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debian-mexn

installation of a Debian full-JavaScript VM server MEXN = (MongoDB, Express, [Vue, Angular, React, dhtmlx, AngularJS, jQuery, Ember, ...], Node)

Getting ready

Assuming you have

Note to self: debian-9.4.0-i386-netinst.iso is wrong image, this is 32 bit

If you need Debian on a physical machine, easiest is to create a bootable usb-stick:

STEP 1

Go to the website of the OS you wish to install, and find an iso image to download. In your case, since you want to run a Debian OS, here is a link to its iso options: https://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst

Choose an iso image from the options, and click on it. This should automatically start the image download. While file is downloading, go to second step.

STEP 2

Get a utility program to format and create bootable USB flash drives. Some have already been suggested, so I will just link you to my favourite: https://rufus.akeo.ie/

Download the utility and go to third step.

STEP 3

By this stage, if your iso image has not yet finished downloading, then wait until it does.

Now that you have both the utility and the iso image downloaded:

  1. Plug in your USB drive
  2. Open Rufus (to write your USB)
  3. Select the iso image you just downloaded to write on the USB, and fill out the other options accordingly (eg. selecting your USB drive etc)
  4. Click on the option for starting the write process (with Rufus, it is the "Start" button) Once Rufus finishes, simply reboot, booting from your USB, which should start up your Debian OS.

Creating the image

Start VirtualBox,

  • create a new 64 bit debian (type=linux)
  • I use 4 GB (4096)
  • Create new virtual disk, 16 GB, MongoDB needs it
  • I use VDI, dynamically allocated
  • mount the iso file in settings on the CD-drive and boot the image

Installing Debian

  • Install type: Graphical Install
  • Select language: English
  • Location: other, Europe, Netherlands
  • Locales: en_US.UTF-8
  • Keymap: American English
  • hostname: debian
  • domainname: local
  • root password:
  • Partition disk: guided, entire disk
  • Separate /home /var /tmp
  • Don't scan for CD's
  • Debian mirror: Netherlands, ftp.nl.debian.org
  • No proxy
  • No stats send
  • flagged:
    • Debian desktop environment: KDE
    • ssh server
    • standard utilities
  • Select and install software
    • virtualbox-ose-guest-x11 (sweet how that autodetects)
  • GRUB Bootloader to master boot record on /dev/sda

Done, after reboot I get a shell

  • Check version
cat /etc/issue
Debian GNU/Linux 9 \n \l
  • Install ifconfig, netstat etc
apt-get install net-tools
  • List active ports (need root for p flag)
netstat -lptn
  • Install sshd
apt-get install openssh-server
  • Check IP address after changing network
ip address

Make sure you have host-only adapter

Install VirtualBox Guest Additions

@see

Connect remotely from Linux with multi-monitor set-up

  1. You need to have VirtualBox Guest Additions installed on your client machine
  2. You need to install Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack
  3. You need to enable remote desktop in Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager for the client
  4. You need to start the guest headless
  5. You need to install xfreerdp

apt-get install freerdp

Connect from debian to Oracle VirtualBox

Connect using:

xfreerdp /v:192.168.178.xxx:3389 -f /multimon

CTRL+ALT+ENTER to escape fullscreen

Connect from Windows 10 to Oracle VirtualBox

start, run mstsc /v:192.168.178.xxx /h:1080 /w:5760

Virtualbox tips and tricks

List all vm's:

VBoxManage list vms

List all settings of specific vm:

VBoxManage guestproperty enumerate imagename

List one setting of specific vm:

VBoxManage guestproperty get imagename "/VirtualBox/GuestInfo/Net/0/V4/IP"

Start a vim:

vboxmanage startvm imagename

Set monitorcount

vboxmanage modifyvm imagename --monitorcount 2

Install MongoDB

Connect using putty, use dev, then su to root

use shift-insert to paste commands in putty

apt-get install dirmngr
apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 2930ADAE8CAF5059EE73BB4B58712A2291FA4AD5
echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/debian stretch/mongodb-org/3.6 main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.6.list
apt-get update
apt-get install -y mongodb-org
systemctl enable mongod.service
service mongod start

Testing

shutdown -r now
root@debian:/home/dev# mongo
MongoDB shell version v3.6.5
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017
MongoDB server version: 3.6.5
Server has startup warnings:
2018-06-27T19:31:36.381+0200 I STORAGE  [initandlisten]
2018-06-27T19:31:36.381+0200 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Using the XFS filesystem is strongly recommended with the WiredTiger storage engine
2018-06-27T19:31:36.381+0200 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] **          See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/prodnotes-filesystem
2018-06-27T19:31:38.066+0200 I CONTROL  [initandlisten]
2018-06-27T19:31:38.066+0200 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
2018-06-27T19:31:38.066+0200 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **          Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2018-06-27T19:31:38.066+0200 I CONTROL  [initandlisten]
> show dbs;
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.000GB
> use admin
switched to db admin
> show collections;
system.version
> db.system.version.find({})
{ "_id" : "featureCompatibilityVersion", "version" : "3.6" }
> exit
bye

Install Node

as root (sudo su -)

apt-get install curl
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | bash -
apt-get install -y nodejs

You can also safely upgrade from node 9.x to 10.x with above

Testing

root@debian:/home/dev# node -v
v9.11.2
root@debian:/home/dev# npm -v
5.6.0
root@debian:/home/dev#

Avoid EACCES errors

@see here

as dev

exit
mkdir ~/.npm-global
npm config set prefix '~/.npm-global'
export PATH=~/.npm-global/bin:$PATH
source ~/.profile

