in output. Defaults to ``auto``.
Possible options are ``auto``, ``always``, and ``never``.
This **can** be specified in config files.
When color is enabled, the following substitutions are enabled:
- ``%(bold)s``
- ``%(black)s``
- ``%(red)s``
- ``%(green)s``
- ``%(yellow)s``
- ``%(blue)s``
- ``%(magenta)s``
- ``%(cyan)s``
- ``%(white)s``
- ``%(reset)s``
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
color = never
.. option:: --count
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Print the total number of errors.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --count dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
count = True
.. option:: --diff
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
.. warning::
Due to hiding potential errors, this option is deprecated and will be
removed in a future version.
Use the unified diff provided on standard in to only check the modified
files and report errors included in the diff.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
git diff -u | flake8 --diff
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: --exclude=<patterns>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Provide a comma-separated list of glob patterns to exclude from checks.
This defaults to: ``.svn,CVS,.bzr,.hg,.git,__pycache__,.tox,.nox,.eggs,*.egg``
Example patterns:
- ``*.pyc`` will match any file that ends with ``.pyc``
- ``__pycache__`` will match any path that has ``__pycache__`` in it
- ``lib/python`` will look expand that using :func:`os.path.abspath` and
look for matching paths
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --exclude=*.pyc dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
exclude =
.tox,
__pycache__
.. option:: --extend-exclude=<patterns>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
.. versionadded:: 3.8.0
Provide a comma-separated list of glob patterns to add to the list of excluded ones.
Similar considerations as in :option:`--exclude` apply here with regard to the
value.
The difference to the :option:`--exclude` option is, that this option can be
used to selectively add individual patterns without overriding the default
list entirely.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --extend-exclude=legacy/,vendor/ dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
extend-exclude =
legacy/,
vendor/
extend-exclude = legacy/,vendor/
.. option:: --filename=<patterns>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Provide a comma-separate list of glob patterns to include for checks.
This defaults to: ``*.py``
Example patterns:
- ``*.py`` will match any file that ends with ``.py``
- ``__pycache__`` will match any path that has ``__pycache__`` in it
- ``lib/python`` will look expand that using :func:`os.path.abspath` and
look for matching paths
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --filename=*.py dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
filename =
example.py,
another-example*.py
.. option:: --stdin-display-name=<display_name>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Provide the name to use to report warnings and errors from code on stdin.
Instead of reporting an error as something like:
.. code::
stdin:82:73 E501 line too long
You can specify this option to have it report whatever value you want
instead of stdin.
This defaults to: ``stdin``
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
cat file.py | flake8 --stdin-display-name=file.py -
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: --format=<format>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Select the formatter used to display errors to the user.
This defaults to: ``default``
By default, there are two formatters available:
- default
- pylint
Other formatters can be installed. Refer to their documentation for the
name to use to select them. Further, users can specify their own format
string. The variables available are:
- code
- col
- path
- row
- text
The default formatter has a format string of:
.. code-block:: python
'%(path)s:%(row)d:%(col)d: %(code)s %(text)s'
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --format=pylint dir/
flake8 --format='%(path)s::%(row)d,%(col)d::%(code)s::%(text)s' dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
format=pylint
format=%(path)s::%(row)d,%(col)d::%(code)s::%(text)s
.. option:: --hang-closing
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Toggle whether pycodestyle should enforce matching the indentation of the
opening bracket's line. When you specify this, it will prefer that you
hang the closing bracket rather than match the indentation.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --hang-closing dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
hang_closing = True
hang-closing = True
.. option:: --ignore=<errors>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Specify a list of codes to ignore. The list is expected to be
comma-separated, and does not need to specify an error code exactly.
Since |Flake8| 3.0, this **can** be combined with :option:`--select`. See
:option:`--select` for more information.
For example, if you wish to only ignore ``W234``, then you can specify
that. But if you want to ignore all codes that start with ``W23`` you
need only specify ``W23`` to ignore them. This also works for ``W2`` and
``W`` (for example).
This defaults to: ``E121,E123,E126,E226,E24,E704,W503,W504``
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --ignore=E121,E123 dir/
flake8 --ignore=E24,E704 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
ignore =
E121,
E123
ignore = E121,E123
.. option:: --extend-ignore=<errors>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
.. versionadded:: 3.6.0
Specify a list of codes to add to the list of ignored ones. Similar
considerations as in :option:`--ignore` apply here with regard to the
value.
