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Getting Started With Encrypted Mempool

Rust Setup

First, Install rust using the rustup toolchain installer, then run:

rustup show

Single-Node Development Chain

Use Rust's native cargo command to build and launch the template node:

You first need to setup up the node, which means you need to load the genesis state into your file system.

cargo run --bin madara --release -- setup --chain=dev --from-remote

Now, you can start the node in development mode with encrypted mempool

To use the encrypted mempool feature, you need to start Madara with the --encrypted-mempool flag. This activates the encrypted mempool functionality, allowing the node to handle encrypted transactions.

# Start the node in development mode with encrypted mempool
cargo run --bin madara --release -- --dev --encrypted-mempool

Encrypted Mempool

Madara now has an encrypted mempool feature providing censorship / MEV resistance through trustless environment where users don’t have to trust sequencers. Sequencers don’t have any knowledge on the contents of transactions until the block is determined, making the process trustless.

Concepts

Encrypted mempool determines the transaction order and provides the function to decrypt the encrypted transaction using a time-lock puzzle. As transactions are encrypted, it prevents censorship and MEV attacks. Additionally, users can simplify the decryption process by providing a decryption key(currently being implemented). Even without the decryption key, it's still possible to decrypt the transaction through additional computations.

Key Features

  1. Encrypt: Transactions are encrypted with timelock-puzzle before broadcasting
  2. Commit: Sequencer creates order commitment of encrypted transactions
  3. Decrypt: Sequencer solves Timelock puzzle to decrypt transactions
  4. Sequencing: Sequencer builds block as promised in order commitment

Encrypted mempool examples

The encrypted mempool introduces three additional APIs

  • starknet_encrypteInvokeTransaction (for testing)
  • starknet_decryptEncryptedInvokeTransaction (for testing)
  • starknet_addEncryptedInvokeTransaction

Other functions (for DeclareTransaction & DeployTransaction and provideDecryptionKey..) are currently under development.

Offering a brief overview of usage as follows:

  1. starknet_encryptInvokeTransaction: The transaction as EncryptedInvokeTransaction should be provided on the client side, and there should not be need to manually encrypt the InvokeTrasaction to EncryptedInvokeTrasaction. Currently, as a workaround, you can manually convert an InvokeTransaction into an EncryptedInvokeTransaction and submit it via the starknet_addInvokeTransaction API. Below is an example of how to encrypt the InvokedTransaction.

    curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"starknet_encryptInvokeTransaction", "params":{
        "invoke_transaction": {
            "sender_address":"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001",
            "calldata": [
                "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001111",
                "0x36fa6de2810d05c3e1a0ebe23f60b9c2f4629bbead09e5a9704e1c5632630d5",
                "0x0"
            ],
            "type": "INVOKE",
            "max_fee": "0xbc614e",
            "version":"0x1",
            "signature":[
                "0x0",
                "0x0"
            ],
            "nonce":"0x0",
            "offset_version": "0x0"
        },
        "t": 21
    }, "id":1}' http://localhost:9944

  2. starknet_decryptEncryptedInvokeTransaction: API for test that decrypts an EncryptedInvokeTransaction, and return the decrypted InvokeTransaction as result.

    curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"starknet_decryptEncryptedInvokeTransaction", "params":{
        "encrypted_invoke_transaction": {
            "encrypted_data": [
                "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"
            ],
            "nonce": "b6fc5414f5d840407634125a164b829d07fab68c65e445d811d0e5747c8f7b2c",
            "t": 21,
            "g": "382050312305592825275638071519082809123314586421603966245918330320565386947189362537042566359900465745756796222333843463258127509350883957404923512162726572427100423628537017599195391268622565942002029755085933238994019446944971348480458536665640676388242255291606596404874975216479394636640208795858726794957992174507593972794610110344730066272020737129489406809778853709284271571861059524799330201454851967898626826454271906638935119605086096266941103128912750328529076850600133166971864899891267773425556764853409932887861178039474089869642553970378636992210186260740904184077939641268683497743609506050708015380",
            "n": "625759200465258705356572421693925323556086799529081781449298661638763787690898175613664915514646655883097527442780074460020495364179629386109119548884721632772146255526253778178954164346555794556534375589445216499096025920398002021282560646095796082868834236691804564600529385746409792551324847608421832366095631372475412608877289133797255375236469231312544403490031287284029596871573739927797699040565314000327958226215014395200378065886996725281876689888032170308715493156690754124916012752697105590541940952448726172947639444751566850535289955954097224323749158260168220512633739357115412682852716685827459574361"
        }
    }, "id":1}' http://localhost:9944

    Above, t, encrypted_data, nonce, g, and n are parameters used for encryption and decryption through VDF(time-lock puzzle).

    • t
      t represents the time parameter used in a VDF. It determines the amount of time required for the computation. The larger the value of t, the longer the computation takes.

    • encrypted_data
      The encrypted data is generated with the following steps: By using a VDF setup, the decryption key is created based on the t value. decryption key is then used to generate a Poseidon secret key with Poseidon encryption. InvokeTransaction(as a string) is encrypted with Poseidon secret key, resulting in hex-encoded data.

    • nonce
      The nonce is a random value for the permutation operation required for Poseidon encryption. To ensure proper decryption, it is necessary to have a nonce identical to the encrypted nonce to set the initial state.

    • g and n
      Parameters generated during the VDF setup. g is a RSA group generator, and n is the modulus.

  3. starknet_addEncryptedInvokeTransaction: This API adds an EncryptedInvokeTransaction to the Encrypted Mempool, and generates an transaction order and signature.
    (If added into the Encrypted mempool, the EncryptedInvokeTransaction is decrypted and submitted when the block-proposer applies extrinsic.)

    curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"starknet_addEncryptedInvokeTransaction", "params":{
        "encrypted_invoke_transaction": {
            "encrypted_data": [
                "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"
            ],
            "nonce": "b6fc5414f5d840407634125a164b829d07fab68c65e445d811d0e5747c8f7b2c",
            "t": 21,
            "g": "382050312305592825275638071519082809123314586421603966245918330320565386947189362537042566359900465745756796222333843463258127509350883957404923512162726572427100423628537017599195391268622565942002029755085933238994019446944971348480458536665640676388242255291606596404874975216479394636640208795858726794957992174507593972794610110344730066272020737129489406809778853709284271571861059524799330201454851967898626826454271906638935119605086096266941103128912750328529076850600133166971864899891267773425556764853409932887861178039474089869642553970378636992210186260740904184077939641268683497743609506050708015380",
            "n": "625759200465258705356572421693925323556086799529081781449298661638763787690898175613664915514646655883097527442780074460020495364179629386109119548884721632772146255526253778178954164346555794556534375589445216499096025920398002021282560646095796082868834236691804564600529385746409792551324847608421832366095631372475412608877289133797255375236469231312544403490031287284029596871573739927797699040565314000327958226215014395200378065886996725281876689888032170308715493156690754124916012752697105590541940952448726172947639444751566850535289955954097224323749158260168220512633739357115412682852716685827459574361"
        }
    }, "id":1}' http://localhost:9944

    Using the starknet_getBlockWithTxs, we can see that the transaction has been added to the block.

    curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"starknet_getBlockWithTxs", "params":{
        "block_id": {
            "block_number": 3
        }
    }, "id":1}' http://localhost:9944