feat: expose hidden and distribution keys of columns in sql command and rw_columns

[yezizp2012]

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What's changed and what's your intention?

Resolve #12808 :

1. expose hidden columns in commands of DESCRIBE and SHOW COLUMNS FROM.
2. expose distribution keys in SHOW COLUMNS FROM.
3. add is_hidden, is_primary_key and is_distribution_key columns in rw_columns.
4. primary keys of a table is already supported in SHOW COLUMNS FROM.

dev=> create table t1(v1 int);
CREATE_TABLE
dev=> create table t2 (v1 int, v2 int, primary key(v1, v2));
CREATE_TABLE
dev=> describe t1;
       Name       |  Type   | Is Hidden
------------------+---------+-----------
 v1               | integer | false
 _row_id          | serial  | true
 primary key      | _row_id |
 distribution key | _row_id |
(4 rows)

dev=> describe t2;
       Name       |  Type   | Is Hidden
------------------+---------+-----------
 v1               | integer | false
 v2               | integer | false
 primary key      | v1, v2  |
 distribution key | v1, v2  |
(4 rows)

dev=> show columns from t1;
  Name   |  Type   | Is Hidden
---------+---------+-----------
 v1      | integer | false
 _row_id | serial  | true
(2 rows)

dev=> show columns from t2;
 Name |  Type   | Is Hidden
------+---------+-----------
 v1   | integer | false
 v2   | integer | false
(2 rows)

dev=> select * from rw_columns where relation_id = 1014 or relation_id = 1015;
 relation_id |  name   | position | is_hidden | is_primary_key | is_distribution_key | data_type | type_oid | type_len | udt_type
-------------+---------+----------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+-----------+----------+----------+----------
        1014 | v1      |        1 | f         | f              | f                   | integer   |       23 |        4 | int4
        1014 | _row_id |        2 | t         | t              | t                   | serial    |       20 |        8 | serial
        1015 | v1      |        1 | f         | t              | t                   | integer   |       23 |        4 | int4
        1015 | v2      |        2 | f         | t              | t                   | integer   |       23 |        4 | int4
(4 rows)

Checklist

• I have written necessary rustdoc comments
• I have added necessary unit tests and integration tests
• I have added fuzzing tests or opened an issue to track them. (Optional, recommended for new SQL features Sqlsmith: Sql feature generation #7934).
• My PR contains breaking changes. (If it deprecates some features, please create a tracking issue to remove them in the future).
• All checks passed in ./risedev check (or alias, ./risedev c)
• My PR changes performance-critical code. (Please run macro/micro-benchmarks and show the results.)

• My PR contains critical fixes that are necessary to be merged into the latest release. (Please check out the details)

Documentation

• My PR needs documentation updates. (Please use the Release note section below to summarize the impact on users)

Release note

If this PR includes changes that directly affect users or other significant modifications relevant to the community, kindly draft a release note to provide a concise summary of these changes. Please prioritize highlighting the impact these changes will have on users.

1. expose hidden columns in commands of DESCRIBE and SHOW COLUMNS FROM.
2. expose distribution keys in SHOW COLUMNS FROM.
3. add is_hidden, is_primary_key and is_distribution_key columns in rw_columns.
4. primary keys of a table is already supported in SHOW COLUMNS FROM.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #12839 (15ce212) into main (3fd760e) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 66.66%.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main   #12839   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   69.17%   69.17%           
=======================================
  Files        1489     1489           
  Lines      245901   245973   +72     
=======================================
+ Hits       170094   170145   +51     
- Misses      75807    75828   +21     

Flag	Coverage Δ
rust	69.17% <66.66%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files	Coverage Δ
...talog/system_catalog/information_schema/columns.rs	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
.../catalog/system_catalog/pg_catalog/pg_attribute.rs	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
src/frontend/src/handler/show.rs	26.61% <100.00%> (+0.44%)	⬆️
src/frontend/src/handler/util.rs	88.52% <100.00%> (+0.19%)	⬆️
...rc/catalog/system_catalog/rw_catalog/rw_columns.rs	76.34% <76.19%> (-23.66%)	⬇️
src/frontend/src/session.rs	29.97% <0.00%> (-0.37%)	⬇️
src/frontend/src/handler/describe.rs	77.77% <60.52%> (+3.56%)	⬆️

... and 5 files with indirect coverage changes

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[chenzl25]

LGTM