Realtek RTL9210 chipset (NVMe to USB) initialized but seems doesn't work correctly on PRI 4

[hayorov]

Describe the bug
NVMe to USB encloser with RTL9210 chipset detected as USB2 (high-speed) device initialized but seems doesn't work. The device is present but cannot be used for partitioning

To reproduce
List the steps required to reproduce the issue.

Expected behavior
Discovered as 5000M (USB3 Bus) device and allows to manage NVMe disk.

Actual behaviour

[   18.936785] brcmfmac: brcmf_fw_alloc_request: using brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio for chip BCM4345/6
[   18.945449] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds: Firmware: BCM4345/6 wl0: Mar 23 2020 02:19:54 version 7.45.206 (r725000 CY) FWID 01-88ee44ea
[   19.711692] usb 1-1.3: new high-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[   19.818618] usb 1-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=9210, bcdDevice=20.01
[   19.818628] usb 1-1.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[   19.818633] usb 1-1.3: Product: RTL9210--VB
[   19.818638] usb 1-1.3: Manufacturer: Realtek
[   19.818643] usb 1-1.3: SerialNumber: 012345689321
[   19.996580] usb-storage 1-1.3:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[   19.998010] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1.3:1.0
[   19.998617] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[   20.004271] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas
[   20.211855] alua: device handler registered
[   20.214924] emc: device handler registered
[   20.218323] rdac: device handler registered
[   21.029378] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Realtek  RTL9210 NVME     1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[   21.030078] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[   21.035682] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[   21.035693] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] 

System

• Pi4B
• Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS \n \l
• version 194a85abd768c7334bbadc3f1911c10a7d18ed14 (clean) (release) (start)
• Linux raspberrypi 5.4.0-1028-raspi kernel oops.  #31-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT Wed Jan 20 11:30:45 UTC 2021 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux

Logs
dmesg

[   18.936785] brcmfmac: brcmf_fw_alloc_request: using brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio for chip BCM4345/6
[   18.945449] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds: Firmware: BCM4345/6 wl0: Mar 23 2020 02:19:54 version 7.45.206 (r725000 CY) FWID 01-88ee44ea
[   19.711692] usb 1-1.3: new high-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[   19.818618] usb 1-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=9210, bcdDevice=20.01
[   19.818628] usb 1-1.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[   19.818633] usb 1-1.3: Product: RTL9210--VB
[   19.818638] usb 1-1.3: Manufacturer: Realtek
[   19.818643] usb 1-1.3: SerialNumber: 012345689321
[   19.996580] usb-storage 1-1.3:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[   19.998010] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1.3:1.0
[   19.998617] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[   20.004271] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas
[   20.211855] alua: device handler registered
[   20.214924] emc: device handler registered
[   20.218323] rdac: device handler registered
[   21.029378] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Realtek  RTL9210 NVME     1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[   21.030078] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[   21.035682] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[   21.035693] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] 
[   21.035701] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Invalid command operation code
[   21.035711] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[   21.035716] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 0-byte physical blocks
[   21.037426] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[   21.039130] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Asking for cache data failed
[   21.039147] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
[   21.062525] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[   21.062543] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] 
[   21.062556] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Invalid command operation code
[   21.066197] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk

 ❯ sudo lsblk -l   
NAME      MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0       7:0    0 48.8M  1 loop /snap/core18/1936
loop1       7:1    0 48.9M  1 loop /snap/core18/1949
loop2       7:2    0   27M  1 loop /snap/snapd/10494
loop3       7:3    0 62.9M  1 loop /snap/lxd/19168
loop4       7:4    0   27M  1 loop /snap/snapd/10709
loop5       7:5    0 62.9M  1 loop /snap/lxd/19020
mmcblk0   179:0    0 14.9G  0 disk 
mmcblk0p1 179:1    0  256M  0 part /boot/firmware
mmcblk0p2 179:2    0 14.6G  0 part /

