Add support for typing.Self (fix #5992)

[Youssefares]

Change Summary

add support for typing.Self introduced in python3.11 as property annotation.

Related issue number

fix #5992

Checklist

• The pull request title is a good summary of the changes - it will be used in the changelog
• Unit tests for the changes exist
• Tests pass on CI
• Documentation reflects the changes where applicable
• My PR is ready to review, please add a comment including the phrase "please review" to assign reviewers

Selected Reviewer: @adriangb

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #9023 will not alter performance

_{Comparing Youssefares:support-typing-self (cd37ddb) with main (534a446)}

Summary

✅ 10 untouched benchmarks

[Youssefares]

please review

[sydney-runkle]

Requested a few minor changes. Looks good overall!

@adriangb, are you ok with the stack-based implementation here?

I haven't done a deep dive, but I feel like maybe our 4 (or 5) stacks being passed around might be able to be simplified / unified somewhat...

[adriangb]

I think we maybe need some tests that verify python inheritance behavior, not just data shape. That is, something more along the lines of your original test @Youssefares. Also some json based tests.

[sydney-runkle]

I'm good with this stack based approach for now. I do think we could revisit consolidating some of the stack based logic, but that need not fit in this PR :).

[sydney-runkle]

@Youssefares,

If you're able to add those extra test cases that Adrian mentioned by the end of the week, we can include this in the 2.7 release. Thanks a bunch for your help 🚀 this is looking great so far!

[Youssefares]

Added more tests. Also realised more work is needed for use of Self inside other types referenced as properties or used with TypeAdapter. So a slight scope expansion with a couple more places to push to the stack and a few more tests.

Feedback appreciated!

[sydney-runkle]

@Youssefares,

Great work! Thanks for adding the additional tests for the additional use cases :). This will be a much appreciated feature in 2.7!!