Before we get something using npm, we need to install git as root

su
apt-get install git
exit

as dev

npm install -g jshint
npm uninstall -g jshint

Full Test

as dev

git clone https://github.com/rkristelijn/dhtmlx-json-node.git
cd dhtmlx-json-node
npm i
npm run seed
CTRL+C
npm start

Git server

apt-get install git-core

Tuning bash for git usage

If you want to add the active branch on your prompt

  1. find out the current prompt echo $PS1
  2. update ~/.bashrc, add to the end:
git_branch() {
  git branch 2>/dev/null | grep '^*' | colrm 1 2
}

export PS1="\[\e]0;\u@\h: \w\a\]${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\] \[\033[33m\]\$(git_branch)\[\033[00m\] \$"

to reload it, type:

. ~/.bashrc

Usermanagement

Create a new user:

sudo su -
adduser username

Add user to sudo

usermod -aG sudo username

Delete a user:

sudo su -
userdel username
userdel -r username

@see remove user: https://nl.godaddy.com/help/remove-a-linux-user-19158

Add user to sudo

add you user below root in /etc/sudoers

and without password

my-awesome-user ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

Graphical tools

If you had X11 installed; here's my tips for LXDE

Add shortcuts:

edit ~/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml

replace USER with your user if you want to use Visual Studio Code

sudo code ~/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml --user-data-dir USER

But you might as well use vi, vim or nano

after saving you can use

openbox --restart

to reload

disable <!-- Keybindings for desktop switching -->

Use Windows + (Left|Right) to move windows to different monitors

<keybind key="W-Right">
  <action name="MoveResizeTo">
    <!-- move to next monitor -->
    <monitor>next</monitor>
  </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key="W-Left">
  <action name="MoveResizeTo">
    <!-- move to next monitor -->
    <monitor>prev</monitor>
  </action>
</keybind>

Use Ctrl + Alt + (1|2|3|4) to move windows a quarter of the screen

<keybind key="C-A-1">        # UpperQuarterLeft
      <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
      <action name="MoveResizeTo"><x>0</x><y>0</y><height>50%</height><width>50%</width></action>
    </keybind>

    <keybind key="C-A-2">        # LowerQuarterLeft
      <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
      <action name="MoveResizeTo"><x>0</x><y>-0</y><height>50%</height><width>50%</width></action>
    </keybind>

    <keybind key="C-A-3">        # LowerQuarterRight
      <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
      <action name="MoveResizeTo"><x>-0</x><y>-0</y><height>50%</height><width>50%</width></action>
    </keybind>

    <keybind key="C-A-4">        # UpperQuarterRight
      <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
      <action name="MoveResizeTo"><x>-0</x><y>0</y><height>50%</height><width>50%</width></action>
    </keybind>

Use Ctrl + Alt + (Left|Right) to move windows a left or right half

<keybind key='C-A-Left'># Left 50% of screen
  <action name='UnmaximizeFull' />
  <action name='MoveResizeTo'>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <height>100%</height>
    <width>50%</width>
  </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key='C-A-Right'># Right 50% of screen
  <action name='UnmaximizeFull' />
  <action name='MoveResizeTo'>
    <x>-0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <height>100%</height>
    <width>50%</width>
  </action>
</keybind>

Use Ctrl + Alt + (Up|Down) to move windows fullscreen and restore

    <keybind key="C-A-Up">        # FullScreen
      <action name="Maximize"/>
    </keybind>
    <keybind key="C-A-Down">        # MiddleScreen
      <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
      <action name="MoveResizeTo"><x>center</x><y>center</y><width>50%</width><height>50%</height></action>
    </keybind>

Miscelious Programs

<keybind key='W-t'>
    <action name='Execute'>
        <command>lxterminal</command>
    </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key='C-A-t'>
    <action name='Execute'>
        <command>lxterminal</command>
    </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key='C-A-i'>
    <action name='Execute'>
        <command>/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable %U</command>
    </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key='W-i'>
    <action name='Execute'>
        <command>/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable %U</command>
    </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key='C-A-l'>
    <action name='Execute'>
        <command>leafpad %f</command>
    </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key='W-l'>
    <action name='Execute'>
        <command>leafpad %f</command>
    </action>
</keybind>

Intsall programs

Install Visual Studio code

sudo dpkg -i code_1.27.2-1536736588_amd64.deb

Install Chrome

sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

Install Postman

https://www.getpostman.com/apps tar -zxvf Postman-linux-x64-6.3.0.tar.gz mv Postman /usr/bin

Install Nomachine

We don't need this, as we connect to the machine via VirtualBox https://www.nomachine.com/download

Settings virtual machine > Display > Remote Display > Enable: port: 3389

  • On Debian: use xfreerdp: xfreerdp /v:192.168.178.xxx:3389 -f /multimon (CTRL+ALT+ENTER to escape fullscreen)
  • On Window: start, run mstsc /v:192.168.178.xxx /h:1080 /w:5760 /f /multimon

Skype

Use pidgin, but desktop sharing seems to be not possible

@see https://forums.mauilinux.org/showthread.php?tid=24347

WebStorm

Note, this is proprietary software

@see https://www.jetbrains.com/help/webstorm/install-and-set-up-product.html#install-on-linux-with-snaps

GitKraken

@see https://www.gitkraken.com/download get the deb file and use sudo dpkg -i

Slack

@see https://slack.com/downloads/linux get the deb file and use sudo dpkg -i

FileZilla FTP client

@see https://packages.debian.org/en/jessie/filezilla for sudo apt-get install filezilla probably, but you can download the tar.gz file using tar -zxvf

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installation of a Debian full-javaScript server

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