 ❯ lsusb -t                      
/:  Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 5000M
/:  Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/1p, 480M
    |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
        |__ Port 3: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 480M

Additional context
Latest smartctl with chipset support

smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [aarch64-linux-5.4.0-1028-raspi] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

Read NVMe Identify Controller failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode

 ❯ sudo smartctl -x -d scsi /dev/sda
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [aarch64-linux-5.4.0-1028-raspi] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Vendor:               Realtek
Product:              RTL9210 NVME
Revision:             1.00
Compliance:           SPC-4
LU is fully provisioned
Logical Unit id:      0x3001237923792379
Serial number:        0000000000000000
Device type:          disk
Local Time is:        Sat Feb  6 13:01:11 2021 +08
SMART support is:     Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.
Read Cache is:        Unavailable
Writeback Cache is:   Unavailable

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
Current Drive Temperature:     0 C
Drive Trip Temperature:        0 C

Error Counter logging not supported

Device does not support Self Test logging
Device does not support Background scan results logging

Looking for some help and ideas.

[P33M]

What happens if you connect the drive after power-on (and Linux has booted) - is the behaviour any different?

[hayorov]

@P33M I've tried to connect the enclosure after the RPI4 boot, the behavior is absolutely the same, I've tried other cables and even different power adapters.

I still confused and can't get why it's a USB2 device, but the main point - why I cannot interact with the disk... is that a wrong controller detection or RPI <-> Controller <-> NVMe

[hayorov]

One more unsuccessful attempt.

Installed Raspbian GNU/Linux 10 (latest), booted, attached enclosure

dmesg

[  378.509022] usb 1-1.1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[  378.645936] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=9210, bcdDevice=20.01
[  378.645955] usb 1-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[  378.645972] usb 1-1.1: Product: RTL9210--VB
[  378.645987] usb 1-1.1: Manufacturer: Realtek
[  378.646003] usb 1-1.1: SerialNumber: 012345689321
[  378.658234] usb-storage 1-1.1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[  378.659600] usb-storage 1-1.1:1.0: Quirks match for vid 0bda pid 9210: 800000
[  378.659807] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1.1:1.0
[  379.680950] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Realtek  RTL9210 NVME     1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[  379.689818] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x00 driverbyte=0x08
[  379.689839] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : 0x5 [current] 
[  379.689858] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] ASC=0x20 ASCQ=0x0 
[  379.689883] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[  379.689900] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 0-byte physical blocks
[  379.691690] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[  379.695031] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Asking for cache data failed
[  379.695047] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
[  379.698882] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[  379.756380] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x00 driverbyte=0x08
[  379.756399] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : 0x5 [current] 
[  379.756415] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] ASC=0x20 ASCQ=0x0 
[  379.760119] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk

lsusb

root@raspberrypi:/home/pi# lsusb -t
/:  Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 5000M
/:  Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/1p, 480M
    |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
        |__ Port 1: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 480M

Linux raspberrypi 5.4.83-v7l+ #1379 SMP Mon Dec 14 13:11:54 GMT 2020 armv7l GNU/Linux

Tried Quirks also, no effect.

Any thoughts?

[hayorov]

Some additional information about the enclosure and NVMe from CrystalDiskInfo (Windows)

[P33M]

From what I see, there are at least two things going wrong when plugging into the Pi. The first is that USB3.0 negotiation fails and the device falls back to USB2.0. The second is that the disk isn't reporting back any capacity figures - the command is failing. The fact that switching to USB mass storage rather than UAS has the same result points to a basic initialisation-style problem rather than UAS protocol breakage.

Does the adapter work at all if you plug it into one of the physical USB2.0 ports (or use a USB2.0 cable)?

