Warn if frameworks are loaded too early

[runephilosof-abtion]

If you use a gem that loads the Rails framework too early, you will get various problems.

Examples of issues that are caused by gems loading Rails incorrectly (from #46047 (comment))

• Rails 5.0.0beta2: Weird behaviour of config belongs_to_required_by_default #23589
• Rails 5 belongs_to_required_by_default not working #27844
• new_framework_defaults loads too late #33283
• ActiveRecord::Base.cache_versioning is false even tough Rails.application.config.active_record.cache_versioning set to true #36322
• return_false_on_aborted_enqueue setting not working #37030

Fixes to gems that loaded Rails too early

• 2.66 forces ActionView to load too soon ViewComponent/view_component#1507
• Delayed::Job no longer defined in initializers collectiveidea/delayed_job_active_record#185

Pull requests that try to make Rails warn about this problem, when your Rails code has been loaded too early

• Create Finisher initializer to warn for components used too early: #38024
• Warn if frameworks are loaded too early #46047

This issue is here to track the efforts to fix this issue. It seems both above PRs are stalled.

Steps to reproduce

  # config/initializers/000_some_initializer.rb
  ActiveRecord::Base.configurations # Make use of AR::Base which hasn't been loaded yet

  # config/initializers/new_framework_defaults.rb
  Rails.application.config.active_record.collection_cache_versioning = false
  # Setting this configuration won't do anything since ActiveRecord::Base is already
  # loaded and the `set_configs` initializer has already iterated over application
  # config (see https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/b67785a476cf346b09f5ebc71b4d61aae3ac27b3/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb#L192)

  puts ActiveRecord::Base.collection_cache_versioning # true

Expected behavior

Rails would warn on stderr about this problem, or raise an error.
Extra points, if it could pinpoint (stacktrace?) what code is doing the wrong loading.

Actual behavior

Initializer configuration from new_framework_defaults of ActiveRecord is ignored.

System configuration

Rails version:
7.1.2
Ruby version:
2.7.7