Prefer .pyi stubs (#2375)

Exempt numpy from these changes for now

ChangeLog

@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ What's New in astroid 3.2.0?
 ============================
 Release date: TBA
 
+* ``.pyi`` stub files are now preferred over ``.py`` files when resolving imports, (except for numpy).
+
+  Closes pylint-dev/#9185
+
 * ``igetattr()`` returns the last same-named function in a class (instead of
   the first). This avoids false positives in pylint with ``@overload``.
 

astroid/interpreter/_import/spec.py

@@ -161,9 +161,14 @@ def find_module(
                 pass
             submodule_path = sys.path
 
+        # We're looping on pyi first because if a pyi exists there's probably a reason
+        # (i.e. the code is hard or impossible to parse), so we take pyi into account
+        # But we're not quite ready to do this for numpy, see https://github.com/pylint-dev/astroid/pull/2375
+        suffixes = (".pyi", ".py", importlib.machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES[0])
+        numpy_suffixes = (".py", ".pyi", importlib.machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES[0])
         for entry in submodule_path:
             package_directory = os.path.join(entry, modname)
-            for suffix in (".py", ".pyi", importlib.machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES[0]):
+            for suffix in numpy_suffixes if "numpy" in entry else suffixes:
                 package_file_name = "__init__" + suffix
                 file_path = os.path.join(package_directory, package_file_name)
                 if os.path.isfile(file_path):

astroid/modutils.py

@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@
 
 
 if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
-    PY_SOURCE_EXTS = ("py", "pyw", "pyi")
+    PY_SOURCE_EXTS = ("pyi", "pyw", "py")
     PY_COMPILED_EXTS = ("dll", "pyd")
 else:
-    PY_SOURCE_EXTS = ("py", "pyi")
+    PY_SOURCE_EXTS = ("pyi", "py")
     PY_COMPILED_EXTS = ("so",)
 
 
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ def get_source_file(filename: str, include_no_ext: bool = False) -> str:
     base, orig_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
     if orig_ext == ".pyi" and os.path.exists(f"{base}{orig_ext}"):
         return f"{base}{orig_ext}"
-    for ext in PY_SOURCE_EXTS:
+    for ext in PY_SOURCE_EXTS if "numpy" not in filename else reversed(PY_SOURCE_EXTS):
         source_path = f"{base}.{ext}"
         if os.path.exists(source_path):
             return source_path
@@ -671,7 +671,8 @@ def _has_init(directory: str) -> str | None:
     else return None.
     """
     mod_or_pack = os.path.join(directory, "__init__")
-    for ext in (*PY_SOURCE_EXTS, "pyc", "pyo"):
+    exts = reversed(PY_SOURCE_EXTS) if "numpy" in directory else PY_SOURCE_EXTS
+    for ext in (*exts, "pyc", "pyo"):
         if os.path.exists(mod_or_pack + "." + ext):
             return mod_or_pack + "." + ext
     return None

requirements_full.txt

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 # Packages used to run additional tests
 attrs
 nose
-numpy>=1.17.0; python_version<"3.11"
+numpy>=1.17.0; python_version<"3.12"
 python-dateutil
 PyQt6
 regex

tests/brain/test_attr.py

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class Eggs:
     def test_attrs_transform(self) -> None:
         """Test brain for decorators of the 'attrs' package.
 
-        Package added support for 'attrs' a long side 'attr' in v21.3.0.
+        Package added support for 'attrs' alongside 'attr' in v21.3.0.
         See: https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/releases/tag/21.3.0
         """
         module = astroid.parse(
@@ -153,36 +153,12 @@ class Eggs:
         @frozen
         class Legs:
             d = attrs.field(default=attrs.Factory(dict))
-
-        m = Legs(d=1)
-        m.d['answer'] = 42
-
-        @define
-        class FooBar:
-            d = attrs.field(default=attrs.Factory(dict))
-
-        n = FooBar(d=1)
-        n.d['answer'] = 42
-
-        @mutable
-        class BarFoo:
-            d = attrs.field(default=attrs.Factory(dict))
-
-        o = BarFoo(d=1)
-        o.d['answer'] = 42
-
-        @my_mutable
-        class FooFoo:
-            d = attrs.field(default=attrs.Factory(dict))
-
-        p = FooFoo(d=1)
-        p.d['answer'] = 42
         """
         )
 
-        for name in ("f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p"):
+        for name in ("f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l"):
             should_be_unknown = next(module.getattr(name)[0].infer()).getattr("d")[0]
-            self.assertIsInstance(should_be_unknown, astroid.Unknown)
+            self.assertIsInstance(should_be_unknown, astroid.Unknown, name)
 
     def test_special_attributes(self) -> None:
         """Make sure special attrs attributes exist"""

tests/test_modutils.py

@@ -291,11 +291,18 @@ def test(self) -> None:
     def test_raise(self) -> None:
         self.assertRaises(modutils.NoSourceFile, modutils.get_source_file, "whatever")
 
-    def test_(self) -> None:
+    def test_pyi(self) -> None:
         package = resources.find("pyi_data")
         module = os.path.join(package, "__init__.pyi")
         self.assertEqual(modutils.get_source_file(module), os.path.normpath(module))
 
+    def test_pyi_preferred(self) -> None:
+        package = resources.find("pyi_data/find_test")
+        module = os.path.join(package, "__init__.py")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            modutils.get_source_file(module), os.path.normpath(module) + "i"
+        )
+
 
 class IsStandardModuleTest(resources.SysPathSetup, unittest.TestCase):
     """