Fix crash in daemon mode on new import cycle

[ilevkivskyi]

Fixes #14329

This fixes the second crash reported in the issue (other one is already fixed). This one is tricky, it looks like it happens only when we bring in a new import cycle in an incremental update with --follow-import=normal. To explain the reason, a little reminder of how semantic analyzer passes work:

• Originally, we recorded progress automatically when some new symbol was resolved and added to symbol tables.
• With implementation of recursive types, this mechanism was insufficient, as recursive types require modifying some symbols in place, this is why force_progress flag was added to defer().
• I was only careful with this flag for recursive type aliases (that were implemented first), for other things (like recursive TypedDicts, etc) I just always passed force_progress=True (without checking if we actually resolved some placeholder types).
• The reasoning for that is if we ever add becomes_typeinfo=True, there is no way this symbol will later be unresolved (otherwise how would we know this is something that is a type).
• It turns out this reasoning doesn't work in some edge cases in daemon mode, we do put some placeholders with becomes_typeinfo=True for symbols imported from modules that were not yet processed, thus causing a crash (see test cases).
• There were two options to fix this: one is to stop creating placeholders with becomes_typeinfo=True for unimported symbols in daemon mode, other one is to always carefully check if in-place update of a symbol actually resulted in progress.
• Ultimately I decided that the first way is too fragile (and I don't understand how import following works for daemon anyway), and the second way is something that is technically correct anyway, so here is this PR

I didn't add test cases for each of the crash scenarios, since they are all very similar. I only added two that I encountered "in the wild", upper bound and tuple base caused actual crash in trio stubs, plus also randomly a test for a TypedDict crash.

EDIT: and one more thing, the "cannot resolve name" error should never appear in normal mode, only in daemon update (see reasoning above), so I don't make those error messages detailed, just add some minimal info if we will need to debug them.

[github-actions]

According to mypy_primer, this change has no effect on the checked open source code. 🤖🎉

[JukkaL]

Great detective work! Looks good.