[Vulkan] Fix static analysis errors in vulkan_quantized_api_test.cpp (#…

…97400)

Summary:
Fixes many static analysis and linter issues present in vulkan_quantized_api_test.cpp.
Replaces C-style rand function by Cpp rand functions.

Test Plan:
```
buck run --target-platforms ovr_config//platform/macos:arm64-fbsource -c pt.vulkan_full_precision=1 //xplat/caffe2:pt_vulkan_quantized_api_test_binAppleMac\#macosx-arm64
```

Differential Revision: D44315235

Pull Request resolved: #97400
Approved by: https://github.com/kimishpatel