Add inference of Compare nodes (#979)

* Add inference for Compare nodes

Ref #846.

Identity checks are currently Uninferable as there is no sensible way to
infer that two Instances refer to the same object without accurately
modelling control flow.

Co-authored-by: Pierre Sassoulas <pierre.sassoulas@gmail.com>

astroid/inference.py

@@ -27,9 +27,11 @@
 """this module contains a set of functions to handle inference on astroid trees
 """
 
+import ast
 import functools
 import itertools
 import operator
+from typing import Any, Iterable
 
 import wrapt
 
@@ -790,6 +792,98 @@ def infer_binop(self, context=None):
 nodes.BinOp._infer_binop = _infer_binop
 nodes.BinOp._infer = infer_binop
 
+COMPARE_OPS = {
+    "==": operator.eq,
+    "!=": operator.ne,
+    "<": operator.lt,
+    "<=": operator.le,
+    ">": operator.gt,
+    ">=": operator.ge,
+    "in": lambda a, b: a in b,
+    "not in": lambda a, b: a not in b,
+}
+UNINFERABLE_OPS = {
+    "is",
+    "is not",
+}
+
+
+def _to_literal(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> Any:
+    # Can raise SyntaxError or ValueError from ast.literal_eval
+    # Is this the stupidest idea or the simplest idea?
+    return ast.literal_eval(node.as_string())
+
+
+def _do_compare(
+    left_iter: Iterable[nodes.NodeNG], op: str, right_iter: Iterable[nodes.NodeNG]
+) -> "bool | type[util.Uninferable]":
+    """
+    If all possible combinations are either True or False, return that:
+    >>> _do_compare([1, 2], '<=', [3, 4])
+    True
+    >>> _do_compare([1, 2], '==', [3, 4])
+    False
+
+    If any item is uninferable, or if some combinations are True and some
+    are False, return Uninferable:
+    >>> _do_compare([1, 3], '<=', [2, 4])
+    util.Uninferable
+    """
+    retval = None
+    if op in UNINFERABLE_OPS:
+        return util.Uninferable
+    op_func = COMPARE_OPS[op]
+
+    for left, right in itertools.product(left_iter, right_iter):
+        if left is util.Uninferable or right is util.Uninferable:
+            return util.Uninferable
+
+        try:
+            left, right = _to_literal(left), _to_literal(right)
+        except (SyntaxError, ValueError):
+            return util.Uninferable
+
+        try:
+            expr = op_func(left, right)
+        except TypeError as exc:
+            raise AstroidTypeError from exc
+
+        if retval is None:
+            retval = expr
+        elif retval != expr:
+            return util.Uninferable
+            # (or both, but "True | False" is basically the same)
+
+    return retval  # it was all the same value
+
+
+def _infer_compare(self: nodes.Compare, context: InferenceContext) -> Any:
+    """Chained comparison inference logic."""
+    retval = True
+
+    ops = self.ops
+    left_node = self.left
+    lhs = list(left_node.infer(context=context))
+    # should we break early if first element is uninferable?
+    for op, right_node in ops:
+        # eagerly evaluate rhs so that values can be re-used as lhs
+        rhs = list(right_node.infer(context=context))
+        try:
+            retval = _do_compare(lhs, op, rhs)
+        except AstroidTypeError:
+            retval = util.Uninferable
+            break
+        if retval is not True:
+            break  # short-circuit
+        lhs = rhs  # continue
+    if retval is util.Uninferable:
+        yield retval
+    else:
+        yield nodes.Const(retval)
+
+
+nodes.Compare._infer = _infer_compare
+
 
 def _infer_augassign(self, context=None):
     """Inference logic for augmented binary operations."""

