feat: add some missing columns and views to support atlas

[yezizp2012]

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What's changed and what's your intention?

Resolve #15120
Resolve #15121
Resolve #15122

As title, added some missing columns in system catalog and introduced a dummy system table pg_catalog.pg_partitioned_table.
It is worth noting that the columns is_generated and generation_expression have been added to the column system catalogs rw_catalog.rw_columns and information_schema.columns.

dev=> show create table t2;
   Name    |                     Create Sql
-----------+-----------------------------------------------------
 public.t2 | CREATE TABLE t2 (v1 INT, v2 INT, v3 INT AS v1 + v2)
(1 row)

dev=> select * from rw_columns where name = 'v3';
 relation_id | name | position | is_hidden | is_primary_key | is_distribution_key | is_generated | generation_expression | data_type | type_oid | type_len | udt_type
-------------+------+----------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+--------------+-----------------------+-----------+----------+----------+----------
        2002 | v3   |        3 | f         | f              | f                   | t            | (v1 + v2)             | integer   |       23 |        4 | int4
(1 row)

dev=> select * from information_schema.columns where column_name = 'v3';
 table_catalog | table_schema | table_name | column_name | column_default | character_maximum_length | numeric_precision | numeric_scale | ordinal_position | is_nullable | data_type | udt_catalog | udt_schema | udt_name | character_set_catalog | character_set_schema | character_set_name | collation_catalog | collation_schema | collation_name | domain_catalog | domain_schema | domain_name | scope_catalog | scope_schema | scope_name | is_identity | identity_generation | identity_start | identity_increment | identity_maximum | identity_minimum | identity_cycle | is_generated | generation_expression
---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+----------------+--------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------+----------+-----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+-------------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+---------------------+----------------+--------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+--------------+-----------------------
 dev           | public       | t2         | v3          |                |                          |                   |               |                3 | YES         | integer   | dev         | pg_catalog | int4     |                       |                      |                    |                   |                  |                |                |               |             |               |              |            | NO          |                     |                |                    |                  |                  |                | ALWAYS       | (v1 + v2)
(1 row)

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1. add some missing columns for system catalog: pg_catalog.pg_index, rw_catalog.rw_columns and information_schema.columns.
2. add a new dummy system view pg_catalog.pg_partitioned_table.

[neverchanje]

Thanks! Let me try on your branch later today.

[yezizp2012]

Thanks! Let me try on your branch later today.

I didn't upgrade the PG version in this PR, I am not sure if the implementation of rw is compatible with higher versions and whether upgrading will break some other tools that are already integrated.

[neverchanje]

It's alright. I did the hack so it won't affect my testing. 😄