[timg236]

Please could you also post links to the enclosure and NVMe device. I'm using a Realtek NVMe adapter with what appears to be the same chipset on a Pi4.
Actually, mine is the "Realtek RTL9210B-CG" chipset https://www.amazon.com/ELUTENG-Enclosure-Protocol-Adapter-External/dp/B08H22BV1N

[hayorov]

@timg236 happy that I'm not alone here.

My hardware

• Enclosure - ORICO M2PV-C3 https://www.orico.cc/us/product/detail/7214.html, Realtek RTL9210
• NVMe device - Reletech P400, https://www.newegg.com/reletech-1tb-p400/p/0D9-004F-00031, Phison E12S

[hayorov]

@P33M USB2 physical port gives the same result

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ lsusb -t
/:  Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 5000M
/:  Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/1p, 480M
    |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
        |__ Port 3: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 480M

the same dmesg

[82719.801100] usb 1-1.3: new high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd
[82719.938052] usb 1-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=9210, bcdDevice=20.01
[82719.938071] usb 1-1.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[82719.938088] usb 1-1.3: Product: RTL9210--VB
[82719.938103] usb 1-1.3: Manufacturer: Realtek
[82719.938118] usb 1-1.3: SerialNumber: 012345689321
[82719.949972] usb-storage 1-1.3:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[82719.950390] usb-storage 1-1.3:1.0: Quirks match for vid 0bda pid 9210: 800000
[82719.950597] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1.3:1.0
[82720.992715] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Realtek  RTL9210 NVME     1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[82720.993388] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[82720.999310] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x00 driverbyte=0x08
[82720.999332] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : 0x5 [current] 
[82720.999358] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] ASC=0x20 ASCQ=0x0 
[82720.999383] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[82720.999400] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 0-byte physical blocks
[82721.018583] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[82721.020382] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Asking for cache data failed
[82721.020400] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
[82721.088512] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x00 driverbyte=0x08
[82721.088534] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : 0x5 [current] 
[82721.088552] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] ASC=0x20 ASCQ=0x0 
[82721.097176] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk

[hayorov]

Ok, I'm still fighting and decided to check one more case: lack of power.

I use ZMI 20000 Power Bank with a built-in USB hub Genesys Logic, Inc. USB-2.0 4-Port HUB.

root@raspberrypi:/home/pi# lsusb -d 05e3:0608 -vvv

Bus 001 Device 003: ID 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. Hub
Device Descriptor:
  bLength                18
  bDescriptorType         1
  bcdUSB               2.00
  bDeviceClass            9 Hub
  bDeviceSubClass         0 
  bDeviceProtocol         1 Single TT
  bMaxPacketSize0        64
  idVendor           0x05e3 Genesys Logic, Inc.
  idProduct          0x0608 Hub
  bcdDevice           85.37
  iManufacturer           0 
  iProduct                1 USB2.0 Hub
  iSerial                 0 
  bNumConfigurations      1
  Configuration Descriptor:
    bLength                 9
    bDescriptorType         2
    wTotalLength       0x0019
    bNumInterfaces          1
    bConfigurationValue     1
    iConfiguration          0 
    bmAttributes         0xe0
      Self Powered
      Remote Wakeup
    MaxPower              100mA
    Interface Descriptor:
      bLength                 9
      bDescriptorType         4
      bInterfaceNumber        0
      bAlternateSetting       0
      bNumEndpoints           1
      bInterfaceClass         9 Hub
      bInterfaceSubClass      0 
      bInterfaceProtocol      0 Full speed (or root) hub
      iInterface              0 
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x81  EP 1 IN
        bmAttributes            3
          Transfer Type            Interrupt
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0001  1x 1 bytes
        bInterval              12
Hub Descriptor:
  bLength               9
  bDescriptorType      41
  nNbrPorts             4
  wHubCharacteristic 0x00e4
    Ganged power switching
    Compound device
    Ganged overcurrent protection
    TT think time 32 FS bits
    Port indicators
  bPwrOn2PwrGood       50 * 2 milli seconds
  bHubContrCurrent    100 milli Ampere
  DeviceRemovable    0x18
  PortPwrCtrlMask    0xff
 Hub Port Status:
   Port 1: 0000.0100 power
   Port 2: 0000.0503 highspeed power enable connect
   Port 3: 0000.0100 power
   Port 4: 0000.0100 power
Device Qualifier (for other device speed):
  bLength                10
  bDescriptorType         6
  bcdUSB               2.00
  bDeviceClass            9 Hub
  bDeviceSubClass         0 
  bDeviceProtocol         0 Full speed (or root) hub
  bMaxPacketSize0        64
  bNumConfigurations      1
can't get debug descriptor: Resource temporarily unavailable
Device Status:     0x0001
  Self Powered

