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VCS Support

pip supports installing from various version control systems (VCS). This support requires a working executable to be available (for the version control system being used). It is used through URL prefixes:

  • Git -- git+
  • Mercurial -- hg+
  • Subversion -- svn+
  • Bazaar -- bzr+

Supported VCS

Git

The supported schemes are git+file, git+https, git+ssh, git+http, git+git and git. Here are some of the supported forms:

MyProject @ git+ssh://git.example.com/MyProject
MyProject @ git+file:///home/user/projects/MyProject
MyProject @ git+https://git.example.com/MyProject

The use of `git`, `git+git`, and `git+http` schemes is discouraged.
The former two use [the Git Protocol], which lacks authentication, and HTTP is
insecure due to lack of TLS based encryption.

It is also possible to specify a "git ref" such as branch name, a commit hash or a tag name:

MyProject @ git+https://git.example.com/MyProject.git@master
MyProject @ git+https://git.example.com/MyProject.git@v1.0
MyProject @ git+https://git.example.com/MyProject.git@da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709
MyProject @ git+https://git.example.com/MyProject.git@refs/pull/123/head

When passing a commit hash, specifying a full hash is preferable to a partial hash because a full hash allows pip to operate more efficiently (e.g. by making fewer network calls).

Mercurial

The supported schemes are hg+file, hg+http, hg+https, hg+ssh and hg+static-http. Here are some of the supported forms:

MyProject @ hg+http://hg.myproject.org/MyProject
MyProject @ hg+https://hg.myproject.org/MyProject
MyProject @ hg+ssh://hg.myproject.org/MyProject
MyProject @ hg+file:///home/user/projects/MyProject

It is also possible to specify a revision number, a revision hash, a tag name or a local branch name:

MyProject @ hg+http://hg.example.com/MyProject@da39a3ee5e6b
MyProject @ hg+http://hg.example.com/MyProject@2019
MyProject @ hg+http://hg.example.com/MyProject@v1.0
MyProject @ hg+http://hg.example.com/MyProject@special_feature

Subversion

The supported schemes are svn, svn+svn, svn+http, svn+https and svn+ssh. Here are some of the supported forms:

MyProject @svn+https://svn.example.com/MyProject
MyProject @svn+ssh://svn.example.com/MyProject
MyProject @svn+ssh://user@svn.example.com/MyProject

You can also give specific revisions to an SVN URL, like so:

MyProject @ -e svn+http://svn.example.com/svn/MyProject/trunk@2019
MyProject @ -e svn+http://svn.example.com/svn/MyProject/trunk@{20080101}

Note that you need to use Editable VCS installs for using specific revisions from Subversion.

Bazaar

The supported schemes are bzr+http, bzr+https, bzr+ssh, bzr+sftp, bzr+ftp and bzr+lp. Here are the supported forms:

MyProject @ bzr+http://bzr.example.com/MyProject/trunk
MyProject @ bzr+sftp://user@example.com/MyProject/trunk
MyProject @ bzr+ssh://user@example.com/MyProject/trunk
MyProject @ bzr+ftp://user@example.com/MyProject/trunk
MyProject @ bzr+lp:MyProject

Tags or revisions can be installed like so:

MyProject @ bzr+https://bzr.example.com/MyProject/trunk@2019
MyProject @ bzr+http://bzr.example.com/MyProject/trunk@v1.0

(editable-vcs-installs)=

Editable VCS installs

VCS projects can be installed in {ref}editable mode <editable-installs> (using the {ref}--editable <install_--editable> option) or not.

  • The default clone location (for editable installs) is:

    • <venv path>/src/SomeProject in virtual environments
    • <cwd>/src/SomeProject for global Python installs

    The {ref}--src <install_--src> option can be used to modify this location.

  • For non-editable installs, the project is built locally in a temp dir and then installed normally.

Note that if a satisfactory version of the package is already installed, the VCS source will not overwrite it without an --upgrade flag. Further, pip looks at the package version, at the target revision to determine what action to take on the VCS requirement (not the commit itself).

The {ref}pip freeze subcommand will record the VCS requirement specifier (referencing a specific commit) only if the install is done with the editable option.

URL fragments

pip looks at 2 fragments for VCS URLs:

  • egg: For specifying the "project name" for use in pip's dependency resolution logic. eg: egg=project_name
  • subdirectory: For specifying the path to the Python package, when it is not in the root of the VCS directory. eg: pkg_dir
If your repository layout is:

```
pkg_dir
├── setup.py  # setup.py for package "pkg"
└── some_module.py
other_dir
└── some_file
some_other_file
```

Then, to install from this repository, the syntax would be:

```{pip-cli}
$ pip install -e "vcs+protocol://repo_url/#egg=pkg&subdirectory=pkg_dir"
```