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MikeBishop committed Jul 9, 2020
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HTTP semantics {{!SEMANTICS=I-D.ietf-httpbis-semantics}} are used for a broad
range of services on the Internet. These semantics have most commonly been used
with HTTP/1.1, over a variety of transport and session layers, and with HTTP/2 over TLS.
HTTP/3 supports the same semantics over a new transport protocol, QUIC.
with HTTP/1.1, over a variety of transport and session layers, and with HTTP/2
over TLS. HTTP/3 supports the same semantics over a new transport protocol,
QUIC.

## Prior versions of HTTP

HTTP/1.1 {{?HTTP11=I-D.ietf-httpbis-messaging}} uses
whitespace-delimited text fields to convey HTTP messages. While these exchanges
are human-readable, using whitespace for message formatting leads to parsing
complexity and excessive tolerance of variant behavior. Because HTTP/1.x does
not include a multiplexing layer, multiple TCP connections are often used to
service requests in parallel. However, that has a negative impact on congestion
control and network efficiency, since TCP does not share congestion control
across multiple connections.
HTTP/1.1 {{?HTTP11=I-D.ietf-httpbis-messaging}} uses whitespace-delimited text
fields to convey HTTP messages. While these exchanges are human-readable, using
whitespace for message formatting leads to parsing complexity and excessive
tolerance of variant behavior. Because HTTP/1.x does not include a multiplexing
layer, multiple TCP connections are often used to service requests in parallel.
However, that has a negative impact on congestion control and network
efficiency, since TCP does not share congestion control across multiple
connections.

HTTP/2 {{?HTTP2=RFC7540}} introduced a binary framing and multiplexing layer to
improve latency without modifying the transport layer. However, because the
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