feat: suppress retry errors

[rexfordessilfie]

Overview

This PR introduces a RetryError class that can be used to track errors that occur during a retry. This feature is inspired by the recently added SuppressedError to Typescript 5.2 as part of the introduction of using keyword in microsoft/TypeScript#54505.

Previously the retry function threw only the last error but following this change, now throws a RetryError, with the causing error on the instance's error property.

I would have preferred to subclass SuppressedError from Typescript vs re-implementing my own equivalent here, however SuppressedError does not look to be defined (even after updating to version 5.2). It appears to only available as a global type but not as a concrete class.