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:mod:`!ftplib` --- FTP protocol client

.. module:: ftplib
   :synopsis: FTP protocol client (requires sockets).

Source code: :source:`Lib/ftplib.py`

.. index::
   pair: FTP; protocol
   single: FTP; ftplib (standard module)

This module defines the class :class:`FTP` and a few related items. The :class:`FTP` class implements the client side of the FTP protocol. You can use this to write Python programs that perform a variety of automated FTP jobs, such as mirroring other FTP servers. It is also used by the module :mod:`urllib.request` to handle URLs that use FTP. For more information on FTP (File Transfer Protocol), see internet RFC 959.

The default encoding is UTF-8, following RFC 2640.

Here's a sample session using the :mod:`ftplib` module:

>>> from ftplib import FTP
>>> ftp = FTP('ftp.us.debian.org')  # connect to host, default port
>>> ftp.login()                     # user anonymous, passwd anonymous@
'230 Login successful.'
>>> ftp.cwd('debian')               # change into "debian" directory
'250 Directory successfully changed.'
>>> ftp.retrlines('LIST')           # list directory contents
-rw-rw-r--    1 1176     1176         1063 Jun 15 10:18 README
...
drwxr-sr-x    5 1176     1176         4096 Dec 19  2000 pool
drwxr-sr-x    4 1176     1176         4096 Nov 17  2008 project
drwxr-xr-x    3 1176     1176         4096 Oct 10  2012 tools
'226 Directory send OK.'
>>> with open('README', 'wb') as fp:
>>>     ftp.retrbinary('RETR README', fp.write)
'226 Transfer complete.'
>>> ftp.quit()
'221 Goodbye.'

Reference

FTP objects

FTP_TLS objects

Module variables

.. exception:: error_reply

   Exception raised when an unexpected reply is received from the server.



.. exception:: error_temp

   Exception raised when an error code signifying a temporary error (response
   codes in the range 400--499) is received.



.. exception:: error_perm

   Exception raised when an error code signifying a permanent error (response
   codes in the range 500--599) is received.



.. exception:: error_proto

   Exception raised when a reply is received from the server that does not fit
   the response specifications of the File Transfer Protocol, i.e. begin with a
   digit in the range 1--5.



.. data:: all_errors

   The set of all exceptions (as a tuple) that methods of :class:`FTP`
   instances may raise as a result of problems with the FTP connection (as
   opposed to programming errors made by the caller).  This set includes the
   four exceptions listed above as well as :exc:`OSError` and :exc:`EOFError`.



.. seealso::

   Module :mod:`netrc`
      Parser for the :file:`.netrc` file format.  The file :file:`.netrc` is
      typically used by FTP clients to load user authentication information
      before prompting the user.