prevent log10 L_op from upcasting

[tvwenger]

Description

Prevent log10 L_op from upcasting.

Related Issue

• Closes BUG: log10 gradient introduces float64 #667

Checklist

• Checked that the pre-commit linting/style checks pass
• Included tests that prove the fix is effective or that the new feature works
• Added necessary documentation (docstrings and/or example notebooks)
• If you are a pro: each commit corresponds to a relevant logical change

Type of change

• New feature / enhancement
• Bug fix
• Documentation
• Maintenance
• Other (please specify):

[tvwenger]

I just copied the logic from log2, but I noticed that, in general, the way that each function handles the type casting in its L_op is wildly different.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 80.83%. Comparing base (61c15af) to head (1fd0851).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #668   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   80.83%   80.83%           
=======================================
  Files         162      162           
  Lines       46830    46830           
  Branches    11446    11446           
=======================================
  Hits        37857    37857           
  Misses       6710     6710           
  Partials     2263     2263           

Files	Coverage Δ
pytensor/scalar/basic.py	80.25% <100.00%> (ø)

[ricardoV94]

Thanks @tvwenger