Add beginner-friendly examples

[ricardoboss]

People browsing the examples are probably overwhelmed by the complexity of the examples.
This is in part because they are also used as integration tests and may not reflect what a beginner would look for when searching for code to learn from.

I think a good approach would be to add beginner-friendly example programs that solve a single problem or show a certain aspect of the language.

This would go hand-in-hand with adding tutorials (#29).

[ricardoboss]

Since #29 will add tutorials and how-tos, I would like to also track adding beginner-friendly code snippets/programs over there.