The difference to the :option:`--ignore` option is, that this option can be
used to selectively add individual codes without overriding the default
list entirely.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --extend-ignore=E4,E51,W234 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
extend-ignore =
E4,
E51,
W234
extend-ignore = E4,E51,W234
.. option:: --per-file-ignores=<filename:errors>[ <filename:errors>]
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
.. versionadded:: 3.7.0
Specify a list of mappings of files and the codes that should be ignored
for the entirety of the file. This allows for a project to have a default
list of violations that should be ignored as well as file-specific
violations for files that have not been made compliant with the project
rules.
This option supports syntax similar to :option:`--exclude` such that glob
patterns will also work here.
This can be combined with both :option:`--ignore` and
:option:`--extend-ignore` to achieve a full flexibility of style options.
Command-line usage:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --per-file-ignores='project/__init__.py:F401 setup.py:E121'
flake8 --per-file-ignores='project/*/__init__.py:F401 setup.py:E121'
This **can** be specified in config files.
.. code-block:: ini
per-file-ignores =
project/__init__.py:F401
setup.py:E121
other_project/*:W9
.. option:: --max-line-length=<n>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Set the maximum length that any line (with some exceptions) may be.
Exceptions include lines that are either strings or comments which are
entirely URLs. For example:
.. code-block:: python
# https://some-super-long-domain-name.com/with/some/very/long/path
url = '''\
https://...
'''
This defaults to: ``79``
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --max-line-length 99 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
max-line-length = 79
.. option:: --max-doc-length=<n>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Set the maximum length that a comment or docstring line may be.
By default, there is no limit on documentation line length.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --max-doc-length 99 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
max-doc-length = 79
.. option:: --indent-size=<n>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Set the number of spaces used for indentation.
By default, 4.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --indent-size 2 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
indent-size = 2
.. option:: --select=<errors>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Specify the list of error codes you wish |Flake8| to report. Similarly to
:option:`--ignore`. You can specify a portion of an error code to get all
that start with that string. For example, you can use ``E``, ``E4``,
``E43``, and ``E431``.
This defaults to: ``E,F,W,C90``
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --select=E431,E5,W,F dir/
flake8 --select=E,W dir/
This can also be combined with :option:`--ignore`:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --select=E --ignore=E432 dir/
This will report all codes that start with ``E``, but ignore ``E432``
specifically. This is more flexibly than the |Flake8| 2.x and 1.x used
to be.
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
select =
E431,
W,
F
.. option:: --extend-select=<errors>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
.. versionadded:: 4.0.0
Specify a list of codes to add to the list of selected ones. Similar
considerations as in :option:`--select` apply here with regard to the
value.
The difference to the :option:`--select` option is, that this option can be
used to selectively add individual codes without overriding the default
list entirely.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --extend-select=E4,E51,W234 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
extend-select =
E4,
E51,
W234
.. option:: --disable-noqa
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Report all errors, even if it is on the same line as a ``# NOQA`` comment.
``# NOQA`` can be used to silence messages on specific lines. Sometimes,
users will want to see what errors are being silenced without editing the
file. This option allows you to see all the warnings, errors, etc.
reported.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --disable-noqa dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
disable_noqa = True
disable-noqa = True
.. option:: --show-source
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Print the source code generating the error/warning in question.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --show-source dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
show_source = True
show-source = True
.. option:: --statistics
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Count the number of occurrences of each error/warning code and
print a report.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --statistics
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
statistics = True
.. option:: --require-plugins=<names>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Require specific plugins to be installed before running.
This option takes a list of distribution names (usually the name you would
use when running ``pip install``).
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --require-plugins=flake8-2020,flake8-typing-extensions dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
require-plugins =
flake8-2020
flake8-typing-extensions
.. option:: --enable-extensions=<errors>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Enable off-by-default extensions.
Plugins to |Flake8| have the option of registering themselves as
off-by-default. These plugins will not be loaded unless enabled by this
option.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --enable-extensions=H111 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
enable-extensions =
H111,
G123
enable_extensions =
H111,
G123
.. option:: --exit-zero
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Force |Flake8| to use the exit status code 0 even if there are errors.