Note it's a USB2 and the speed is physically limited with 480M.

root@raspberrypi:/home/pi# lsusb -t
/:  Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 5000M
/:  Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/1p, 480M
    |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
        |__ Port 2: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
            |__ Port 2: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 480M

But, the RTL9210 and NVMe drive detected, and it works!

[    1.512948] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[    1.695610] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=2109, idProduct=3431, bcdDevice= 4.21
[    1.695649] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=1, SerialNumber=0
[    1.695681] usb 1-1: Product: USB2.0 Hub
[    1.697395] hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.697714] hub 1-1:1.0: 4 ports detected
[    2.022947] usb 1-1.2: new high-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[    2.154460] usb 1-1.2: New USB device found, idVendor=05e3, idProduct=0608, bcdDevice=85.37
[    2.154498] usb 1-1.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=1, SerialNumber=0
[    2.154533] usb 1-1.2: Product: USB2.0 Hub
[    2.156342] hub 1-1.2:1.0: USB hub found
[    2.156717] hub 1-1.2:1.0: 4 ports detected
[    2.472946] usb 1-1.2.2: new high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd
[    2.609921] usb 1-1.2.2: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=9210, bcdDevice=20.01
[    2.609959] usb 1-1.2.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[    2.609993] usb 1-1.2.2: Product: RTL9210--VB
[    2.610021] usb 1-1.2.2: Manufacturer: Realtek
[    2.610048] usb 1-1.2.2: SerialNumber: 012345689321
[    2.618791] usb-storage 1-1.2.2:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[    2.619366] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1.2.2:1.0
[    3.674992] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Realtek  RTL9210 NVME     1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[    3.691222] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 2000409264 512-byte logical blocks: (1.02 TB/954 GiB)
[    3.692294] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[    3.692329] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 37 00 00 08
[    3.693261] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[    3.776999]  sda: sda1 sda2

smartctl

sudo smartctl /dev/sda
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [armv7l-linux-5.4.83-v7l+] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

NVMe device successfully opened

Use 'smartctl -a' (or '-x') to print SMART (and more) information

root@raspberrypi:/home/pi# sudo smartctl /dev/sda -x
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [armv7l-linux-5.4.83-v7l+] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Number:                       Reletech M.2 SSD 1024GB
Serial Number:                      202101200116
Firmware Version:                   ECFM22.7
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID:            0x1987
IEEE OUI Identifier:                0x6479a7
Total NVM Capacity:                 1,024,209,543,168 [1.02 TB]
Unallocated NVM Capacity:           0
Controller ID:                      1
NVMe Version:                       1.3
Number of Namespaces:               1
Namespace 1 Size/Capacity:          1,024,209,543,168 [1.02 TB]
Namespace 1 Formatted LBA Size:     512
Namespace 1 IEEE EUI-64:            6479a7 4600000028
Local Time is:                      Sun Feb 21 08:34:13 2021 GMT
Firmware Updates (0x12):            1 Slot, no Reset required
Optional Admin Commands (0x0017):   Security Format Frmw_DL Self_Test
Optional NVM Commands (0x005d):     Comp DS_Mngmt Wr_Zero Sav/Sel_Feat Timestmp
Log Page Attributes (0x08):         Telmtry_Lg
Maximum Data Transfer Size:         512 Pages
Warning  Comp. Temp. Threshold:     75 Celsius
Critical Comp. Temp. Threshold:     80 Celsius

