./attributes.adoc = {project-name} - Testing Your Application
Learn how to test your Quarkus Application. This guide covers:
-
Testing in JVM mode
-
Testing in native mode
-
Injection of resources into tests
To complete this guide, you need:
-
less than 15 minutes
-
an IDE
-
JDK 1.8+ installed with
JAVA_HOME
configured appropriately -
Apache Maven 3.5.3+
-
The completed greeter application from the Getting Started Guide
In this guide, we expand on the initial test that was created as part of the Getting Started Guide. We cover injection into tests and also how to test native executables.
We recommend that you follow the instructions in the next sections and create the application step by step. However, you can go right to the completed example.
Clone the Git repository: git clone {quickstarts-clone-url}
, or download an {quickstarts-archive-url}[archive].
The solution is located in the getting-started-testing
directory.
This guide assumes you already have the completed application from the getting-started
directory.
If you have started from the Getting Started example you should already have a completed test, including the correct
pom.xml
setup.
In the pom.xml
file you should see 2 test dependencies:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
<artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
<version>${quarkus.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>{restassured-version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
quarkus-junit5
is required for testing, as it provides the @QuarkusTest
annotation that controls the testing framework.
rest-assured
is not required but is a convenient way to test HTTP endpoints, we also provide integration that automatically
sets the correct URL so no configuration is required.
Because we are using JUnit 5, the version of the Surefire Maven Plugin must be set, as the default version does not support Junit 5:
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<systemProperties>
<java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
</systemProperties>
</configuration>
</plugin>
We also set the java.util.logging
system property to make sure tests will use the correct logmanager.
The project should also contain a simple test:
package org.acme.quickstart;
import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.util.UUID;
import static io.restassured.RestAssured.given;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
@QuarkusTest
public class GreetingResourceTest {
@Test
public void testHelloEndpoint() {
given()
.when().get("/hello")
.then()
.statusCode(200)
.body(is("hello"));
}
@Test
public void testGreetingEndpoint() {
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
given()
.pathParam("name", uuid)
.when().get("/hello/greeting/{name}")
.then()
.statusCode(200)
.body(is("hello " + uuid));
}
}
This test uses HTTP to directly test our REST endpoint. When the test is run the application will be started before the test is run.
While Quarkus will listen on port 8080
by default, when running tests it defaults to 8081
. This allows you to run
tests while having the application running in parallel.
Tip
|
Changing the test port
You can configure the port used by tests by configuring
|
Quarkus also provides Restassured integration that updates the default port used by Restassured before the tests are run, so no additional configuration should be required.
It is also possible to directly inject the URL into the test which can make is easy to use a different client. This is
done via the @TestHTTPResource
annotation.
Lets write a simple test that shows this off to load some static resources. First create a simple HTML file in
src/main/resources/META-INF/resources/index.html
:
<html>
<head>
<title>Testing Guide</title>
</head>
<body>
Information about testing
</body>
</html>
We will create a simple test to ensure that this is being served correctly:
package org.acme.quickstart;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import io.quarkus.test.common.http.TestHTTPResource;
import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
@QuarkusTest
public class StaticContentTest {
@TestHTTPResource("index.html") // (1)
URL url;
@Test
public void testIndexHtml() throws Exception {
try (InputStream in = url.openStream()) {
String contents = readStream(in);
Assertions.assertTrue(contents.contains("<title>Testing Guide</title>"));
}
}
private static String readStream(InputStream in) throws IOException {
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
int r;
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while ((r = in.read(data)) > 0) {
out.write(data, 0, r);
}
return new String(out.toByteArray(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
}
-
This annotation allows you to directly inject the URL of the Quarkus instance, the value of the annotation will be the path component of the URL
For now @TestHTTPResource
allows you to inject URI
, URL
and String
representations of the URL.
So far we have only covered integration style tests that test the app via HTTP endpoints, but what if we want to do unit testing and test our beans directly?
Quarkus supports this by allowing you to inject CDI beans into your tests via the @Inject
annotation. Lets create a
simple test that tests the greeting service directly without using HTTP:
package org.acme.quickstart;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
@QuarkusTest
public class GreetingServiceTest {
@Inject //(1)
GreetingService service;
@Test
public void testGreetingService() {
Assertions.assertEquals("hello Quarkus", service.greeting("Quarkus"));
}
}
-
The
GreetingService
bean will be injected into the test
Quarkus supports the use of mock objects using the CDI @Alternative
mechanism. To use this simply override the bean
you wish to mock with a class in the src/test/java
directory, and put the @Alternative
and @Priority(1)
annotations
on the bean. For example if I have the following service:
@ApplicationScoped
public class ExternalService {
public String service() {
return "external";
}
}
I could mock it with the following class in src/test/java
:
@Alternative()
@Priority(1)
@ApplicationScoped
public class MockExternalService extends ExternalService {
@Override
public String service() {
return "mock";
}
}
It is important that the alternative be present in the src/test/java
directory rather than src/main/java
, as otherwise
it will take effect all the time, not just when testing.
Note that at present this approach does not work with native image testing, as this would required the test alternatives to be baked into the native image.
There are a few system properties that can be used to tune the bootstrap of the test, specifically its classpath.
-
quarkus-bootstrap-offline - (boolean) if set by the user, depending on the value, will enable or disable the offline mode for the Maven artifact resolver used by the bootstrap to resolve the deployment dependencies of the Quarkus extensions used in the test. If the property is not set to any value, the artifact resolver will use the system’s default (user’s
settings.xml
). -
quarkus-workspace-discovery - (boolean) controls whether the bootstrap artifact resolver should look for the test dependencies among the projects in the current workspace and use their output (
classes
) directories when setting up the classpath for the test to run. The default value is true. -
quarkus-classpath-cache - (boolean) enables or disables the bootstrap classpath cache. With the number of the project dependencies growing, the dependency resolution will take more time which could at some point become annoying. The Quarkus bootstrap allows to cache the resolved classpath and store it in the output directory of the project. The cached classpath will be recalculated only after any of the
pom.xml
file in the workspace has been changed. The cache directory is also removed each time the project’s output directory is cleaned, of course. The default value is true.
It is also possible to test native executables using @SubstrateTest
. This supports all the features mentioned in this
guide except injecting into tests (and the native executable runs in a separate non-JVM process this is not really possible).
This is covered in the Native Executable Guide.