By default |Flake8| will exit with a non-zero integer if there are errors.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --exit-zero dir/
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: --jobs=<n>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Specify the number of subprocesses that |Flake8| will use to run checks in
parallel.
.. note::
This option is ignored on platforms where ``fork`` is not a
supported ``multiprocessing`` method.
This defaults to: ``auto``
The default behaviour will use the number of CPUs on your machine as
reported by :func:`multiprocessing.cpu_count`.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --jobs=8 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
jobs = 8
.. option:: --output-file=<path>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Redirect all output to the specified file.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --output-file=output.txt dir/
flake8 -vv --output-file=output.txt dir/
.. option:: --tee
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Also print output to stdout if output-file has been configured.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --tee --output-file=output.txt dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
tee = True
.. option:: --append-config=<config>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
.. versionadded:: 3.6.0
Provide extra config files to parse in after and in addition to the files
that |Flake8| found on its own. Since these files are the last ones read
into the Configuration Parser, so it has the highest precedence if it
provides an option specified in another config file.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --append-config=my-extra-config.ini dir/
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: --config=<config>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Provide a path to a config file that will be the only config file read and
used. This will cause |Flake8| to ignore all other config files that
exist.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --config=my-only-config.ini dir/
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: --isolated
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Ignore any config files and use |Flake8| as if there were no config files
found.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --isolated dir/
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: --builtins=<builtins>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Provide a custom list of builtin functions, objects, names, etc.
This allows you to let pyflakes know about builtins that it may
not immediately recognize so it does not report warnings for using
an undefined name.
This is registered by the default PyFlakes plugin.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --builtins=_,_LE,_LW dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
builtins =
_,
_LE,
_LW
.. option:: --doctests
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Enable PyFlakes syntax checking of doctests in docstrings.
This is registered by the default PyFlakes plugin.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --doctests dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
doctests = True
.. option:: --include-in-doctest=<paths>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Specify which files are checked by PyFlakes for doctest syntax.
This is registered by the default PyFlakes plugin.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --include-in-doctest=dir/subdir/file.py,dir/other/file.py dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
include-in-doctest =
dir/subdir/file.py,
dir/other/file.py
include_in_doctest =
dir/subdir/file.py,
dir/other/file.py
.. option:: --exclude-from-doctest=<paths>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Specify which files are not to be checked by PyFlakes for doctest syntax.
This is registered by the default PyFlakes plugin.
Command-line example:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --exclude-from-doctest=dir/subdir/file.py,dir/other/file.py dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
exclude-from-doctest =
dir/subdir/file.py,
dir/other/file.py
exclude_from_doctest =
dir/subdir/file.py,
dir/other/file.py
.. option:: --benchmark
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Collect and print benchmarks for this run of |Flake8|. This aggregates the
total number of:
- tokens
- physical lines
- logical lines
- files
and the number of elapsed seconds.
Command-line usage:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --benchmark dir/
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: --bug-report
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Generate information necessary to file a complete bug report for Flake8.
This will pretty-print a JSON blob that should be copied and pasted into a
bug report for Flake8.
Command-line usage:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --bug-report
The output should look vaguely like:
.. code-block:: js
{
"dependencies": [
{
"dependency": "setuptools",
"version": "25.1.1"
}
],
"platform": {
"python_implementation": "CPython",
"python_version": "2.7.12",
"system": "Darwin"
},
"plugins": [
{
"plugin": "mccabe",
"version": "0.5.1"
},
{
"plugin": "pycodestyle",
"version": "2.0.0"
},
{
"plugin": "pyflakes",
"version": "1.2.3"
}
],
"version": "3.1.0.dev0"
}
This **can not** be specified in config files.
.. option:: --max-complexity=<n>
:ref:`Go back to index <top>`
Set the maximum allowed McCabe complexity value for a block of code.
This option is provided by the ``mccabe`` dependency's |Flake8| plugin.
Command-line usage:
.. prompt:: bash
flake8 --max-complexity 15 dir/
This **can** be specified in config files.
Example config file usage:
.. code-block:: ini
max-complexity = 15