tests/unittest_inference.py

@@ -5280,6 +5280,261 @@ def f(**kwargs):
         assert next(extract_node(code).infer()).as_string() == "{'f': 1}"
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "op,result",
+    [
+        ("<", False),
+        ("<=", True),
+        ("==", True),
+        (">=", True),
+        (">", False),
+        ("!=", False),
+    ],
+)
+def test_compare(op, result) -> None:
+    code = """
+    123 {} 123
+    """.format(
+        op
+    )
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value == result
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xfail(reason="uninferable")
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "op,result",
+    [
+        ("is", True),
+        ("is not", False),
+    ],
+)
+def test_compare_identity(op, result) -> None:
+    code = """
+    obj = object()
+    obj {} obj
+    """.format(
+        op
+    )
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value == result
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "op,result",
+    [
+        ("in", True),
+        ("not in", False),
+    ],
+)
+def test_compare_membership(op, result) -> None:
+    code = """
+    1 {} [1, 2, 3]
+    """.format(
+        op
+    )
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value == result
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "lhs,rhs,result",
+    [
+        (1, 1, True),
+        (1, 1.1, True),
+        (1.1, 1, False),
+        (1.0, 1.0, True),
+        ("abc", "def", True),
+        ("abc", "", False),
+        ([], [1], True),
+        ((1, 2), (2, 3), True),
+        ((1, 0), (1,), False),
+        (True, True, True),
+        (True, False, False),
+        (False, 1, True),
+        (1 + 0j, 2 + 0j, util.Uninferable),
+        (+0.0, -0.0, True),
+        (0, "1", util.Uninferable),
+        (b"\x00", b"\x01", True),
+    ],
+)
+def test_compare_lesseq_types(lhs, rhs, result) -> None:
+    code = """
+    {lhs!r} <= {rhs!r}
+    """.format(
+        lhs=lhs, rhs=rhs
+    )
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value == result
+
+
+def test_compare_chained() -> None:
+    code = """
+    3 < 5 > 3
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value is True
+
+
+def test_compare_inferred_members() -> None:
+    code = """
+    a = 11
+    b = 13
+    a < b
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value is True
+
+
+def test_compare_instance_members() -> None:
+    code = """
+    class A:
+        value = 123
+    class B:
+        @property
+        def value(self):
+            return 456
+    A().value < B().value
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xfail(reason="unimplemented")
+def test_compare_dynamic() -> None:
+    code = """
+    class A:
+        def __le__(self, other):
+            return True
+    A() <= None
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value is True
+
+
+def test_compare_uninferable_member() -> None:
+    code = """
+    from unknown import UNKNOWN
+    0 <= UNKNOWN
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred is util.Uninferable
+
+
+def test_compare_chained_comparisons_shortcircuit_on_false() -> None:
+    code = """
+    from unknown import UNKNOWN
+    2 < 1 < UNKNOWN
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred.value is False
+
+
+def test_compare_chained_comparisons_continue_on_true() -> None:
+    code = """
+    from unknown import UNKNOWN
+    1 < 2 < UNKNOWN
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = next(node.infer())
+    assert inferred is util.Uninferable
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xfail(reason="unimplemented")
+def test_compare_known_false_branch() -> None:
+    code = """
+    a = 'hello'
+    if 1 < 2:
+        a = 'goodbye'
+    a
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = list(node.infer())
+    assert len(inferred) == 1
+    assert isinstance(inferred[0], nodes.Const)
+    assert inferred[0].value == "hello"
+
+
+def test_compare_ifexp_constant() -> None:
+    code = """
+    a = 'hello' if 1 < 2 else 'goodbye'
+    a
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = list(node.infer())
+    assert len(inferred) == 1
+    assert isinstance(inferred[0], nodes.Const)
+    assert inferred[0].value == "hello"
+
+
+def test_compare_typeerror() -> None:
+    code = """
+    123 <= "abc"
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = list(node.infer())
+    assert len(inferred) == 1
+    assert inferred[0] is util.Uninferable
+
+
+def test_compare_multiple_possibilites() -> None:
+    code = """
+    from unknown import UNKNOWN
+    a = 1
+    if UNKNOWN:
+        a = 2
+    b = 3
+    if UNKNOWN:
+        b = 4
+    a < b
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = list(node.infer())
+    assert len(inferred) == 1
+    # All possible combinations are true: (1 < 3), (1 < 4), (2 < 3), (2 < 4)
+    assert inferred[0].value is True
+
+
+def test_compare_ambiguous_multiple_possibilites() -> None:
+    code = """
+    from unknown import UNKNOWN
+    a = 1
+    if UNKNOWN:
+        a = 3
+    b = 2
+    if UNKNOWN:
+        b = 4
+    a < b
+    """
+    node = extract_node(code)
+    inferred = list(node.infer())
+    assert len(inferred) == 1
+    # Not all possible combinations are true: (1 < 2), (1 < 4), (3 !< 2), (3 < 4)
+    assert inferred[0] is util.Uninferable
+
+
+def test_compare_nonliteral() -> None:
+    code = """
+    def func(a, b):
+        return (a, b) <= (1, 2) #@
+    """
+    return_node = extract_node(code)
+    node = return_node.value
+    inferred = list(node.infer())  # should not raise ValueError
+    assert len(inferred) == 1
+    assert inferred[0] is util.Uninferable
+
+
 def test_limit_inference_result_amount() -> None:
     """Test setting limit inference result amount"""
     code = """
@@ -5560,7 +5815,7 @@ def method(self):
         """,
     ],
 )
-def test_subclass_of_exception(code):
+def test_subclass_of_exception(code) -> None:
     inferred = next(extract_node(code).infer())
     assert isinstance(inferred, Instance)
     args = next(inferred.igetattr("args"))
@@ -5721,7 +5976,7 @@ def test(self):
         ),
     ],
 )
-def test_inference_is_limited_to_the_boundnode(code, instance_name):
+def test_inference_is_limited_to_the_boundnode(code, instance_name) -> None:
     node = extract_node(code)
     inferred = next(node.infer())
     assert isinstance(inferred, Instance)