Supported Power States
St Op     Max   Active     Idle   RL RT WL WT  Ent_Lat  Ex_Lat
 0 +     8.35W       -        -    0  0  0  0        0       0
 1 +     6.51W       -        -    1  1  1  1        0       0
 2 +     5.58W       -        -    2  2  2  2        0       0
 3 -   0.0490W       -        -    3  3  3  3     2000    2000
 4 -   0.0018W       -        -    4  4  4  4    25000   25000

Supported LBA Sizes (NSID 0x1)
Id Fmt  Data  Metadt  Rel_Perf
 0 +     512       0         2
 1 -    4096       0         1

=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02)
Critical Warning:                   0x00
Temperature:                        27 Celsius
Available Spare:                    100%
Available Spare Threshold:          5%
Percentage Used:                    2%
Data Units Read:                    454,278 [232 GB]
Data Units Written:                 863,865 [442 GB]
Host Read Commands:                 22,541,193
Host Write Commands:                40,123,635
Controller Busy Time:               48
Power Cycles:                       454
Power On Hours:                     93
Unsafe Shutdowns:                   344
Media and Data Integrity Errors:    0
Error Information Log Entries:      2
Warning  Comp. Temperature Time:    0
Critical Comp. Temperature Time:    0

Warning: NVMe Get Log truncated to 0x200 bytes, 0x200 bytes zero filled
Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, 16 of 63 entries)
No Errors Logged

I've ordered USB3 Hub based on VL812 with an external power supply.

I'll report the final results but as for now looks like it's a power shortage.

[hayorov]

USB3 Gen1 hub with complementary power delivery arrived. So, I can fully confirm that **the root cause of the problem is a lack of pi's power ** that leads to incorrect enclose detection and a problem with NVMe drive recognition.

My new setup with external power via USB3 Gen 1 hub works as expected:

root@raspberrypi:/home/pi# lsusb -t
/:  Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 5000M
    |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 5000M
        |__ Port 3: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=uas, 5000M

[    1.843319] usb 2-1: new SuperSpeed Gen 1 USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[    1.875454] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=2109, idProduct=0817, bcdDevice= 2.14
[    1.875492] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[    1.875524] usb 2-1: Product: USB3.0 Hub             
[    1.875552] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: VIA Labs, Inc.         
[    1.879015] hub 2-1:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.879343] hub 2-1:1.0: 4 ports detected
[   10.503583] usb 2-1.3: new SuperSpeed Gen 1 USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[   10.540650] usb 2-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=9210, bcdDevice=20.01
[   10.540696] usb 2-1.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[   10.540731] usb 2-1.3: Product: RTL9210--VB
[   10.540760] usb 2-1.3: Manufacturer: Realtek
[   10.540788] usb 2-1.3: SerialNumber: 012345689321
[   10.545129] usb 2-1.3: Enable of device-initiated U1 failed.
[   10.557009] usb 2-1.3: Enable of device-initiated U2 failed.
[   10.578631] usb 2-1.3: Enable of device-initiated U1 failed.
[   10.590361] usb 2-1.3: Enable of device-initiated U2 failed.
[   10.622839] scsi host0: uas
[   10.629115] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Realtek  RTL9210 NVME     1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[   10.648708] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 2000409264 512-byte logical blocks: (1.02 TB/954 GiB)
[   10.650292] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[   10.650326] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 37 00 00 08
[   10.653486] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[   10.656318] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Optimal transfer size 33553920 bytes
[   10.752387]  sda: sda1 sda2
[   10.769966] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk

Hub https://linux-hardware.org/index.php?id=usb:2109-0817

[maxromanovsky]

@hayorov could you please share a link to the USB3 Gen 1 hub you're using? Cheers!

[hayorov]

@maxromanovsky I have this https://www.orico.cc/usmobile/product/detail/id/3238 It is based on the VL817 VIA chip.

[mmokrejs]

I have same Enclosure - ORICO M2PV-C3 device
https://www.orico.cc/us/product/detail/7214.html
https://pcper.com/2020/07/orico-usb-c-nvme-ssd-aluminum-enclosure-review/
and I already found that I had to prevent uas driver (linux-5.4.143) to pick it up by adding the following line:

# cat /etc/modprobe.d/ignore_uas.conf 
options usb-storage quirks=0bda:9210:u
#

For basic use it worked "flawlessly" but if I want to re-write the SSD drive using dd_rescue or add it to an mdraid, it chokes and disconnects from USB.

# smartctl -d sntrealtek  -x /dev/sda
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.4.143] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Number:                       Force MP510
Serial Number:                      19378239000128951104
Firmware Version:                   ECFM22.5
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID:            0x1987
IEEE OUI Identifier:                0x6479a7
Total NVM Capacity:                 1,920,383,410,176 [1.92 TB]
Unallocated NVM Capacity:           0
Controller ID:                      1
NVMe Version:                       1.3
Number of Namespaces:               1
Namespace 1 Size/Capacity:          1,920,383,410,176 [1.92 TB]
Namespace 1 Formatted LBA Size:     512
Namespace 1 IEEE EUI-64:            6479a7 26b1863034
Local Time is:                      Sun Sep  5 16:33:45 2021 CEST
Firmware Updates (0x12):            1 Slot, no Reset required
Optional Admin Commands (0x0017):   Security Format Frmw_DL Self_Test
Optional NVM Commands (0x005d):     Comp DS_Mngmt Wr_Zero Sav/Sel_Feat Timestmp
Log Page Attributes (0x08):         Telmtry_Lg
Maximum Data Transfer Size:         512 Pages
Warning  Comp. Temp. Threshold:     75 Celsius
Critical Comp. Temp. Threshold:     80 Celsius

Supported Power States
St Op     Max   Active     Idle   RL RT WL WT  Ent_Lat  Ex_Lat
 0 +    11.52W       -        -    0  0  0  0        0       0
 1 +     8.09W       -        -    1  1  1  1        0       0
 2 +     6.37W       -        -    2  2  2  2        0       0
 3 -   0.0490W       -        -    3  3  3  3     2000    2000
 4 -   0.0018W       -        -    4  4  4  4    25000   25000

Supported LBA Sizes (NSID 0x1)
Id Fmt  Data  Metadt  Rel_Perf
 0 +     512       0         2
 1 -    4096       0         1

=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02)
Critical Warning:                   0x00
Temperature:                        49 Celsius
Available Spare:                    100%
Available Spare Threshold:          5%
Percentage Used:                    5%
Data Units Read:                    34,042,467 [17.4 TB]
Data Units Written:                 29,298,920 [15.0 TB]
Host Read Commands:                 343,811,672
Host Write Commands:                436,547,290
Controller Busy Time:               2,474
Power Cycles:                       566
Power On Hours:                     8,449
Unsafe Shutdowns:                   82
Media and Data Integrity Errors:    0
Error Information Log Entries:      287
Warning  Comp. Temperature Time:    0
Critical Comp. Temperature Time:    0
Thermal Temp. 1 Transition Count:   4
Thermal Temp. 2 Transition Count:   2
Thermal Temp. 1 Total Time:         3441
Thermal Temp. 2 Total Time:         19

Warning: NVMe Get Log truncated to 0x200 bytes, 0x200 bytes zero filled
Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, 16 of 63 entries)
No Errors Logged

Did anyone manage to get a firmware update? See https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/stable-nvme-usb-adapter.2572973/page-29